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Volume 17
Issue 6
10.3390/v17060781
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Epidemiological, Clinical, and Molecular Insights into Canine Distemper Virus in the Mekong Delta Region of Vietnam

by
Tien My Van
1,
Dao Thi Anh Tran
1,2,
Chien Tran Phuoc Nguyen
1,
Giang Truong Huynh
1,
Mong Thi Nhu Luu
1,
Trung Quang Le
1 and
Bich Ngoc Tran
1,*
1
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Can Tho University, Can Tho City 94000, Vietnam
2
Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Vinh Long University of Technology and Education, Vinh Long 85000, Vietnam
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Viruses 2025, 17(6), 781; https://doi.org/10.3390/v17060781
Submission received: 13 May 2025 / Revised: 26 May 2025 / Accepted: 28 May 2025 / Published: 29 May 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Canine Distemper Virus)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a highly contagious pathogen and causes a fatal systemic disease in domestic dogs and wild carnivores worldwide. Despite CDV infections being monitored globally, studies on CDV in Vietnam seem to be limited. This study, therefore, investigated the epidemiological, clinical, and molecular characteristics of CDV in the Mekong Delta (MD) region of Vietnam. A total of 6687 ocular/nasal swabs were collected from CDV-suspected dogs across seven cities/provinces. CDV infection was detected in 6.19% (414 dogs) of suspected dogs using a commercially available rapid kit, with infection associated with age, roaming status, and vaccination status. Hematological and blood biochemical analysis of CDV-infected dogs revealed anemia, leukopenia, neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia, a slight increase in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, and a significant increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. Molecular characterization of partial hemagglutinin (H) and fusion (F) genes exhibited high nucleotide and amino acid homology with the Asia-1 genotype. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the field sequences were clustered into the Asia-1 genotype together with the neighboring countries. These findings provide important insights into the current epidemiological, clinical, and molecular features of CDV circulating in Vietnam.
Keywords: canine distemper; dog; epidemiological characterization; F gene; genetic analyses; H gene; Mekong Delta canine distemper; dog; epidemiological characterization; F gene; genetic analyses; H gene; Mekong Delta

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MDPI and ACS Style

Van, T.M.; Tran, D.T.A.; Nguyen, C.T.P.; Huynh, G.T.; Luu, M.T.N.; Le, T.Q.; Tran, B.N. Epidemiological, Clinical, and Molecular Insights into Canine Distemper Virus in the Mekong Delta Region of Vietnam. Viruses 2025, 17, 781. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17060781

AMA Style

Van TM, Tran DTA, Nguyen CTP, Huynh GT, Luu MTN, Le TQ, Tran BN. Epidemiological, Clinical, and Molecular Insights into Canine Distemper Virus in the Mekong Delta Region of Vietnam. Viruses. 2025; 17(6):781. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17060781

Chicago/Turabian Style

Van, Tien My, Dao Thi Anh Tran, Chien Tran Phuoc Nguyen, Giang Truong Huynh, Mong Thi Nhu Luu, Trung Quang Le, and Bich Ngoc Tran. 2025. "Epidemiological, Clinical, and Molecular Insights into Canine Distemper Virus in the Mekong Delta Region of Vietnam" Viruses 17, no. 6: 781. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17060781

APA Style

Van, T. M., Tran, D. T. A., Nguyen, C. T. P., Huynh, G. T., Luu, M. T. N., Le, T. Q., & Tran, B. N. (2025). Epidemiological, Clinical, and Molecular Insights into Canine Distemper Virus in the Mekong Delta Region of Vietnam. Viruses, 17(6), 781. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17060781

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