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Article

Anodic Oxidation of Tungsten under Illumination-Multi-Method Characterization and Modeling at the Molecular Level

by
Martin Bojinov
1,*,
Yoanna Penkova
2,
Iva Betova
2 and
Vasil Karastoyanov
1
1
Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria
2
Institute of Electrochemistry and Energy Systems, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2023, 28(21), 7387; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217387
Submission received: 24 September 2023 / Revised: 28 October 2023 / Accepted: 30 October 2023 / Published: 1 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Photochemistry)
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Abstract

Tungsten oxide has received considerable attention as photo-anode in photo-assisted water splitting due to its considerable advantages such as significant light absorption in the visible region, good catalytic properties, and stability in acidic and oxidative conditions. The present paper is a first step in a detailed study of the mechanism of porous WO3 growth via anodic oxidation. In-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS) during oxidation of W illuminated with UV and visible light are employed to study the ionic and electronic processes in slightly acidic sulfate-fluoride electrolytes and a range of potentials 4–10 V. The respective responses are discussed in terms of the influence of fluoride addition on ionic and electronic process rates. A kinetic model is proposed and parameterized via regression of experimental data to the EIS and IMPS transfer functions.
Keywords: tungsten oxide; anodic oxidation; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy; kinetic model tungsten oxide; anodic oxidation; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; intensity modulated photocurrent spectroscopy; kinetic model
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MDPI and ACS Style

Bojinov, M.; Penkova, Y.; Betova, I.; Karastoyanov, V. Anodic Oxidation of Tungsten under Illumination-Multi-Method Characterization and Modeling at the Molecular Level. Molecules 2023, 28, 7387. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217387

AMA Style

Bojinov M, Penkova Y, Betova I, Karastoyanov V. Anodic Oxidation of Tungsten under Illumination-Multi-Method Characterization and Modeling at the Molecular Level. Molecules. 2023; 28(21):7387. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217387

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bojinov, Martin, Yoanna Penkova, Iva Betova, and Vasil Karastoyanov. 2023. "Anodic Oxidation of Tungsten under Illumination-Multi-Method Characterization and Modeling at the Molecular Level" Molecules 28, no. 21: 7387. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217387

APA Style

Bojinov, M., Penkova, Y., Betova, I., & Karastoyanov, V. (2023). Anodic Oxidation of Tungsten under Illumination-Multi-Method Characterization and Modeling at the Molecular Level. Molecules, 28(21), 7387. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28217387

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