Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network
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Department of Computer Science and IT, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
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Malaysian Institute of Information Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur 50250, Malaysia
3
Department of Computer Systems Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Abdallah Makhoul
Sensors 2021, 21(9), 3000; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21093000
Received: 12 February 2021
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Revised: 3 April 2021
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Accepted: 6 April 2021
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Published: 25 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Collection Underwater Sensor Networks and Internet of Underwater Things)
A significant increase has been observed in the use of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) over the last few decades. However, there exist several associated challenges with UWSNs, mainly due to the nodes’ mobility, increased propagation delay, limited bandwidth, packet duplication, void holes, and Doppler/multi-path effects. To address these challenges, we propose a protocol named “An Efficient Routing Protocol based on Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (ERPMSA-UWSN)” that significantly contributes to optimizing energy consumption and data packet’s long-term survival. We adopt an innovative approach based on the master–slave architecture, which results in limiting the forwarders of the data packet by restricting the transmission through master nodes only. In this protocol, we suppress nodes from data packet reception except the master nodes. We perform extensive simulation and demonstrate that our proposed protocol is delay-tolerant and energy-efficient. We achieve an improvement of 13% on energy tax and 4.8% on Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), over the state-of-the-art protocol.
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Keywords:
underwater wireless sensor networks; energy optimization; packet duplication; master–slave architecture; depth-based routing
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MDPI and ACS Style
Jan, S.; Yafi, E.; Hafeez, A.; Khatana, H.W.; Hussain, S.; Akhtar, R.; Wadud, Z. Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network. Sensors 2021, 21, 3000. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21093000
AMA Style
Jan S, Yafi E, Hafeez A, Khatana HW, Hussain S, Akhtar R, Wadud Z. Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network. Sensors. 2021; 21(9):3000. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21093000
Chicago/Turabian StyleJan, Sadeeq, Eiad Yafi, Abdul Hafeez, Hamza W. Khatana, Sajid Hussain, Rohail Akhtar, and Zahid Wadud. 2021. "Investigating Master–Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network" Sensors 21, no. 9: 3000. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21093000
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