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Review

The Weight of IgA Anti-β2glycoprotein I in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome Pathogenesis: Closing the Gap of Seronegative Antiphospholipid Syndrome

by
Oscar Cabrera-Marante
1,2,
Edgard Rodríguez de Frías
1,2,
Manuel Serrano
3,
Fernando Lozano Morillo
4,
Laura Naranjo
1,2,
Francisco J. Gil-Etayo
1,2,
Estela Paz-Artal
1,2,
Daniel E. Pleguezuelo
1,2 and
Antonio Serrano
1,2,*
1
Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Av. de Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
2
Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Av. de Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain
3
Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Calle del Prof. Martín Lagos, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
4
Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Calle del Prof. Martín Lagos, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(23), 8972; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238972
Submission received: 30 September 2020 / Revised: 20 November 2020 / Accepted: 23 November 2020 / Published: 26 November 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanism and Pathogenesis of Antiphospholipid Syndrome)
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Abstract

The specific value of IgA Anti-β2glycoprotein I antibodies (aB2GP1) in the diagnosis and management of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is still controversial and a matter of active debate. The relevance of the IgA aB2GP1 isotype in the pathophysiology of APS has been increasingly studied in the last years. There is well know that subjects with multiple positive APS tests are at increased risk of thrombosis and/or miscarriage. However, these antibodies are not included in the 2006 APS classification criteria. Since 2010 the task force of the Galveston International Congress on APS recommends testing IgA aB2GP1 isotype in patients with APS clinical criteria in the absence of criteria antibodies. In this review, we summarize the molecular and clinical “state of the art” of the IgA aB2GP in the context of APS. We also discuss some of the characteristics that may help to evaluate the real value of the IgA aB2GP1 determination in basic research and clinical practice. The scientific community should be aware of the importance of clarifying the role of IgA aB2GP1 in the APS diagnosis.
Keywords: antiphospholipid syndrome; antiphospholipid antibodies; non-criteria; thrombosis; recurrent pregnancy loss; stroke; domain of Beta 2 Glycoprotein I antibodies; immunology antiphospholipid syndrome; antiphospholipid antibodies; non-criteria; thrombosis; recurrent pregnancy loss; stroke; domain of Beta 2 Glycoprotein I antibodies; immunology

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cabrera-Marante, O.; Rodríguez de Frías, E.; Serrano, M.; Lozano Morillo, F.; Naranjo, L.; Gil-Etayo, F.J.; Paz-Artal, E.; Pleguezuelo, D.E.; Serrano, A. The Weight of IgA Anti-β2glycoprotein I in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome Pathogenesis: Closing the Gap of Seronegative Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 8972. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238972

AMA Style

Cabrera-Marante O, Rodríguez de Frías E, Serrano M, Lozano Morillo F, Naranjo L, Gil-Etayo FJ, Paz-Artal E, Pleguezuelo DE, Serrano A. The Weight of IgA Anti-β2glycoprotein I in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome Pathogenesis: Closing the Gap of Seronegative Antiphospholipid Syndrome. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(23):8972. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238972

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cabrera-Marante, Oscar, Edgard Rodríguez de Frías, Manuel Serrano, Fernando Lozano Morillo, Laura Naranjo, Francisco J. Gil-Etayo, Estela Paz-Artal, Daniel E. Pleguezuelo, and Antonio Serrano. 2020. "The Weight of IgA Anti-β2glycoprotein I in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome Pathogenesis: Closing the Gap of Seronegative Antiphospholipid Syndrome" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 23: 8972. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238972

APA Style

Cabrera-Marante, O., Rodríguez de Frías, E., Serrano, M., Lozano Morillo, F., Naranjo, L., Gil-Etayo, F. J., Paz-Artal, E., Pleguezuelo, D. E., & Serrano, A. (2020). The Weight of IgA Anti-β2glycoprotein I in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome Pathogenesis: Closing the Gap of Seronegative Antiphospholipid Syndrome. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(23), 8972. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238972

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