Activated Rho GTPases in Cancer—The Beginning of a New Paradigm
Rudbeck Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala University, SE 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19(12), 3949; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123949
Received: 6 November 2018
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Revised: 30 November 2018
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Accepted: 5 December 2018
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Published: 8 December 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Small GTPases)
Involvement of Rho GTPases in cancer has been a matter of debate since the identification of the first members of this branch of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases. The Rho GTPases were ascribed important roles in the cell, although these were restricted to regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics, cell morphogenesis, and cell locomotion, with initially no clear indications of direct involvement in cancer progression. This paradigm has been challenged by numerous observations that Rho-regulated pathways are often dysregulated in cancers. More recently, identification of point mutants in the Rho GTPases Rac1, RhoA, and Cdc42 in human tumors has finally given rise to a new paradigm, and we can now state with confidence that Rho GTPases serve as oncogenes in several human cancers. This article provides an exposé of current knowledge of the roles of activated Rho GTPases in cancers.
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Keywords:
Rho GTPases; atypical Rho GTPases; oncogenes; actin; stress fibers; cell migration
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MDPI and ACS Style
Aspenström, P. Activated Rho GTPases in Cancer—The Beginning of a New Paradigm. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 3949. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123949
AMA Style
Aspenström P. Activated Rho GTPases in Cancer—The Beginning of a New Paradigm. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(12):3949. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123949
Chicago/Turabian StyleAspenström, Pontus. 2018. "Activated Rho GTPases in Cancer—The Beginning of a New Paradigm" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 12: 3949. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123949
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