Optimizing Short-Term Maximal Exercise Performance: The Superior Efficacy of a 6 mg/kg Caffeine Dose over 3 or 9 mg/kg in Young Female Team-Sports Athletes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Experimental Design
2.3. CAF Administration Protocol
2.4. Habitual CAF Intake Assessment
2.5. CMJ
2.6. Modified Agility t-Test (MATT)
2.7. RSA Test
2.8. Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE)
2.9. CAF Adverse Side Effects Questionnaire
2.10. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. CMJ
3.2. MATT
3.3. RSA Test
3.3.1. RSAmean
3.3.2. RSAbest
3.4. RPE
3.5. Adverse Side Effects Questionnaire
4. Discussion
Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Minimum | Maximum | Mean | |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 16 | 18 | 16.9 ± 0.6 |
Body mass (kg) | 50.3 | 74.1 | 60.1 ± 5.7 |
Height (m) | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.64 ± 0.1 |
Body mass index (kg·m−2) | 18.3 | 23.3 | 21.6 ± 1.5 |
CAF habitual intake (Mg·kg·day−1) | 0.99 | 1.52 | 1.09 ± 0.3 |
Sleep duration (h) | 6.9 | 9.1 | 7.7 ± 0.6 |
MEQ questionnaire score (au) | 44 | 58 | 48.9 ± 4.5 |
Practice experience (years) | 4 | 7 | 5.1 ± 0.9 |
Training sessions frequency/week (au) | 3 | 5 | 4.3 ± 0.7 |
Daily caloric intake (Kcal) | 1650 | 2996 | 2335.8 ± 404.4 |
Menstrual cycle length (days) | 25 | 31 | 27.69 ± 1.93 |
PLAC | CAF-3 | CAF-6 | CAF-9 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+0 h | +24 h | +0 h | +24 h | +0 h | +24 h | +0 h | +24 h | |
Muscle soreness (%) | 6.25 | 6.25 | 0 | 6.25 | 6.25 | 6.25 | 6.25 | 12.5 |
Increased urine output (%) | 0 | 6.25 | 0 | 6.25 | 0 | 12.5 | 6.25 | 31.25 |
Tachycardia and heart palpitations (%) | 0 | 0 | 12.5 | 6.25 | 12.5 | 6.25 | 25 | 25 |
Anxiety or nervousness (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.25 | 6.25 | 18.75 |
Headache (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.25 | 6.25 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 25 |
Gastrointestinal problems (%) | 6.25 | 0 | 6.25 | 0 | 12.5 | 0 | 12.5 | 31.25 |
Insomnia (%) | - | 6.25 | - | 0 | - | 6.25 | - | 25 |
Increased vigor/activeness (%) | 6.25 | 0 | 6.25 | 0 | 0 | 6.25 | 12.5 | 25 |
Perception of performance improvement (%) | 18.75 | - | 18.75 | - | 18.75 | - | 12.5 | - |
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Bougrine, H.; Ammar, A.; Salem, A.; Trabelsi, K.; Jahrami, H.; Chtourou, H.; Souissi, N. Optimizing Short-Term Maximal Exercise Performance: The Superior Efficacy of a 6 mg/kg Caffeine Dose over 3 or 9 mg/kg in Young Female Team-Sports Athletes. Nutrients 2024, 16, 640. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16050640
Bougrine H, Ammar A, Salem A, Trabelsi K, Jahrami H, Chtourou H, Souissi N. Optimizing Short-Term Maximal Exercise Performance: The Superior Efficacy of a 6 mg/kg Caffeine Dose over 3 or 9 mg/kg in Young Female Team-Sports Athletes. Nutrients. 2024; 16(5):640. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16050640
Chicago/Turabian StyleBougrine, Houda, Achraf Ammar, Atef Salem, Khaled Trabelsi, Haitham Jahrami, Hamdi Chtourou, and Nizar Souissi. 2024. "Optimizing Short-Term Maximal Exercise Performance: The Superior Efficacy of a 6 mg/kg Caffeine Dose over 3 or 9 mg/kg in Young Female Team-Sports Athletes" Nutrients 16, no. 5: 640. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16050640
APA StyleBougrine, H., Ammar, A., Salem, A., Trabelsi, K., Jahrami, H., Chtourou, H., & Souissi, N. (2024). Optimizing Short-Term Maximal Exercise Performance: The Superior Efficacy of a 6 mg/kg Caffeine Dose over 3 or 9 mg/kg in Young Female Team-Sports Athletes. Nutrients, 16(5), 640. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16050640