Santamarine Shows Anti-Photoaging Properties via Inhibition of MAPK/AP-1 and Stimulation of TGF-β/Smad Signaling in UVA-Irradiated HDFs
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemicals and Reagents
2.2. Isolation and Characterization of Reynosin and Santamarine
2.3. Cell Culture and Viability Assay
2.4. UVA Irradiation
2.5. DCFH-DA Cellular ROS Assay
2.6. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
2.7. Reverse Transcription-Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) Analysis
2.8. Western Blot
2.9. Immunofluorescence Staining
2.10. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. The Characterization of Reynosin and Santamarine
3.2. Effect of UVA Irradiation and Sample Treatment on the Viability of HDFs
3.3. Measurement of Antioxidant Activity of Reynosin and Santamarine
3.4. Effect of Reynosin and Santamarine on UVA-Induced MMP-1 Secretion
3.5. Santamarine Downregulated the UVA-Induced mRNA Expression of MMP-1, and Protein Expression of MMP-1, 3 and 9
3.6. Santamarine Suppressed UVA-Induced Activation of MAPK/AP-1
3.7. Santamarine Ameliorated UVA-Mediated Decrease in Type I Procollagen Expression
3.8. Effect of Santamarine on TGF-β/Smad Pathway
3.9. Santamarine Ameliorated UVA-Induced Deterioration of Nrf-Dependent Antioxidant Mechanism
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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Position | δH | δC |
---|---|---|
1 | 3.49 (1H, dd, J = 11.6, 4.5 Hz) | 78.8 |
2 | 1.80, 1.56 (1H, m) | 32.1 |
3 | 2.32 (1H, ddd, J = 13.5, 4.9, 1.8 Hz), 2.15 (1H, td, J = 13.5, 5.1) 2.15 (1H, td, J = 13.5, 5.1) | 34.8 |
4 | 145.1 | |
5 | 2.24 (1H, br d, J = 10.9 Hz) | 54.1 |
6 | 4.10 (1H, t, J = 10.9 Hz) | 81.5 |
7 | 2.61 (1H, tdd, J = 11.2, 3.1, 3.0 Hz) 5 | 50.7 |
8 | 2.08, 1.60 (1H, m) | 22.4 |
9 | 2.05 (1H, m), 1.38 (1H, td, J = 13.3, 3.8) | 36.9 |
10 | 44.2 | |
11 | 141.3 | |
12 | 171.7 | |
13 | 6.00 (1H, d, J = 3.1 Hz), 5.49 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz) | 117.3 |
14 | 0.80 (3H, s) | 12 |
15 | 4.95, 4.79 (1H, s) | 110.2 |
Position | δH | δC |
---|---|---|
1 | 3.49 (1H, dd, J = 11.6, 4.5 Hz) | 78.8 |
2 | 1.80, 1.56 (1H, m) | 32.1 |
3 | 2.32 (1H, ddd, J = 13.5, 4.9, 1.8 Hz), 2.15 (1H, td, J = 13.5, 5.1) 2.15 (1H, td, J = 13.5, 5.1) | 34.8 |
4 | 145.1 | |
5 | 2.24 (1H, br d, J = 10.9 Hz) | 54.1 |
6 | 4.10 (1H, t, J = 10.9 Hz) | 81.5 |
7 | 2.61 (1H, tdd, J = 11.2, 3.1, 3.0 Hz) 5 | 50.7 |
8 | 2.08, 1.60 (1H, m) | 22.4 |
9 | 2.05 (1H, m), 1.38 (1H, td, J = 13.3, 3.8) | 36.9 |
10 | 44.2 | |
11 | 141.3 | |
12 | 171.7 | |
13 | 6.00 (1H, d, J = 3.1 Hz), 5.49 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz) | 117.3 |
14 | 0.80 (3H, s) | 12 |
15 | 4.95, 4.79 (1H, s) | 110.2 |
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Oh, J.H.; Kim, J.; Karadeniz, F.; Kim, H.R.; Park, S.Y.; Seo, Y.; Kong, C.-S. Santamarine Shows Anti-Photoaging Properties via Inhibition of MAPK/AP-1 and Stimulation of TGF-β/Smad Signaling in UVA-Irradiated HDFs. Molecules 2021, 26, 3585. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26123585
Oh JH, Kim J, Karadeniz F, Kim HR, Park SY, Seo Y, Kong C-S. Santamarine Shows Anti-Photoaging Properties via Inhibition of MAPK/AP-1 and Stimulation of TGF-β/Smad Signaling in UVA-Irradiated HDFs. Molecules. 2021; 26(12):3585. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26123585
Chicago/Turabian StyleOh, Jung Hwan, Junse Kim, Fatih Karadeniz, Hye Ran Kim, So Young Park, Youngwan Seo, and Chang-Suk Kong. 2021. "Santamarine Shows Anti-Photoaging Properties via Inhibition of MAPK/AP-1 and Stimulation of TGF-β/Smad Signaling in UVA-Irradiated HDFs" Molecules 26, no. 12: 3585. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26123585