Activating Hippo Pathway via Rassf1 by Ursolic Acid Suppresses the Tumorigenesis of Gastric Cancer
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Cell Proliferation Inhibition by UA in Gastric Cancer Cells
2.2. Inhibitory Effect of UA on Colony Formation in Gastric Cancer Cells
2.3. Induction of Apoptosis by UA in Gastric Cancer Cells
2.4. Inhibitory Effect of UA on Migration in Gastric Cancer Cells
2.5. Inhibitory Effect of UA on Invasiveness in Gastric Cancer Cells
2.6. Gene Expression of the Hippo Pathway by UA in Gastric Cancer Cells
2.7. Activation of Hippo Signaling Pathway by UA in Gastric Cancer Cells
2.8. Inhibitory effect of UA on Tumor Growth in Xenograft Animal
2.9. Activation of the Hippo Signaling Pathway by UA in the Tumor Tissues of Xenograft Animals
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Cell Culture and Reagents
4.2. Cell Proliferation Assay
4.3. Western Blot Analysis
4.4. Soft Agar Colony Formation
4.5. Matrigel Invasion Assay
4.6. Wound Healing Assay
4.7. Microarray Experiment and Data Analysis
4.8. Cell Cycle Analysis
4.9. FITC Annexin V Staining
4.10. siRNA Transfection
4.11. RNA Isolation and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
4.12. In vivo Xenograft Animal Study
4.13. Histopathological Analysis
4.14. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Kim, S.-H.; Jin, H.; Meng, R.Y.; Kim, D.-Y.; Liu, Y.C.; Chai, O.H.; Park, B.H.; Kim, S.M. Activating Hippo Pathway via Rassf1 by Ursolic Acid Suppresses the Tumorigenesis of Gastric Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019, 20, 4709. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20194709
Kim S-H, Jin H, Meng RY, Kim D-Y, Liu YC, Chai OH, Park BH, Kim SM. Activating Hippo Pathway via Rassf1 by Ursolic Acid Suppresses the Tumorigenesis of Gastric Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20(19):4709. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20194709
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Seong-Hun, Hua Jin, Ruo Yu Meng, Da-Yeah Kim, Yu Chuan Liu, Ok Hee Chai, Byung Hyun Park, and Soo Mi Kim. 2019. "Activating Hippo Pathway via Rassf1 by Ursolic Acid Suppresses the Tumorigenesis of Gastric Cancer" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 19: 4709. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20194709