Vpr and Its Cellular Interaction Partners: R We There Yet?
Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 4, Room 312, 4 Center Drive, MSC 0460, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Cells 2019, 8(11), 1310; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8111310
Received: 2 October 2019
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Revised: 22 October 2019
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Accepted: 23 October 2019
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Published: 24 October 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue HIV and Host Interaction)
Vpr is a lentiviral accessory protein that is expressed late during the infection cycle and is packaged in significant quantities into virus particles through a specific interaction with the P6 domain of the viral Gag precursor. Characterization of the physiologically relevant function(s) of Vpr has been hampered by the fact that in many cell lines, deletion of Vpr does not significantly affect viral fitness. However, Vpr is critical for virus replication in primary macrophages and for viral pathogenesis in vivo. It is generally accepted that Vpr does not have a specific enzymatic activity but functions as a molecular adapter to modulate viral or cellular processes for the benefit of the virus. Indeed, many Vpr interacting factors have been described by now, and the goal of this review is to summarize our current knowledge of cellular proteins targeted by Vpr.
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Keywords:
HIV-1; Vpr; accessory genes; host restriction factors
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MDPI and ACS Style
Fabryova, H.; Strebel, K. Vpr and Its Cellular Interaction Partners: R We There Yet? Cells 2019, 8, 1310. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8111310
AMA Style
Fabryova H, Strebel K. Vpr and Its Cellular Interaction Partners: R We There Yet? Cells. 2019; 8(11):1310. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8111310
Chicago/Turabian StyleFabryova, Helena, and Klaus Strebel. 2019. "Vpr and Its Cellular Interaction Partners: R We There Yet?" Cells 8, no. 11: 1310. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8111310
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