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Volume 18
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10.3390/ma18245496
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Article

Comprehensive Characterization of a Reference Ferroelectric Nematic Liquid Crystal Material

by
Ayusha Paul
1,
Milon Paul
2,
Manisha Badu
1,
Arjun Ghimire
1,
Netra Prasad Dhakal
2,
Samuel Sprunt
1,
Antal Jákli
1,2 and
James T. Gleeson
1,*
1
Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
2
Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2025, 18(24), 5496; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18245496
Submission received: 30 October 2025 / Revised: 26 November 2025 / Accepted: 3 December 2025 / Published: 6 December 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Soft Matter)
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Abstract

Among the recently developed ferroelectric nematic liquid crystals, FNLC-919, synthesized by Merck Electronics KGaA, stands out for its stable, room-temperature, ferroelectric nematic (NF) phase. This renders it a promising candidate for both fundamental research and device-level applications. In this study, we present a comprehensive experimental investigation of FNLC-919, focusing on its structural, optical, dielectric, and elastic properties in the paraelectric nematic (N) and the intermediate antiferroelectric phase (dubbed NX) that occur in a temperature range between the N and NF phases. Key material parameters such as ferroelectric polarization, viscosity, and nanostructure are characterized as functions of temperature in all mesophases, while the orientational elastic constants are determined only in the N and NX phases. Our findings are compared with prior results concerning the benchmark compound DIO that also exhibits the phase sequence N-NX-NF and reveals a smectic-like mass density wave coinciding with antiferroelectric ordering in the NX phase.
Keywords: liquid crystal; ferroelectric; smectic ZA; polarization; viscosity; dielectric constants; elastic constants; Freedericksz transition liquid crystal; ferroelectric; smectic ZA; polarization; viscosity; dielectric constants; elastic constants; Freedericksz transition

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MDPI and ACS Style

Paul, A.; Paul, M.; Badu, M.; Ghimire, A.; Dhakal, N.P.; Sprunt, S.; Jákli, A.; Gleeson, J.T. Comprehensive Characterization of a Reference Ferroelectric Nematic Liquid Crystal Material. Materials 2025, 18, 5496. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18245496

AMA Style

Paul A, Paul M, Badu M, Ghimire A, Dhakal NP, Sprunt S, Jákli A, Gleeson JT. Comprehensive Characterization of a Reference Ferroelectric Nematic Liquid Crystal Material. Materials. 2025; 18(24):5496. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18245496

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paul, Ayusha, Milon Paul, Manisha Badu, Arjun Ghimire, Netra Prasad Dhakal, Samuel Sprunt, Antal Jákli, and James T. Gleeson. 2025. "Comprehensive Characterization of a Reference Ferroelectric Nematic Liquid Crystal Material" Materials 18, no. 24: 5496. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18245496

APA Style

Paul, A., Paul, M., Badu, M., Ghimire, A., Dhakal, N. P., Sprunt, S., Jákli, A., & Gleeson, J. T. (2025). Comprehensive Characterization of a Reference Ferroelectric Nematic Liquid Crystal Material. Materials, 18(24), 5496. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18245496

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