Optimising Ambient Setting Bayer Derived Fly Ash Geopolymers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Materials
2.2. Synthesis
2.3. Characterisation
3. Results
3.1. Curing Temperature
3.2. Silica Fume Content
3.3. Ambient Curing
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Source of Bayer Liquor | Al2O3 (g/L) | NaOH (g/L) |
---|---|---|
Kwinana | 252.7 | 438.5 |
Wagerup | 228.4 | 449.1 |
Oxide | Collie | Muja |
---|---|---|
wt % | wt % | |
SiO2 | 49.9 (2) | 44.9 (2) |
Al2O3 | 24.8 (2) | 32.5 (2) |
Fe2O3 | 16.60 (4) | 10.6 (4) |
CaO | 1.8 (1) | 2.0 (1) |
K2O | 0.61 (8) | 0.69 (8) |
TiO2 | 1.36 (2) | 1.67 (3) |
MgO | 1.31 (6) | 1.44 (6) |
Na2O | 0.4 (1) | 0.6 (1) |
P2O5 | 1.52 (4) | 1.52 (4) |
SrO | 0.33 (1) | 0.22 (1) |
BaO | 0.45 (1) | 0.53 (1) |
Other (includes LOI) | 0.7 (1) | 3.33 (3) |
Si/Al (molar ratio) | 1.71 (1) | 1.17 (1) |
Mineral/Phase | Collie | Muja |
---|---|---|
wt % | wt % | |
Primary Quartz | 13 (1) | 5.9 (6) |
Secondary Quartz | 11.0 (2) | 4.9 (3) |
Hematite | 2.42 (8) | 1.13 (7) |
Magnetite | 2.0 (1) | 3.4 (3) |
Mullite | 14 (1) | 28 (1) |
Maghemite C | 6.6 (3) | – |
Amorphous | 51 (1) | 57 (1) |
Oxide | Collie | Muja |
---|---|---|
wt % | wt % | |
SiO2 | 21 (2) | 26 (2) |
Al2O3 | 15 (1) | 12 (1) |
sum of aluminosilicates | 36 (3) | 38.1 (4) |
Si/Al (molar ratio) | 1.2 | 1.8 |
Fly Ash/Fume | Surface Area (m2/cc) | d (10) (µm) | d (50) (µm) | d (80) (µm) | d (90) (µm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Collie | 1.01 | 2.7 | 16.0 | 49.3 | 81.9 |
Muja | 2.24 | 1.1 | 4.4 | 13.2 | 24.6 |
Silica Fume (SF98) | 18 | 0.3 | 0.5 | – | 0.8 |
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Jamieson, E.; Kealley, C.S.; Van Riessen, A.; Hart, R.D. Optimising Ambient Setting Bayer Derived Fly Ash Geopolymers. Materials 2016, 9, 392. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9050392
Jamieson E, Kealley CS, Van Riessen A, Hart RD. Optimising Ambient Setting Bayer Derived Fly Ash Geopolymers. Materials. 2016; 9(5):392. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9050392
Chicago/Turabian StyleJamieson, Evan, Catherine S. Kealley, Arie Van Riessen, and Robert D. Hart. 2016. "Optimising Ambient Setting Bayer Derived Fly Ash Geopolymers" Materials 9, no. 5: 392. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9050392