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Nutrients
Volume 16
Issue 18
10.3390/nu16183073
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Review

Lactoferrin: A Promising Therapeutic Molecule against Human Papillomavirus

by
Merve Kaplan
1,2,
Merve Baktıroğlu
3,4,
Arda Erkan Kalkan
2,
Ahmet Alperen Canbolat
2,
Mauro Lombardo
5,
António Raposo
6,
José Luiz de Brito Alves
7,
Anna Maria Witkowska
8,* and
Sercan Karav
2,*
1
Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
2
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17100, Turkey
3
Department of Gynecological Oncology, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34452, Turkey
4
Canakkale Mehmet Akif Ersoy Government Hospital, Canakkale 17110, Turkey
5
Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di 11 Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
6
CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
7
Department of Nutrition, Health Science Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
8
Department of Food Biotechnology, Bialystok Medical University, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2024, 16(18), 3073; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183073
Submission received: 26 August 2024 / Revised: 5 September 2024 / Accepted: 5 September 2024 / Published: 12 September 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Why Animal-Derived Foods Have Been, Are and Will Be Essential for Human Nutrition)
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Abstract

Lactoferrin is a multifunctional glycoprotein naturally found in mammalian secretions, predominantly in colostrum and milk. As a key component of dairy foods, lactoferrin enhances viral protection and boosts human health, owing to its fundamental properties including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulatory effects. Importantly, the antiviral effect of lactoferrin has been shown against a range of viruses causing serious infections and threatening human health. One of the viruses that lactoferrin exerts significant antiviral effects on is the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is the most prevalent transmitted infection affecting a myriad of people around the world. Lactoferrin has a high potential to inhibit HPV via different mechanisms, including direct binding to viral envelope proteins or their cell receptors, thereby hindering viral entry and immune stimulation by triggering the release of some immune-related molecules through the body, such as lymphocytes. Along with HPV, lactoferrin also can inhibit a range of viruses including coronaviruses and hepatitis viruses in the same manner. Here, we overview the current knowledge of lactoferrin and its effects on HPV and other viral infections.
Keywords: lactoferrin; natural compound; dairy foods; milk; antiviral; human papillomavirus; HPV lactoferrin; natural compound; dairy foods; milk; antiviral; human papillomavirus; HPV
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MDPI and ACS Style

Kaplan, M.; Baktıroğlu, M.; Kalkan, A.E.; Canbolat, A.A.; Lombardo, M.; Raposo, A.; de Brito Alves, J.L.; Witkowska, A.M.; Karav, S. Lactoferrin: A Promising Therapeutic Molecule against Human Papillomavirus. Nutrients 2024, 16, 3073. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183073

AMA Style

Kaplan M, Baktıroğlu M, Kalkan AE, Canbolat AA, Lombardo M, Raposo A, de Brito Alves JL, Witkowska AM, Karav S. Lactoferrin: A Promising Therapeutic Molecule against Human Papillomavirus. Nutrients. 2024; 16(18):3073. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183073

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kaplan, Merve, Merve Baktıroğlu, Arda Erkan Kalkan, Ahmet Alperen Canbolat, Mauro Lombardo, António Raposo, José Luiz de Brito Alves, Anna Maria Witkowska, and Sercan Karav. 2024. "Lactoferrin: A Promising Therapeutic Molecule against Human Papillomavirus" Nutrients 16, no. 18: 3073. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183073

APA Style

Kaplan, M., Baktıroğlu, M., Kalkan, A. E., Canbolat, A. A., Lombardo, M., Raposo, A., de Brito Alves, J. L., Witkowska, A. M., & Karav, S. (2024). Lactoferrin: A Promising Therapeutic Molecule against Human Papillomavirus. Nutrients, 16(18), 3073. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183073

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