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Volume 17
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Article

Performance Evaluation of Distance Relay Operation in Distribution Systems with Integrated Distributed Energy Resources

by
David R. Garibello-Narváez
1,
Eduardo Gómez-Luna
1 and
Juan C. Vasquez
2,*
1
Grupo de Investigación en Alta Tensión-GRALTA, Escuela de ingeniería Eléctrica y Electrónica Universidad del Valle, Cali 760015, Colombia
2
Center for Research on Microgrids (CROM), AAU Energy, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Energies 2024, 17(18), 4735; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17184735
Submission received: 21 August 2024 / Revised: 12 September 2024 / Accepted: 19 September 2024 / Published: 23 September 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Planning, Operation and Control of Microgrids: 2nd Edition)
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Abstract

This article presents the evaluation of the performance of the distance relay (ANSI function 21) when integrating Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) in a Local Distribution System (LDS). The aim is to understand the impacts of and the necessary modifications required in the operation of distance relays, considering different levels of DER aggregation, and identifying any threshold levels before issues arise. To achieve this, first, a comprehensive review was carried out to analyze the impacts generated in the protection systems. Second, by using the DigSilent Power Factory software, the implementation of the distance relay using a IEEE 13 Node Test Feeder was validated. The aggregation of the three fundamental types of DG, synchronous machines, solar panels, and wind turbines, was evaluated. The threshold at which distributed generation power injection begins to compromise distance protection performance was identified. This study compares the outcomes of using mho and quadrilateral protection schemes.
Keywords: distribution local system; distance relay; protection zones; distributed energy resources; distributed generation; thresholds distribution local system; distance relay; protection zones; distributed energy resources; distributed generation; thresholds

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MDPI and ACS Style

Garibello-Narváez, D.R.; Gómez-Luna, E.; Vasquez, J.C. Performance Evaluation of Distance Relay Operation in Distribution Systems with Integrated Distributed Energy Resources. Energies 2024, 17, 4735. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17184735

AMA Style

Garibello-Narváez DR, Gómez-Luna E, Vasquez JC. Performance Evaluation of Distance Relay Operation in Distribution Systems with Integrated Distributed Energy Resources. Energies. 2024; 17(18):4735. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17184735

Chicago/Turabian Style

Garibello-Narváez, David R., Eduardo Gómez-Luna, and Juan C. Vasquez. 2024. "Performance Evaluation of Distance Relay Operation in Distribution Systems with Integrated Distributed Energy Resources" Energies 17, no. 18: 4735. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17184735

APA Style

Garibello-Narváez, D. R., Gómez-Luna, E., & Vasquez, J. C. (2024). Performance Evaluation of Distance Relay Operation in Distribution Systems with Integrated Distributed Energy Resources. Energies, 17(18), 4735. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17184735

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