Electrophoretic Deposition of Copper(II)–Chitosan Complexes for Antibacterial Coatings
1
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr.6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
2
Institute of Physics of Materials ASCR, CEITEC IPM, Žižkova 22, 61662 Brno, Czech Republic
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(7), 2637; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072637
Received: 10 March 2020 / Revised: 3 April 2020 / Accepted: 6 April 2020 / Published: 10 April 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chitosan Functionalizations, Formulations and Composites)
Bacterial infection associated with medical implants is a major threat to healthcare. This work reports the fabrication of Copper(II)–Chitosan (Cu(II)–CS) complex coatings deposited by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) as potential antibacterial candidate to combat microorganisms to reduce implant related infections. The successful deposition of Cu(II)–CS complex coatings on stainless steel was confirmed by physicochemical characterizations. Morphological and elemental analyses by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy verified the uniform distribution of copper in the Chitosan (CS) matrix. Moreover, homogeneous coatings without precipitation of metallic copper were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy and SEM micrographs. Controlled swelling behavior depicted the chelation of copper with polysaccharide chains that is key to the stability of Cu(II)–CS coatings. All investigated systems exhibited stable degradation rate in phosphate buffered saline (PBS)–lysozyme solution within seven days of incubation. The coatings presented higher mechanical properties with the increase in Cu(II) concentration. The crack-free coatings showed mildly hydrophobic behavior. Antibacterial assays were performed using both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Outstanding antibacterial properties of the coatings were confirmed. After 24 h of incubation, cell studies of coatings confirms that up to a certain threshold concentration of Cu(II) were not cytotoxic to human osteoblast-like cells. Overall, our results show that uniform and homogeneous Cu(II)–CS coatings with good antibacterial and enhanced mechanical stability could be successfully deposited by EPD. Such antibiotic-free antibacterial coatings are potential candidates for biomedical implants.
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Keywords:
chitosan; complexes; copper; electrophoretic deposition; antibacterial; coatings
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MDPI and ACS Style
Akhtar, M.A.; Ilyas, K.; Dlouhý, I.; Siska, F.; Boccaccini, A.R. Electrophoretic Deposition of Copper(II)–Chitosan Complexes for Antibacterial Coatings. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 2637. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072637
AMA Style
Akhtar MA, Ilyas K, Dlouhý I, Siska F, Boccaccini AR. Electrophoretic Deposition of Copper(II)–Chitosan Complexes for Antibacterial Coatings. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(7):2637. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072637
Chicago/Turabian StyleAkhtar, Muhammad A.; Ilyas, Kanwal; Dlouhý, Ivo; Siska, Filip; Boccaccini, Aldo R. 2020. "Electrophoretic Deposition of Copper(II)–Chitosan Complexes for Antibacterial Coatings" Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21, no. 7: 2637. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21072637
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