Genes 2018, 9(11), 535; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes9110535
Molecular Evidence for Two Domestication Events in the Pea Crop
Oldřich Trněný 1, Jan Brus 2
, Iveta Hradilová 3, Abhishek Rathore 4, Roma R. Das 4, Pavel Kopecký 5, Clarice J. Coyne 6, Patrick Reeves 7, Christopher Richards 7 and Petr Smýkal 3,*
, Iveta Hradilová 3, Abhishek Rathore 4, Roma R. Das 4, Pavel Kopecký 5, Clarice J. Coyne 6, Patrick Reeves 7, Christopher Richards 7 and Petr Smýkal 3,*
1
Agricultural Research Ltd., 66441 Troubsko, Czech Republic
2
Department of Geoinformatics, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
3
Department of Botany, Palacký University, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
4
The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, Telangana 502324, India
5
Crop Research Institute, The Centre of the Region Haná for biotechnological and Agricultural Research, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
6
United States Department of Agriculture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6402, USA
7
United States Department of Agriculture, National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 11 October 2018 / Revised: 25 October 2018 / Accepted: 29 October 2018 / Published: 6 November 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genomics of Plant Domestication and Crop Evolution)
Abstract
Pea, one of the founder crops from the Near East, has two wild species: Pisum sativum subsp. elatius, with a wide distribution centered in the Mediterranean, and P. fulvum, which is restricted to Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine and Jordan. Using genome wide analysis of 11,343 polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on a set of wild P. elatius (134) and P. fulvum (20) and 74 domesticated accessions (64 P. sativum landraces and 10 P. abyssinicum), we demonstrated that domesticated P. sativum and the Ethiopian pea (P. abyssinicum) were derived from different P. elatius genepools. Therefore, pea has at least two domestication events. The analysis does not support a hybrid origin of P. abyssinicum, which was likely introduced into Ethiopia and Yemen followed by eco-geographic adaptation. Both P. sativum and P. abyssinicum share traits that are typical of domestication, such as non-dormant seeds. Non-dormant seeds were also found in several wild P. elatius accessions which could be the result of crop to wild introgression or natural variation that may have been present during pea domestication. A sub-group of P. elatius overlaps with P. sativum landraces. This may be a consequence of bidirectional gene-flow or may suggest that this group of P. elatius is the closest extant wild relative of P. sativum. View Full-TextKeywords:
domestication; Ethiopian pea; pea; Pisum sativum; seed dormancy
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Trněný, O.; Brus, J.; Hradilová, I.; Rathore, A.; Das, R.R.; Kopecký, P.; Coyne, C.J.; Reeves, P.; Richards, C.; Smýkal, P. Molecular Evidence for Two Domestication Events in the Pea Crop. Genes 2018, 9, 535.
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