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Sustainability
Volume 18
Issue 2
10.3390/su18020655
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Article

Processor-in-the-Loop Validation of an Advanced Hybrid MPPT Controller for Sustainable Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Systems Under Real Climatic Conditions

by
Oumaima Echab
,
Noureddine Ech-Cherki
,
Omaima El Alani
,
Tourıa Gueddouch
,
Abdellatif Obbadi
,
Youssef Errami
* and
Smail Sahnoun
Laboratory Electronics, Instrumentation and Energy (LEIE), Faculty of Science, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida 24000, Morocco
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2026, 18(2), 655; https://doi.org/10.3390/su18020655
Submission received: 27 November 2025 / Revised: 29 December 2025 / Accepted: 5 January 2026 / Published: 8 January 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Electrical Engineering and PV Microgrids)
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Abstract

The global shift toward sustainable energy systems has led to an increased adoption of PV systems, driven by their enhanced performance and environmental benefits, including reduced carbon emissions. Improving the efficiency of Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Systems (GTPVS) is essential for guaranteeing reliable and sustainable renewable power integration. This research paper presents advanced hybrid Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) designed for GTPVS to maximize PV energy harvesting and support grid sustainability. The proposed technique combines Advanced Variable Step Size Incremental Conductance (AVIC) for reference voltage generation and an Integral Backstepping Control (IBC) to regulate the control of the step-up converter. This hybrid technique enables rapid convergence speed, reduces power losses, and enhances stability under fast-changing environmental conditions, Partial Shading Conditions (PSCs), and grid disturbances conditions. This MPPT is evaluated via the MATLAB/Simulink environment, version 2020b, and validated in real time using a Processor-in-the-Loop (PIL) setup on the eZdsp TMS320F28335 platform. Comparative analysis with benchmark methods confirms its superiority, with an average tracking performance of 99.57%, a response time of 0.02 s, and a Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of 0.69%, accompanied by negligible steady-state oscillations. These findings indicate the validity and sustainability of the AVIC-IBC MPPT for real-time GTPVS operating under realistic climatic conditions.
Keywords: fault grid; grid-tied PV system; incremental conductance; integral backstepping; MPPT; nonlinear control; partial shading conditions; PIL implementation; real irradiance conditions fault grid; grid-tied PV system; incremental conductance; integral backstepping; MPPT; nonlinear control; partial shading conditions; PIL implementation; real irradiance conditions

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MDPI and ACS Style

Echab, O.; Ech-Cherki, N.; El Alani, O.; Gueddouch, T.; Obbadi, A.; Errami, Y.; Sahnoun, S. Processor-in-the-Loop Validation of an Advanced Hybrid MPPT Controller for Sustainable Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Systems Under Real Climatic Conditions. Sustainability 2026, 18, 655. https://doi.org/10.3390/su18020655

AMA Style

Echab O, Ech-Cherki N, El Alani O, Gueddouch T, Obbadi A, Errami Y, Sahnoun S. Processor-in-the-Loop Validation of an Advanced Hybrid MPPT Controller for Sustainable Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Systems Under Real Climatic Conditions. Sustainability. 2026; 18(2):655. https://doi.org/10.3390/su18020655

Chicago/Turabian Style

Echab, Oumaima, Noureddine Ech-Cherki, Omaima El Alani, Tourıa Gueddouch, Abdellatif Obbadi, Youssef Errami, and Smail Sahnoun. 2026. "Processor-in-the-Loop Validation of an Advanced Hybrid MPPT Controller for Sustainable Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Systems Under Real Climatic Conditions" Sustainability 18, no. 2: 655. https://doi.org/10.3390/su18020655

APA Style

Echab, O., Ech-Cherki, N., El Alani, O., Gueddouch, T., Obbadi, A., Errami, Y., & Sahnoun, S. (2026). Processor-in-the-Loop Validation of an Advanced Hybrid MPPT Controller for Sustainable Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Systems Under Real Climatic Conditions. Sustainability, 18(2), 655. https://doi.org/10.3390/su18020655

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