Anti-Staphylococcal Activity of the Auranofin Analogue Bearing Acetylcysteine in Place of the Thiosugar: An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Synthesis, Characterization, In-Solution Stability and LogP Evaluation of AF-AcCys
2.2. Antibacterial Activity of AF-AcCys
2.3. Interaction Studies of AF-AcCys with HSA and dTrxR(488–499) Peptide
2.4. Computational Studies
3. Conclusions
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. General Remarks
4.2. Synthesis and Characterization of AF-AcCys
4.3. Stability Study and LogP Determination of AF-AcCys and Auranofin
4.4. Interaction with HSA and dTrxR(488–499) Peptide
- -
- HSA: positive polarity, ion spray voltage floating 5500 V, temperature 25 °C, ion source Gas 1 (GS1) 45 L/min; ion source Gas 2 (GS2) 0 L/min; curtain gas (CUR) 15 L/min, collision energy (CE) 10 V; declustering potential (DP) 200 V, acquisition range m/z 1000–2600.
- -
- dTrxR(488–499) peptide: positive polarity, ion spray voltage floating 5500 V, temperature 100 °C, ion source Gas 1 (GS1) 25 L/min; ion source Gas 2 (GS2) 25 L/min; CUR 20 L/min, CE 10 V; DP 50 V, acquisition range m/z 1000–2000.
4.5. Antibacterial Activity of AF-AcCys
4.6. Theoretical Calculations
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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ID Strain | Origin | Resistance Profile b | AF-AcCys (µM) | AF (µM) |
---|---|---|---|---|
S. aureus 10 | pacemaker | OXA; MET; LVX; PEN | 0.5 | 0.5 |
S. aureus 11 | osteomyelitis | ERY; CLI; PEN | 0.25 | 0.25 |
S. aureus 12 | CVC a | ERY; PEN | 0.5 | 0.5 |
S. epidermidis 2 | emocolture | ERY; GEN; FA; OXA; MET; TET; CLI; LVX; | 2 | ≤0.12 |
S. epidermidis 6 | CVC | GEN; OXA; MET; TET; LVX; | 2 | ≤0.12 |
S. epidermidis 7 | pacemaker | ERY; GEN; OXA; MET; CLI; LVX; TMP/SMX | >2 | ≤0.12 |
Complex | Bond | Snapping Energies | BDE | BDFE |
---|---|---|---|---|
AF-AcCys | Au-S | 54.8 | 51.8 | 40.0 |
Au-P | 58.8 | 54.4 | 42.2 | |
AF | Au-S | 52.6 | 49.8 | 39.0 |
Au-P | 59.1 | 54.7 | 43.7 |
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Chiaverini, L.; Pratesi, A.; Cirri, D.; Nardinocchi, A.; Tolbatov, I.; Marrone, A.; Di Luca, M.; Marzo, T.; La Mendola, D. Anti-Staphylococcal Activity of the Auranofin Analogue Bearing Acetylcysteine in Place of the Thiosugar: An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation. Molecules 2022, 27, 2578. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27082578
Chiaverini L, Pratesi A, Cirri D, Nardinocchi A, Tolbatov I, Marrone A, Di Luca M, Marzo T, La Mendola D. Anti-Staphylococcal Activity of the Auranofin Analogue Bearing Acetylcysteine in Place of the Thiosugar: An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation. Molecules. 2022; 27(8):2578. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27082578
Chicago/Turabian StyleChiaverini, Lorenzo, Alessandro Pratesi, Damiano Cirri, Arianna Nardinocchi, Iogann Tolbatov, Alessandro Marrone, Mariagrazia Di Luca, Tiziano Marzo, and Diego La Mendola. 2022. "Anti-Staphylococcal Activity of the Auranofin Analogue Bearing Acetylcysteine in Place of the Thiosugar: An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation" Molecules 27, no. 8: 2578. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27082578