Bioactivities of Phenolic Compounds from Kiwifruit and Persimmon
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Identification of Bioactive Compounds in Fruit Extracts
2.2. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Multivariate Data Analysis (MVDA)
2.3. Determination of Bioactive Compounds
2.4. Antioxidant Capacities of Investigated Samples
2.5. Quenching Properties of Phenolic Compounds of Investigated Fruits with Human Serum Proteins
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Chemicals and Materials
3.2. Sampling and NMR Metabolomics
3.3. Determination of Bioactive Compounds
3.4. Determination of Antioxidant Capacities
3.5. Fluorometric Studies
3.6. Data Analysis
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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No. | Compound | CAS | Structure | δH(ppm), Multiplicity, J Value (Hz) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Phenylalanine | 63-91-2 | 7.40, m (2H) 7.35, m 7.30, d, 7.4 (2H) | |
2 | Kaempferol | 520-18-3 | 8.01, d, 8.0 6.95, d, 8.0 6.32, br d (small d) 6.10, br d (small d) | |
3 | Rutin | 153-18-4 | 7.65, d, 2.0 7.60, dd, 6.82, d, 8.5 6.38, d, 6.19, d, 1.05, d, 7.0 4.51, br s (small d) 5.05, d, 8.0 | |
4 | Tryptophan | 73-22-3 | 7.70, d, 8.0 7.54, d, 8.0 7.20, t, 7.0 | |
5 | Tyrosine | 60-18-4 | 3.94, m 7.15, d, 8.0 6.82, d, 8.0 | |
6 | Caffeic acid derivatives | 7.57, d, 13.0 7.28, br s (small d) 7.22, d, 8.0 6.95, d, 8.0 6.55, d, 13.0 | ||
7 | Protocatechuic acid | 99-50-3 | 7.39, br s (small d) 7.35, br d (dd), 8.0 6.92, d, 8.0 | |
8 | Catechol | 120-80-9 | 6.77–6.84, m 4.52, d, 7.20 2.94, dd, 15.7, 6.2 2.47, dd, 15.0, 8.0 | |
9 | Syringic acid | 530-57-4 | 7.26, s, 2H 3.89, s | |
10 | Afzelechin | 2545-00-8 | 2.83; 2.80; 2.79, dd,15.6, 4.8 2.68, dd 6.85, d, 8.0 (2H) 7.17, d, 8.0 (2H) | |
11 | Kaempferol derivatives | 6.97, d, 2.7 6.46, d, 2.7 | ||
12 | Quercetin derivatives | 7.52, d, 3.5 6.66, d, 3.5 | ||
13 | Gallic acid | 149-91-7 | 7.01 (s) |
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Kim, Y.-M.; Abas, F.; Park, Y.-S.; Park, Y.-K.; Ham, K.-S.; Kang, S.-G.; Lubinska-Szczygeł, M.; Ezra, A.; Gorinstein, S. Bioactivities of Phenolic Compounds from Kiwifruit and Persimmon. Molecules 2021, 26, 4405. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154405
Kim Y-M, Abas F, Park Y-S, Park Y-K, Ham K-S, Kang S-G, Lubinska-Szczygeł M, Ezra A, Gorinstein S. Bioactivities of Phenolic Compounds from Kiwifruit and Persimmon. Molecules. 2021; 26(15):4405. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154405
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Young-Mo, Faridah Abas, Yong-Seo Park, Yang-Kyun Park, Kyung-Sik Ham, Seong-Gook Kang, Martyna Lubinska-Szczygeł, Aviva Ezra, and Shela Gorinstein. 2021. "Bioactivities of Phenolic Compounds from Kiwifruit and Persimmon" Molecules 26, no. 15: 4405. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154405