New Biomarkers of Hymenoptera Venom Allergy in a Group of Inflammation Factors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Groups and Serum Samples
2.2. Measurement of Inflammation Panel
2.3. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Alterations in Serum Concentration of Inflammatory Factors in Hymenoptera Venom Allergy
3.2. Usefulness of Inflammation Factors in Diagnosis of Hymenoptera Venom Allergy
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics of the Participants | Study Group | Control Group |
---|---|---|
No. of subjects | 21 | 42 |
Sex | ||
Male | 12 (57.1%) | 26 (61.9%) |
Female | 9 (42.9%) | 16 (38.1%) |
Age | ||
Median | 36 | 54 |
Mean | 37 | 44 |
Range | 7–67 | 3–74 |
Comorbidities | ||
Diabetes | 0 | 2 |
Atopic dermatitis | 1 | 0 |
Allergic rhinitis | 3 | 0 |
Asthma | 2 | 2 |
Hypertension | 2 | 5 |
Atherosclerosis | 1 | 1 |
Unstable angina | 0 | 1 |
Medications | 9 | 11 |
Beekeepers | 14 (67%) | 16 (38%) |
Working period | 6 years | 28 years |
No. of days in the apiary during the beekeeping season/week | 2.2 | 2.7 |
Stings/day | 3 | 4 |
Inflammation Marker | Allergy Group | Control Group | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median | Mean | SD | Median | Mean | SD | |
APRIL/TNFSF13 | 26,517.5 | 25,487.8 | 16,344.1 | 17,305.0 | 24,700.7 | 21,523.6 |
BAFF/TNFSF13B | 8451.2 | 8882.3 | 2076.4 | 8711.2 | 9095.3 | 2857.9 |
sCD30/TNFRSF8 | 482.2 | 735.1 | 611.7 | 907.2 | 1051.6 | 675.8 |
sCD163 | 152,431.4 | 156,666.3 | 37,598.5 | 145,661.2 | 163,804.5 | 60,273.9 |
Chitinase 3-like 1 | 7308.5 | 8537.5 | 3371.8 | 8727.9 | 9334.5 | 4573.4 |
gp130/sIL-6Rbeta | 54,221.1 | 57,332.8 | 12,140.3 | 58,621.7 | 60,935.2 | 17,034.5 |
sIL-6Ralfa | 13,706.5 | 13,199.5 | 3246.8 | 12,583.9 | 12,843.0 | 4144.3 |
IL-19 | 56.7 | 58.9 | 9.7 | 57.9 | 59.7 | 15.9 |
IL-26 | 59.6 | 69.0 | 25.8 | 70.6 | 77.1 | 34.3 |
MMP-1 | 1196.9 | 2091.3 | 2034.2 | 1361.2 | 2097.2 | 2703.7 |
MMP-2 | 24,149.6 | 26,313.3 | 12,881.0 | 26,794.6 | 30,788.1 | 20,011.1 |
MMP-3 | 5943.1 | 7032.5 | 5131.3 | 3251.1 | 5248.7 | 4970.4 |
Osteocalcin | 3997.2 | 7244.4 | 7706.6 | 6967.8 | 10,220.4 | 8319.0 |
Osteopontin | 15,388.0 | 21,273.0 | 16,831.9 | 24,705.8 | 26,392.9 | 15,668.4 |
Pentraxin-3 | 720.0 | 856.8 | 459.2 | 829.1 | 1069.2 | 698.0 |
sTNF-R1 | 3185.3 | 3176.3 | 843.0 | 3670.8 | 3860.8 | 1336.4 |
sTNF-R2 | 3904.9 | 4384.9 | 1567.3 | 5167.0 | 5750.7 | 3009.7 |
TSLP | 19.7 | 19.0 | 4.2 | 17.3 | 19.5 | 6.0 |
TWEAK/TNFSF12 | 442.9 | 485.1 | 126.8 | 459.8 | 514.4 | 185.1 |
Inflammation Marker | p Value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shapiro–Wilk Test | Mann–Whitney U Test | Student’s t-Test | Welch Test | ||
Allergy Group | Control Group | ||||
APRIL/TNFSF13 | 0.0970 | <0.0001 | 0.488754 | ||
BAFF/TNFSF13B | 0.0033 | 0.1595 | 0.890011 | ||
sCD30/TNFRSF8 | 0.0001 | 0.0002 | 0.014876 | ||
sCD163 | 0.7636 | 0.0004 | 0.738166 | ||
Chitinase 3-like 1 | 0.2398 | 0.0101 | 0.644653 | ||
gp130/sIL-6Rbeta | 0.1245 | 0.0260 | 0.309224 | ||
sIL-6Ralfa | 0.6361 | 0.6943 | 0.7241 | ||
IL-19 | 0.1561 | 0.7654 | 0.7939 * | ||
IL-26 | 0.0008 | 0.0109 | 0.496046 | ||
MMP-1 | 0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.556371 | ||
MMP-2 | 0.0021 | <0.0001 | 0.556371 | ||
MMP-3 | 0.0143 | 0.0001 | 0.077366 | ||
Osteocalcin | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.083497 | ||
Osteopontin | 0.0007 | 0.0062 | 0.1379 | ||
Pentraxin-3 | 0.0022 | <0.0001 | 0.262069 | ||
sTNF-R1 | 0.4389 | 0.0108 | 0.046427 | ||
sTNF-R2 | 0.2228 | 0.0033 | 0.11198 | ||
TSLP | 0.0834 | 0.0001 | 0.8177 | ||
TWEAK/TNFSF12 | 0.0055 | 0.0482 | 0.556371 |
Inflammation Marker | Study vs. Control Group | |
---|---|---|
p-Value | AUC | |
sCD30/TNFRSF8 | 0.0135 | 0.68 |
sTNF-R1 | 0.0258 | 0.65 |
MMP-3 | 0.0468 | 0.63 |
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Packi, K.; Matysiak, J.; Matuszewska, E.; Bręborowicz, A.; Kycler, Z.; Matysiak, J. New Biomarkers of Hymenoptera Venom Allergy in a Group of Inflammation Factors. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 4011. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084011
Packi K, Matysiak J, Matuszewska E, Bręborowicz A, Kycler Z, Matysiak J. New Biomarkers of Hymenoptera Venom Allergy in a Group of Inflammation Factors. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(8):4011. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084011
Chicago/Turabian StylePacki, Kacper, Joanna Matysiak, Eliza Matuszewska, Anna Bręborowicz, Zdzisława Kycler, and Jan Matysiak. 2021. "New Biomarkers of Hymenoptera Venom Allergy in a Group of Inflammation Factors" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8: 4011. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084011