A Study on Modified Bitumen with Metal Doped Nano-TiO2 Pillared Montmorillonite
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Synthesis of TiO2 and Metal Doped TiO2 Pillared Montmorillonite
2.3. Preparation of Modified Bitumen
2.4. Microscopic Tests of Samples
2.5. High Temperature Rheological Tests
2.6. Ultraviolet (UV) Aging Test
2.7. Degradation Test of Automobile Exhaust
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Microscopic Characterization of Samples
3.2. High Temperature Rheological Properties of Modified Bitumen
3.3. UV Aging of Modified Bitumen
3.4. Photocatalytic Degradation of Tail Gas Test
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- The interlayer spacing of Cu-T/M, Fe-T/M, and Ce-T/M was further expanded compared to that of MMT, indicating that Cu-T/M, Fe-T/M, and Ce-T/M were successfully synthesized.
- (2)
- The optical absorption edges of Cu-T/M, Fe-T/M, and Ce-T/M were red shift, and the UV absorption capacity was enhanced compared to that of T/M. Further, the absorption range of the metal doped modified bitumen was extended from UV to visible light, which improved the UV aging resistance and photocatalytic properties of the modified bitumen. The red shift of absorption edge of Cu-T/M is the most obvious, and the absorption range of ultraviolet is the most extensive.
- (3)
- After the three different dosage modifiers for Cu-T/M, Fe-T/M, and Ce-T/M were added to the bitumen, the G*/sinδ of the modified bitumen was significantly improved at different temperatures, while the δ decreased. The high temperature rheological properties of the three kinds of modified bitumen were optimal with the dosage of 5 wt %, and Ce-T/M features the best high temperature rheological properties among the three kinds of modified bitumen.
- (4)
- 5 wt % Ce-T/M modified bitumen had the lowest AI value at different temperatures in the temperature range of 40–70 °C, indicating the best UV aging resistance for the bitumen.
- (5)
- The degradation rate of NO and HC gas is obviously improved by doping with Cu, Ce, and Fe. The degradation order is: Cu-T/M > Ce-T/M > Fe-T/M > T/M. Cu-T/M exhibits the best excellent photocatalytic performance for HC and NO gases.
- (6)
- Only the degradation rate of modified bitumen at 25 °C was studied in this paper, and the effect of different environments on the degradation rate of modified bitumen was not considered. The next step will aim at studying the effects of different temperatures and humidity on the degradation rate of modified bitumen.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Properties | Limitation | Values |
---|---|---|
Penetration (25 °C, 100 g, 5 s), 1/10 mm | 60~80 | 68.2 |
Penetration index | −1.5~+1.0 | −1.06 |
Softening point, °C | ≥46 | 47.3 |
Ductility (15 °C, 5 cm/min), cm | ≥100 | >148 |
Dynamic viscosity (60 °C), Pa·s | ≥180 | 195 |
Density (15 °C), g/cm3 | — | 1.026 |
Sample Types | X-ray Diffraction (Powder) | UV-Vis Spectra (Powder) | High Temperature Rheological (Bitumen) | UV Aging (Bitumen) | Automobile Exhaust Degradation (Bitumen) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Original bitumen | √ | √ | |||
MMT | √ | √ | |||
T/M | √ | √ | √ | √ | |
Ce-T/M | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ |
Cu-T/M | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ |
Fe-T/M | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ |
Bitumen Types | Critical High Temperature | Temperature Change |
---|---|---|
Original bitumen | 65.37 °C | — |
5 wt % T/M | 70.29 °C | +4.92 °C |
4 wt % Ce-T/M | 73.81 °C | +8.44 °C |
5 wt % Ce-T/M | 78.08 °C | +12.71 °C |
6 wt % Ce-T/M | 71.39 °C | +6.02 °C |
4 wt % Cu-T/M | 69.06 °C | +3.69 °C |
5 wt % Cu-T/M | 73.05 °C | +7.68 °C |
6 wt % Cu-T/M | 67.54 °C | +2.17 °C |
4 wt % Fe-T/M | 66.02 °C | +0.65 °C |
5 wt % Fe-T/M | 67.25 °C | +1.88 °C |
6 wt % Fe-T/M | 66.80 °C | +1.43 °C |
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Jin, J.; Chen, B.; Liu, L.; Liu, R.; Qian, G.; Wei, H.; Zheng, J. A Study on Modified Bitumen with Metal Doped Nano-TiO2 Pillared Montmorillonite. Materials 2019, 12, 1910. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12121910
Jin J, Chen B, Liu L, Liu R, Qian G, Wei H, Zheng J. A Study on Modified Bitumen with Metal Doped Nano-TiO2 Pillared Montmorillonite. Materials. 2019; 12(12):1910. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12121910
Chicago/Turabian StyleJin, Jiao, Bozhen Chen, Lang Liu, Ruohua Liu, Guoping Qian, Hui Wei, and Jianlong Zheng. 2019. "A Study on Modified Bitumen with Metal Doped Nano-TiO2 Pillared Montmorillonite" Materials 12, no. 12: 1910. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12121910