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Article

In Vitro Activity of Essential Oils against Saprolegnia parasitica

by
Simona Nardoni
1,*,
Basma Najar
2,
Baldassare Fronte
1,
Luisa Pistelli
2 and
Francesca Mancianti
1
1
Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, Università degli Studi di Pisa, viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
2
Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2019, 24(7), 1270; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24071270
Submission received: 5 February 2019 / Revised: 21 March 2019 / Accepted: 29 March 2019 / Published: 1 April 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological Activities of Essential Oils)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Saprolegnia spp. water molds severely impact fish health in aquaculture, fish farms and hobby fish tanks colonizing mature and immature stages of fishes, as well as eggs. Considering that there are no drugs licensed for treating and/or control the organism, efficient and environmental low-impact methods to control these oomycetes in aquaculture are needed. The aim of the present report was to evaluate the in vitro sensitivity of Saprolegnia parasitica to essential oils (EOs) from Citrus aurantium L., Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau, Citrus limon Burm. f., Citrus paradisi Macfad, Citrus sinensis Osbeck, Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume, Cymbopogon flexuosum (Nees ex Steud.) Watson, Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Illicium verum Hook.f., Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers., Origanum majorana L., Origanum vulgare L., Pelargonium graveolens L’Hér., Syzygium aromaticum Merr. & L.M.Perry, and Thymus vulgaris L., by microdilution test. The most effective EOs assayed were T. vulgaris and O. vulgare, followed by C. flexuosum, L. cubeba and C. bergamia. These EOs could be of interest for controlling Saprolegnia infections. Nevertheless, further safety studies are necessary to evaluate if these products could be dispersed in tank waters, or if their use should be limited to aquaculture supplies.
Keywords: Saprolegnia; essential oils; in vitro sensitivity; Thymus vulgaris L.; Origanum vulgare L.; Cymbopogon flexuosus (Nees ex Steud.) Watson; Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers.; Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau Saprolegnia; essential oils; in vitro sensitivity; Thymus vulgaris L.; Origanum vulgare L.; Cymbopogon flexuosus (Nees ex Steud.) Watson; Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers.; Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau

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MDPI and ACS Style

Nardoni, S.; Najar, B.; Fronte, B.; Pistelli, L.; Mancianti, F. In Vitro Activity of Essential Oils against Saprolegnia parasitica. Molecules 2019, 24, 1270. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24071270

AMA Style

Nardoni S, Najar B, Fronte B, Pistelli L, Mancianti F. In Vitro Activity of Essential Oils against Saprolegnia parasitica. Molecules. 2019; 24(7):1270. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24071270

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nardoni, Simona, Basma Najar, Baldassare Fronte, Luisa Pistelli, and Francesca Mancianti. 2019. "In Vitro Activity of Essential Oils against Saprolegnia parasitica" Molecules 24, no. 7: 1270. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24071270

APA Style

Nardoni, S., Najar, B., Fronte, B., Pistelli, L., & Mancianti, F. (2019). In Vitro Activity of Essential Oils against Saprolegnia parasitica. Molecules, 24(7), 1270. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24071270

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