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Volume 19
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10.3390/ijms19123892
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Article

Distinct Patterns of PPARγ Promoter Usage, Lipid Degradation Activity, and Gene Expression in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Lean and Obese Swine

by
Bin Song
1,2,†,
Shengwei Di
1,†,
Shiquan Cui
1,
Na Chen
3,
Huan Wang
4,
Xuan Wang
3,5,
Qian Gao
3,
Guizhi Tong
2,
Hongbao Wang
2,
Xuankai Huang
1,2,
Liyan Ding
2,
Ying Gao
3,
Jun Liu
1,3,* and
Xibiao Wang
1,*
1
The Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai St, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, China
2
Animal Science Institute of Heilongjiang Province, 2 Heyi St, Longsha District, Qiqihaer 161005, China
3
National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
4
Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
5
Department of Biological Sciences, Xian Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to the article.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19(12), 3892; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123892
Received: 6 November 2018 / Revised: 3 December 2018 / Accepted: 3 December 2018 / Published: 5 December 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transcriptional Regulation in Lipid Metabolism)
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Abstract

Subcutaneous adipose tissue is a loose connective tissue specializing in the regulation of energy storage and metabolization. In domesticated pigs (Sus scrofa), the temporal development of subcutaneous adipose tissue is critical for meat production. However, the regulation of adipose tissue development remains unclear. Here, the subcutaneous adipose tissue development was characterized and compared in lean (Danish-Landrace) and obese (Min) pigs at juvenile and the juvenile-to-adult growth stages. Using RNA sequencing, we profiled the transcriptome of subcutaneous adipose tissue isolated from 4- and 16-week-old pigs and identified 24,718 expressed transcription units. Of them, 6327 genes were differentially expressed between the breeds and/or developmental stages. Compared with obese pigs, upregulated genes in lean pigs showed significant function and pathway enrichment in fatty acid degradation and mitochondrial functions. Further analysis uncovered the distinct usage preferences of the three alternative peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) promoters associated with the development of subcutaneous adipose tissue in both breeds. Transcriptome analysis of subcutaneous adipose tissue in lean and obese pigs suggested that marker-assisted selection of fatty acid degradation and PPARγ signaling pathways could be important directions for future pork quality improvement and modern breeding. View Full-Text
Keywords: pig; subcutaneous adipose tissue; transcriptome; fatty acid degradation; PPARγ pig; subcutaneous adipose tissue; transcriptome; fatty acid degradation; PPARγ
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

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MDPI and ACS Style

Song, B.; Di, S.; Cui, S.; Chen, N.; Wang, H.; Wang, X.; Gao, Q.; Tong, G.; Wang, H.; Huang, X.; Ding, L.; Gao, Y.; Liu, J.; Wang, X. Distinct Patterns of PPARγ Promoter Usage, Lipid Degradation Activity, and Gene Expression in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Lean and Obese Swine. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 3892. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123892

AMA Style

Song B, Di S, Cui S, Chen N, Wang H, Wang X, Gao Q, Tong G, Wang H, Huang X, Ding L, Gao Y, Liu J, Wang X. Distinct Patterns of PPARγ Promoter Usage, Lipid Degradation Activity, and Gene Expression in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Lean and Obese Swine. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(12):3892. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123892

Chicago/Turabian Style

Song, Bin, Shengwei Di, Shiquan Cui, Na Chen, Huan Wang, Xuan Wang, Qian Gao, Guizhi Tong, Hongbao Wang, Xuankai Huang, Liyan Ding, Ying Gao, Jun Liu, and Xibiao Wang. 2018. "Distinct Patterns of PPARγ Promoter Usage, Lipid Degradation Activity, and Gene Expression in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Lean and Obese Swine" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 12: 3892. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123892

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