Ruthenium(II) Complex-Based Tetradentate Schiff Bases: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Investigations

Es-Sounni, Bouchra; Harboul, Kaoutar; Mouhib, Ayoub; Alanazi, Ashwag S.; Hefnawy, Mohamed; Bakhouch, Mohamed; Benali, Taoufiq; Hammani, Khalil; Mazoir, Noureddine; El Yazidi, Mohamed; Benharref, Ahmed; Fahim, Mohammed

doi:10.3390/ijms25147879

Open AccessArticle

Ruthenium(II) Complex-Based Tetradentate Schiff Bases: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Investigations

by

Bouchra Es-Sounni

¹,

Kaoutar Harboul

²,

Ayoub Mouhib

³,

Ashwag S. Alanazi

⁴

,

Mohamed Hefnawy

⁵,

Mohamed Bakhouch

^3,*

,

Taoufiq Benali

^2,6

,

Khalil Hammani

²,

Noureddine Mazoir

³

,

Mohamed El Yazidi

⁷

,

Ahmed Benharref

⁸ and

Mohammed Fahim

¹

Laboratory of Innovative Materials and Biotechnology of Naturel Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50000, Morocco

²

Laboratory of Natural Resources and Environment, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taza, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University of Fez, Taza 30050, Morocco

³

Bioorganic Chemistry Team, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaïb Doukkali University, El Jadida 24000, Morocco

⁴

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 1167, Saudi Arabia

⁵

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

⁶

Environment and Health Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Safi, Cadi Ayyad University, Safi 46000, Morocco

⁷

Engineering Laboratory of Organometallic and Molecular Materials and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez 30000, Morocco

⁸

Laboratory of Natural Substances Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(14), 7879; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147879

Submission received: 1 June 2024 / Revised: 15 July 2024 / Accepted: 17 July 2024 / Published: 18 July 2024

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Coordination Chemistry of Metal Complexes Based on Schiff Base Ligands: Structure-Property Relationships and Applications, 2nd Edition)

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Abstract

In this work, we describe the synthesis of novel Ruthenium (II) complex-based salen Schiff bases. The obtained Ruthenium (II) complexes are characterized using usual spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques, viz., IR, UV-Vis, NMR (¹H and ¹³C), powder X-ray diffraction, and HRMS. Further techniques, such as DTA-TGA and elemental analysis, are used to well establish the structure of the obtained complexes. Octahedral geometries are tentatively proposed for the new Ru(II) complexes. The measured molar conductance for the Ruthenium (II) complexes shows their electrolytic nature (4.24–4.44 S/m). The new Ru(II) complexes are evaluated for their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The DPPH radical scavenging, FRAP, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays show that the obtained complexes are more potent than the used positive control. They also exhibit promising antibacterial responses against pathogen bacteria: [RuH₂L³Cl₂] exhibits an important inhibition against Bacillus subtilis DSM 6633, with an inhibition zone of 21 ± 1.41 mm with an MIC value of 0.39 mg/mL, and Proteus mirabilis INH, with 16.50 ± 0.70 mm and an MIC value of 0.78 mg/mL, while [RuH₂L²Cl₂] exerts interesting antibacterial effects versus Bacillus subtilis DSM 6633 (21 ± 1.41 mm) and Proteus mirabilis INH (25.5 ± 0.70 mm) with equal MIC values of 0.97 mg/mL.

Keywords: salen Schiff bases; Ru(II) complexes; spectroscopy; antioxidant; antibacterial

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MDPI and ACS Style

Es-Sounni, B.; Harboul, K.; Mouhib, A.; Alanazi, A.S.; Hefnawy, M.; Bakhouch, M.; Benali, T.; Hammani, K.; Mazoir, N.; El Yazidi, M.; et al. Ruthenium(II) Complex-Based Tetradentate Schiff Bases: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Investigations. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 7879. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147879

AMA Style

Es-Sounni B, Harboul K, Mouhib A, Alanazi AS, Hefnawy M, Bakhouch M, Benali T, Hammani K, Mazoir N, El Yazidi M, et al. Ruthenium(II) Complex-Based Tetradentate Schiff Bases: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Investigations. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(14):7879. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147879

Chicago/Turabian Style

Es-Sounni, Bouchra, Kaoutar Harboul, Ayoub Mouhib, Ashwag S. Alanazi, Mohamed Hefnawy, Mohamed Bakhouch, Taoufiq Benali, Khalil Hammani, Noureddine Mazoir, Mohamed El Yazidi, and et al. 2024. "Ruthenium(II) Complex-Based Tetradentate Schiff Bases: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Investigations" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 14: 7879. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147879

APA Style

Es-Sounni, B., Harboul, K., Mouhib, A., Alanazi, A. S., Hefnawy, M., Bakhouch, M., Benali, T., Hammani, K., Mazoir, N., El Yazidi, M., Benharref, A., & Fahim, M. (2024). Ruthenium(II) Complex-Based Tetradentate Schiff Bases: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Investigations. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(14), 7879. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147879

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Ruthenium(II) Complex-Based Tetradentate Schiff Bases: Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Investigations

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