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Article

Two Ferulic Acid Derivatives Inhibit Neuroinflammatory Response in Human HMC3 Microglial Cells via NF-κB Signaling Pathway

by
Pei-Lin Li
1,2,
Xiao-Xue Zhai
3,
Jun Wang
4,5,
Xiang Zhu
6,
Lin Zhao
6,
Shuang You
6,
Chun-Yan Sang
1,* and
Jun-Li Yang
1,*
1
CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, China
2
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3
College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
4
Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing, Yantai 264000, China
5
Yantai Zhongke Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical Engineering, Yantai 264010, China
6
Yaomazi Food Co., Ltd., Hongya 620360, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2023, 28(5), 2080; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052080
Submission received: 21 January 2023 / Revised: 18 February 2023 / Accepted: 20 February 2023 / Published: 22 February 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Natural Products and Their Biological Activities)
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Abstract

Various physiological and pathological changes are related to the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroinflammation is a major trigger and exacerbation of neurodegenerative diseases. One of the main symptoms of neuritis is the activation of microglia. Thus, to alleviate the occurrence of neuroinflammatory diseases, an important method is to inhibit the abnormal activation of microglia. This research evaluated the inhibitory effect of trans-ferulic acid (TJZ-1) and methyl ferulate (TJZ-2), isolated from Zanthoxylum armatum, on neuroinflammation, by establishing the human HMC3 microglial cell neuroinflammation model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results showed both compounds significantly inhibited the production and expression of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) contents, and increased the level of anti-inflammatory factor β-endorphin (β-EP). Furthermore, TJZ-1 and TJZ-2 can inhibit LPS-induced activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). It was found that of two ferulic acid derivatives, both had anti-neuroinflammatory effects by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway and regulating the release of inflammatory mediators, such as NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and β-EP. This is the first report that demonstrates that TJZ-1 and TJZ-2 had inhibitory effects on LPS-induced neuroinflammation in human HMC3 microglial cells, which indicates that two ferulic acid derivates from Z. armatum could be used as potential anti-neuroinflammatory agents.
Keywords: Zanthoxylum armatum; neuroinflammation; ferulic acid; HMC3; NF-κB signaling pathway Zanthoxylum armatum; neuroinflammation; ferulic acid; HMC3; NF-κB signaling pathway

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MDPI and ACS Style

Li, P.-L.; Zhai, X.-X.; Wang, J.; Zhu, X.; Zhao, L.; You, S.; Sang, C.-Y.; Yang, J.-L. Two Ferulic Acid Derivatives Inhibit Neuroinflammatory Response in Human HMC3 Microglial Cells via NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Molecules 2023, 28, 2080. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052080

AMA Style

Li P-L, Zhai X-X, Wang J, Zhu X, Zhao L, You S, Sang C-Y, Yang J-L. Two Ferulic Acid Derivatives Inhibit Neuroinflammatory Response in Human HMC3 Microglial Cells via NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Molecules. 2023; 28(5):2080. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052080

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Pei-Lin, Xiao-Xue Zhai, Jun Wang, Xiang Zhu, Lin Zhao, Shuang You, Chun-Yan Sang, and Jun-Li Yang. 2023. "Two Ferulic Acid Derivatives Inhibit Neuroinflammatory Response in Human HMC3 Microglial Cells via NF-κB Signaling Pathway" Molecules 28, no. 5: 2080. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052080

APA Style

Li, P.-L., Zhai, X.-X., Wang, J., Zhu, X., Zhao, L., You, S., Sang, C.-Y., & Yang, J.-L. (2023). Two Ferulic Acid Derivatives Inhibit Neuroinflammatory Response in Human HMC3 Microglial Cells via NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Molecules, 28(5), 2080. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28052080

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