Next Article in Journal
DNA Methylation of TGFβ Target Genes: Epigenetic Control of TGFβ Functional Duality in Liver Cancer
Next Article in Special Issue
Neutrophil Maturation, Reactivity and Granularity Research Parameters to Characterize and Differentiate Convalescent Patients from Active SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Previous Article in Journal
PAX7 Balances the Cell Cycle Progression via Regulating Expression of Dnmt3b and Apobec2 in Differentiating PSCs
Previous Article in Special Issue
Expansion of Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells Contributes to Platelet Activation by L-Arginine Deprivation during SARS-CoV-2 Infection
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Cells
Volume 10
Issue 9
10.3390/cells10092206
cells-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

Two-Step In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Cellular Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2

by
Juliana G. Melgaço
1,*,†,‡,
Tamiris Azamor
1,†,
Andréa M. V. Silva
1,
José Henrique R. Linhares
1,
Tiago P. dos Santos
1,
Ygara S. Mendes
1,
Sheila M. B. de Lima
1,
Camilla Bayma Fernandes
1,
Jane da Silva
1,
Alessandro F. de Souza
1,
Luciana N. Tubarão
1,
Danielle Brito e Cunha
1,
Tamires B. S. Pereira
1,
Catarina E. L. Menezes
1,
Milene D. Miranda
2,
Aline R. Matos
2,
Braulia C. Caetano
2,
Jéssica S. C. C. Martins
2,
Thyago L. Calvo
3,
Natalia F. Rodrigues
4,5,
Carolina Q. Sacramento
4,5,
Marilda M. Siqueira
2,
Milton O. Moraes
3,
Sotiris Missailidis
1,
Patrícia C. C. Neves
1 and
Ana Paula D. Ano Bom
1add Show full author list remove Hide full author list
1
Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
2
Laboratório de Vírus Respiratório e do Sarampo, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
3
Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
4
Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
5
Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Authors contributed equally.
‡
Current address: Room 414, 4th Floor, Rocha Lima Building, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil.
Cells 2021, 10(9), 2206; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10092206
Submission received: 29 July 2021 / Revised: 4 August 2021 / Accepted: 6 August 2021 / Published: 26 August 2021
(This article belongs to the Collection Cellular Immunology and COVID-19)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

The cellular immune response plays an important role in COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2. This feature makes use of in vitro models’ useful tools to evaluate vaccines and biopharmaceutical effects. Here, we developed a two-step model to evaluate the cellular immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced or spike protein stimulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from both unexposed and COVID-19 (primo-infected) individuals (Step1). Moreover, the supernatants of these cultures were used to evaluate its effects on lung cell lines (A549) (Step2). When PBMC from the unexposed were infected by SARS-CoV-2, cytotoxic natural killer and nonclassical monocytes expressing inflammatory cytokines genes were raised. The supernatant of these cells can induce apoptosis of A549 cells (mock vs. Step2 [mean]: 6.4% × 17.7%). Meanwhile, PBMCs from primo-infected presented their memory CD4+ T cells activated with a high production of IFNG and antiviral genes. Supernatant from past COVID-19 subjects contributed to reduce apoptosis (mock vs. Step2 [ratio]: 7.2 × 1.4) and to elevate the antiviral activity (iNOS) of A549 cells (mock vs. Step2 [mean]: 31.5% × 55.7%). Our findings showed features of immune primary cells and lung cell lines response after SARS-CoV-2 or spike protein stimulation that can be used as an in vitro model to study the immunity effects after SARS-CoV-2 antigen exposure.
Keywords: in vitro model; immunity; SARS-CoV-2 in vitro model; immunity; SARS-CoV-2
Graphical Abstract

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Melgaço, J.G.; Azamor, T.; Silva, A.M.V.; Linhares, J.H.R.; dos Santos, T.P.; Mendes, Y.S.; de Lima, S.M.B.; Fernandes, C.B.; da Silva, J.; de Souza, A.F.; et al. Two-Step In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Cellular Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2. Cells 2021, 10, 2206. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10092206

AMA Style

Melgaço JG, Azamor T, Silva AMV, Linhares JHR, dos Santos TP, Mendes YS, de Lima SMB, Fernandes CB, da Silva J, de Souza AF, et al. Two-Step In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Cellular Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2. Cells. 2021; 10(9):2206. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10092206

Chicago/Turabian Style

Melgaço, Juliana G., Tamiris Azamor, Andréa M. V. Silva, José Henrique R. Linhares, Tiago P. dos Santos, Ygara S. Mendes, Sheila M. B. de Lima, Camilla Bayma Fernandes, Jane da Silva, Alessandro F. de Souza, and et al. 2021. "Two-Step In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Cellular Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2" Cells 10, no. 9: 2206. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10092206

APA Style

Melgaço, J. G., Azamor, T., Silva, A. M. V., Linhares, J. H. R., dos Santos, T. P., Mendes, Y. S., de Lima, S. M. B., Fernandes, C. B., da Silva, J., de Souza, A. F., Tubarão, L. N., Brito e Cunha, D., Pereira, T. B. S., Menezes, C. E. L., Miranda, M. D., Matos, A. R., Caetano, B. C., Martins, J. S. C. C., Calvo, T. L., ... Ano Bom, A. P. D. (2021). Two-Step In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Cellular Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2. Cells, 10(9), 2206. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10092206

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop