The Effect of Co-Additives (Biochar and FGD Gypsum) on Ammonia Volatilization during the Composting of Livestock Waste
1
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
2
Research Unit for Natural Product Technology (BPTBA)—Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Yogyakarta 55861, Indonesia
3
Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong-Gu, Suwon 16227, Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2018, 10(3), 795; https://doi.org/10.3390/su10030795
Received: 5 February 2018 / Revised: 5 March 2018 / Accepted: 8 March 2018 / Published: 13 March 2018
(This article belongs to the Collection Organic Waste Management)
The effectiveness of co-additives for improving livestock waste composting (reduction of air pollution and conservation of nutrients) was investigated. Biochar and Flue gas desulphurization gypsum (FGD gypsum) were used to supplement the composting of a mixture of slaughter waste, swine slurry, and sawdust. Different compositions of additives (0% or 5% each, 10% biochar or FGD gypsum) were tested in triplicate on the laboratory scale. In addition, the effects of two different aeration schemes (continuous and intermittent) were also investigated. Ammonia volatilization, physicochemical characteristics, and compost maturity indices were investigated. The results indicated that the use of the co-additive (Biochar and FGD gypsum) during composting of livestock waste led to a reduction of ammonia volatilization by 26–59% and to a 6.7–7.9-fold increase of nitrate accumulation. The total ammonia volatilization of intermittent aeration treatment was lower than that of continuous aeration using co-additives treatment. It was concluded that co-additives (biochar and FGD gypsum) might be utilized in livestock waste composting to reduce ammonia volatilization and improve nutrient conservation.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Febrisiantosa, A.; Ravindran, B.; Choi, H.L. The Effect of Co-Additives (Biochar and FGD Gypsum) on Ammonia Volatilization during the Composting of Livestock Waste. Sustainability 2018, 10, 795. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10030795
AMA Style
Febrisiantosa A, Ravindran B, Choi HL. The Effect of Co-Additives (Biochar and FGD Gypsum) on Ammonia Volatilization during the Composting of Livestock Waste. Sustainability. 2018; 10(3):795. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10030795
Chicago/Turabian StyleFebrisiantosa, Andi, Balasubramani Ravindran, and Hong L. Choi 2018. "The Effect of Co-Additives (Biochar and FGD Gypsum) on Ammonia Volatilization during the Composting of Livestock Waste" Sustainability 10, no. 3: 795. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10030795
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