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Viruses
Volume 17
Issue 5
10.3390/v17050649
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Brief Report

Concurrent Circulation of Canine Distemper Virus (South America-4 Lineage) at the Wild–Domestic Canid Interface in Aburrá Valley, Colombia

by
Carolina Rios-Usuga
1,
Melissa C. Ortiz-Pineda
1,
Sergio Daniel Aguirre-Catolico
2,
Víctor H. Quiroz
3 and
Julian Ruiz-Saenz
1,*
1
Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales—GRICA, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia
2
Centro de Atención, Valoración y Rehabilitación del Área Metropolitana del Valle del Aburrá, Medellín 050001, Colombia
3
Independent Researcher, Medellín 050001, Colombia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2025, 17(5), 649; https://doi.org/10.3390/v17050649 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 7 April 2025 / Revised: 28 April 2025 / Accepted: 28 April 2025 / Published: 29 April 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Canine Distemper Virus)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Canine distemper virus (CDV) is the causative agent of a widespread infectious disease affecting both domestic and wild carnivores. Owing to its ability to cross species barriers and its high fatality rate in unvaccinated animals, CDV poses a significant conservation threat to endangered wildlife worldwide. To date, two distinct CDV lineages have been reported in Colombia, with cases documented separately in domestic dogs and wild peri-urban carnivores. This study aimed to detect and characterize the concurrent circulation of CDV in naturally infected domestic dogs and crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) from the same area in Colombia. Through molecular and phylogenetic analyses, we identified the South America/North America-4 lineage infecting both populations simultaneously. Our findings revealed high genetic variability, multiple virus reintroductions, and a close relationship with CDV strains previously detected in the United States. These results confirm the simultaneous circulation of CDV in the domestic and wildlife interface and underscore the urgent need for an integrated approach to CDV prevention and control involving both domestic and wildlife health interventions.
Keywords: canine distemper virus; interspecies transmission; crab-eating fox; phylogeny; Morbillivirus canine distemper virus; interspecies transmission; crab-eating fox; phylogeny; Morbillivirus

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MDPI and ACS Style

Rios-Usuga, C.; Ortiz-Pineda, M.C.; Aguirre-Catolico, S.D.; Quiroz, V.H.; Ruiz-Saenz, J. Concurrent Circulation of Canine Distemper Virus (South America-4 Lineage) at the Wild–Domestic Canid Interface in Aburrá Valley, Colombia. Viruses 2025, 17, 649. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17050649

AMA Style

Rios-Usuga C, Ortiz-Pineda MC, Aguirre-Catolico SD, Quiroz VH, Ruiz-Saenz J. Concurrent Circulation of Canine Distemper Virus (South America-4 Lineage) at the Wild–Domestic Canid Interface in Aburrá Valley, Colombia. Viruses. 2025; 17(5):649. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17050649

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rios-Usuga, Carolina, Melissa C. Ortiz-Pineda, Sergio Daniel Aguirre-Catolico, Víctor H. Quiroz, and Julian Ruiz-Saenz. 2025. "Concurrent Circulation of Canine Distemper Virus (South America-4 Lineage) at the Wild–Domestic Canid Interface in Aburrá Valley, Colombia" Viruses 17, no. 5: 649. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17050649

APA Style

Rios-Usuga, C., Ortiz-Pineda, M. C., Aguirre-Catolico, S. D., Quiroz, V. H., & Ruiz-Saenz, J. (2025). Concurrent Circulation of Canine Distemper Virus (South America-4 Lineage) at the Wild–Domestic Canid Interface in Aburrá Valley, Colombia. Viruses, 17(5), 649. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17050649

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