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Agronomy
Volume 11
Issue 4
10.3390/agronomy11040754
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Article

Nozzle Selection and Adjuvant Impact on the Efficacy of Glyphosate and PPO-Inhibiting Herbicide Tank-Mixtures

by
Jesaelen G. Moraes
1,*,
Thomas R. Butts
1,
Vitor M. Anunciato
2,
Joe D. Luck
3,
Wesley C. Hoffmann
4,
Ulisses R. Antuniassi
5 and
Greg R. Kruger
1
1
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, North Platte, NE 69101, USA
2
Department of Plant Protection, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP 18618687, Brazil
3
Department of Biological System Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, North Platte, NE 69101, USA
4
USDA-ARS Aerial Application Technology Research Unit, College Station, TX 77845, USA
5
Department of Rural Engineering, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP 18618687, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Agronomy 2021, 11(4), 754; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040754
Submission received: 11 March 2021 / Revised: 31 March 2021 / Accepted: 7 April 2021 / Published: 13 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Weed Science and Weed Management)
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Abstract

PPO-inhibiting herbicides in combination with glyphosate for postemergence applications is a common approach to manage glyphosate- and ALS-inhibitor-resistant weeds. PPO-inhibitors can reduce glyphosate translocation when applied in tank-mixtures, but adjuvants may be used to overcome this effect. Additionally, optimal droplet size may be affected by tank-mixtures of different herbicides and it can be crucial to herbicide efficacy. Field and greenhouse studies were conducted to investigate the impact of nozzle selection and adjuvants on weed control and interactions when applying PPO-inhibitors (fomesafen or lactofen) alone or in tank-mixture with glyphosate to five weed species using six nozzle types. Ultra-coarse droplets were just as effective as medium droplets regardless of the spray solution, but have a lower likelihood of off-target movement. Tank-mixtures applied were consistently antagonistic to common lambsquarters, horseweed, and Palmer amaranth. Only fomesafen was antagonistic to kochia whereas synergistic interactions were observed when glyphosate plus lactofen were applied in combination with COC, DRA + COC, or NIS. Separate applications are advisable with herbicide- and weed-specific situations to avoid antagonism, which is necessary to achieve optimum weed control and maintain the effectiveness of PPO-inhibitors. Future research should continue to look at these important interactions across a wide range of weed species.
Keywords: air inclusion nozzle; crop oil concentrate; drift reducing adjuvant; methylated seed oil; non-air inclusion nozzle; non-ionic surfactant; soybeans air inclusion nozzle; crop oil concentrate; drift reducing adjuvant; methylated seed oil; non-air inclusion nozzle; non-ionic surfactant; soybeans

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MDPI and ACS Style

Moraes, J.G.; Butts, T.R.; M. Anunciato, V.; Luck, J.D.; Hoffmann, W.C.; Antuniassi, U.R.; Kruger, G.R. Nozzle Selection and Adjuvant Impact on the Efficacy of Glyphosate and PPO-Inhibiting Herbicide Tank-Mixtures. Agronomy 2021, 11, 754. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040754

AMA Style

Moraes JG, Butts TR, M. Anunciato V, Luck JD, Hoffmann WC, Antuniassi UR, Kruger GR. Nozzle Selection and Adjuvant Impact on the Efficacy of Glyphosate and PPO-Inhibiting Herbicide Tank-Mixtures. Agronomy. 2021; 11(4):754. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040754

Chicago/Turabian Style

Moraes, Jesaelen G., Thomas R. Butts, Vitor M. Anunciato, Joe D. Luck, Wesley C. Hoffmann, Ulisses R. Antuniassi, and Greg R. Kruger. 2021. "Nozzle Selection and Adjuvant Impact on the Efficacy of Glyphosate and PPO-Inhibiting Herbicide Tank-Mixtures" Agronomy 11, no. 4: 754. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040754

APA Style

Moraes, J. G., Butts, T. R., M. Anunciato, V., Luck, J. D., Hoffmann, W. C., Antuniassi, U. R., & Kruger, G. R. (2021). Nozzle Selection and Adjuvant Impact on the Efficacy of Glyphosate and PPO-Inhibiting Herbicide Tank-Mixtures. Agronomy, 11(4), 754. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11040754

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