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Volume 15
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10.3390/atmos15040464
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Article

An Intermittent Exposure Regime Did Not Alter the Crop Yield and Biomass Responses to an Elevated Ozone Concentration

by
Xiaoke Wang
1,2,*,
Danhong Zhang
1,2,
Sisi Tong
3,
Binbin Huang
1,2,
Shuai Zhang
4,
Xu Sun
1,
Hongxing Zhang
1,
Wuxing Wan
4 and
Feixiang Zheng
5
1
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
2
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3
School of Ecology and Environment, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
4
College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050016, China
5
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Atmosphere 2024, 15(4), 464; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15040464
Submission received: 23 February 2024 / Revised: 4 April 2024 / Accepted: 4 April 2024 / Published: 9 April 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ozone Pollution and Effects in China)
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Abstract

The intermittent ozone (O3) exposure of crops to alternating high and low concentrations is common in fields, but its impact on crop production has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, two widely planted and O3-sensitive crops, winter wheat and soybean, were intermittently exposed to elevated O3 concentrations in open-top chambers. The results showed that the winter wheat and soybean yields significantly decreased with O3 exposure (AOT40, cumulative hourly O3 concentration above 40 ppb) (p < 0.001). The relative yield losses were 0.99% per AOT40 for winter wheat and 1.2% per AOT40 for soybean, respectively. The responses of the crop biomasses to elevated O3 concentrations were lower than that of crop yield. Although the O3-induced crop yield and biomass losses under continuous O3 exposure were greater than those under intermittent O3 exposure, the differences were not statistically significant. Therefore, we can conclude that the effects of elevated O3 concentrations on crops are closely related to the exposure dose but not significantly related to the temporal distribution of elevated O3 concentrations. This study improves our understanding of how crop production responds to intermittent O3 exposure.
Keywords: ozone; intermittent exposure; wheat; soybean; yield; biomass ozone; intermittent exposure; wheat; soybean; yield; biomass

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, X.; Zhang, D.; Tong, S.; Huang, B.; Zhang, S.; Sun, X.; Zhang, H.; Wan, W.; Zheng, F. An Intermittent Exposure Regime Did Not Alter the Crop Yield and Biomass Responses to an Elevated Ozone Concentration. Atmosphere 2024, 15, 464. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15040464

AMA Style

Wang X, Zhang D, Tong S, Huang B, Zhang S, Sun X, Zhang H, Wan W, Zheng F. An Intermittent Exposure Regime Did Not Alter the Crop Yield and Biomass Responses to an Elevated Ozone Concentration. Atmosphere. 2024; 15(4):464. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15040464

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Xiaoke, Danhong Zhang, Sisi Tong, Binbin Huang, Shuai Zhang, Xu Sun, Hongxing Zhang, Wuxing Wan, and Feixiang Zheng. 2024. "An Intermittent Exposure Regime Did Not Alter the Crop Yield and Biomass Responses to an Elevated Ozone Concentration" Atmosphere 15, no. 4: 464. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15040464

APA Style

Wang, X., Zhang, D., Tong, S., Huang, B., Zhang, S., Sun, X., Zhang, H., Wan, W., & Zheng, F. (2024). An Intermittent Exposure Regime Did Not Alter the Crop Yield and Biomass Responses to an Elevated Ozone Concentration. Atmosphere, 15(4), 464. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15040464

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