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Article

Verbascoside: An Efficient and Safe Natural Antibacterial Adjuvant for Preventing Bacterial Contamination of Fresh Meat

by
Chunyang Shi
1,2,
Yangmin Ma
3,
Lei Tian
4,
Jingyi Li
1,
Guaiping Qiao
1,
Chang Liu
5,*,
Wenqiang Cao
5 and
Chengyuan Liang
1,*
1
School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
2
A Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
3
College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
4
College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
5
Zhuhai Jinan Selenium Source Nanotechnology Co., Ltd., Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai 519000, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2022, 27(15), 4943; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154943
Submission received: 8 July 2022 / Revised: 30 July 2022 / Accepted: 1 August 2022 / Published: 3 August 2022
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Abstract

Inappropriate and disproportionate antibiotic use contributes immensely to the development of antibiotic resistance in bacterial species associated with food contamination. Therefore, alternative strategies to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections are urgently needed. In this study, verbascoside was shown to exhibit excellent antibacterial activity and synergistic effects in combination with cell wall synthesis-inhibiting antibiotics, indicating that it can be used as an adjuvant to restore or increase the activity of antibiotics against resistant pathogens. In a mechanistic study, higher concentrations of verbascoside resulted in a longer lag phase and a lower specific exponential-phase growth rate of bacteria. Furthermore, verbascoside exerted its antimicrobial activity through multiple mechanisms, including cell membrane dysfunction, biofilm eradication and changes in cell morphology. The promising antibacterial activity and in vitro safety assessment results suggested that verbascoside can be used as a food additive for fresh meat preservation. Treatment with medium and high doses of verbascoside caused significant bacterial death in meat samples, slowed the spoilage rate, and extended the shelf life. Collectively, verbascoside is expected to be useful as an antibiotic adjuvant to prevent or treat resistant bacteria-related infections and an alternative novel antimicrobial additive in the food industry.
Keywords: multidrug-resistant bacteria; antibiotics; adjuvant; multiple antibacterial mechanisms; safety evaluation; fresh meat; shelf life multidrug-resistant bacteria; antibiotics; adjuvant; multiple antibacterial mechanisms; safety evaluation; fresh meat; shelf life
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MDPI and ACS Style

Shi, C.; Ma, Y.; Tian, L.; Li, J.; Qiao, G.; Liu, C.; Cao, W.; Liang, C. Verbascoside: An Efficient and Safe Natural Antibacterial Adjuvant for Preventing Bacterial Contamination of Fresh Meat. Molecules 2022, 27, 4943. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154943

AMA Style

Shi C, Ma Y, Tian L, Li J, Qiao G, Liu C, Cao W, Liang C. Verbascoside: An Efficient and Safe Natural Antibacterial Adjuvant for Preventing Bacterial Contamination of Fresh Meat. Molecules. 2022; 27(15):4943. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154943

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shi, Chunyang, Yangmin Ma, Lei Tian, Jingyi Li, Guaiping Qiao, Chang Liu, Wenqiang Cao, and Chengyuan Liang. 2022. "Verbascoside: An Efficient and Safe Natural Antibacterial Adjuvant for Preventing Bacterial Contamination of Fresh Meat" Molecules 27, no. 15: 4943. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154943

APA Style

Shi, C., Ma, Y., Tian, L., Li, J., Qiao, G., Liu, C., Cao, W., & Liang, C. (2022). Verbascoside: An Efficient and Safe Natural Antibacterial Adjuvant for Preventing Bacterial Contamination of Fresh Meat. Molecules, 27(15), 4943. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154943

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