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Pharmaceuticals
Volume 14
Issue 4
10.3390/ph14040374
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Article

The Comparison of In Vitro Photosensitizing Efficacy of Curcumin-Loaded Liposomes Following Photodynamic Therapy on Melanoma MUG-Mel2, Squamous Cell Carcinoma SCC-25, and Normal Keratinocyte HaCaT Cells

by
Marta Woźniak
1,*,
Martyna Nowak
1,
Anastasiia Lazebna
2,
Kamil Więcek
2,
Izabella Jabłońska
1,
Krzysztof Szpadel
1,
Aleksandra Grzeszczak
3,
Jerzy Gubernator
3,* and
Piotr Ziółkowski
1
1
Department of Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
2
Department of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
3
Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14(4), 374; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14040374
Submission received: 30 March 2021 / Revised: 14 April 2021 / Accepted: 15 April 2021 / Published: 17 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photodynamic Therapy 2021)
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Abstract

The research focused on the investigation of curcumin encapsulated in hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine liposomes and its increased photoactive properties in photodynamic therapy (PDT). The goal of this study was two-fold: to emphasize the role of a natural photoactive plant-based derivative in the liposomal formulation as an easily bioavailable, alternative photosensitizer (PS) for the use in PDT of skin malignancies. Furthermore, the goal includes to prove the decreased cytotoxicity of phototoxic agents loaded in liposomes toward normal skin cells. Research was conducted on melanoma (MugMel2), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC-25), and normal human keratinocytes (HaCaT) cell lines. The assessment of viability with MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) evaluated cell death after exposure to blue light irradiation after 4 h of pre-incubation with free and encapsulated curcumin. Additionally, the wound healing assay, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry to detect apoptosis were performed. The malignant cells revealed increased phototoxicity after the therapy in comparison to normal cells. Moreover, liposome curcumin-based photodynamic therapy showed an increased ratio of apoptotic and necrotic cells. The study also demonstrated that nanocurcumin significantly decreased malignant cell motility following PDT treatment. Acquired results suggest that liposomal formulation of a poor soluble natural compound may improve photosensitizing properties of curcumin-mediated PDT treatment in skin cancers and reduce toxicity in normal keratinocytes.
Keywords: curcumin; natural photosensitizer; photodynamic therapy; skin cancer treatment; squamous cell carcinoma; melanoma; normal keratinocytes; liposomes curcumin; natural photosensitizer; photodynamic therapy; skin cancer treatment; squamous cell carcinoma; melanoma; normal keratinocytes; liposomes

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MDPI and ACS Style

Woźniak, M.; Nowak, M.; Lazebna, A.; Więcek, K.; Jabłońska, I.; Szpadel, K.; Grzeszczak, A.; Gubernator, J.; Ziółkowski, P. The Comparison of In Vitro Photosensitizing Efficacy of Curcumin-Loaded Liposomes Following Photodynamic Therapy on Melanoma MUG-Mel2, Squamous Cell Carcinoma SCC-25, and Normal Keratinocyte HaCaT Cells. Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14, 374. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14040374

AMA Style

Woźniak M, Nowak M, Lazebna A, Więcek K, Jabłońska I, Szpadel K, Grzeszczak A, Gubernator J, Ziółkowski P. The Comparison of In Vitro Photosensitizing Efficacy of Curcumin-Loaded Liposomes Following Photodynamic Therapy on Melanoma MUG-Mel2, Squamous Cell Carcinoma SCC-25, and Normal Keratinocyte HaCaT Cells. Pharmaceuticals. 2021; 14(4):374. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14040374

Chicago/Turabian Style

Woźniak, Marta, Martyna Nowak, Anastasiia Lazebna, Kamil Więcek, Izabella Jabłońska, Krzysztof Szpadel, Aleksandra Grzeszczak, Jerzy Gubernator, and Piotr Ziółkowski. 2021. "The Comparison of In Vitro Photosensitizing Efficacy of Curcumin-Loaded Liposomes Following Photodynamic Therapy on Melanoma MUG-Mel2, Squamous Cell Carcinoma SCC-25, and Normal Keratinocyte HaCaT Cells" Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 4: 374. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14040374

APA Style

Woźniak, M., Nowak, M., Lazebna, A., Więcek, K., Jabłońska, I., Szpadel, K., Grzeszczak, A., Gubernator, J., & Ziółkowski, P. (2021). The Comparison of In Vitro Photosensitizing Efficacy of Curcumin-Loaded Liposomes Following Photodynamic Therapy on Melanoma MUG-Mel2, Squamous Cell Carcinoma SCC-25, and Normal Keratinocyte HaCaT Cells. Pharmaceuticals, 14(4), 374. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14040374

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