Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Methylpenicinoline from a Marine Isolate of Penicillium sp. (SF-5995): Inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK Pathways in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages and BV2 Microglia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Isolation and Structure Determination of Methylpenicinoline (1)
2.2. Effects of Methylpenicinoline (1) on the Viability of Mouse-Derived RAW264.7 and BV2 Cells
2.3. Effects of Methylpenicinoline (1) on the Production of Pro-Inflammatory Mediators and Cytokines in RAW264.7 Macrophages Stimulated with LPS
2.4. Effects of Methylpenicinoline (1) on the Production of Pro-Inflammatory Mediators and Cytokines in BV2 Microglia Stimulated with LPS
2.5. Effects of Methylpenicinoline (1) on the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Enzymes in RAW264.7 Macrophages and BV2 Microglia Stimulated with LPS
2.6. Effects of Methylpenicinoline (1) on NF-κB Activation in RAW264.7 Macrophages and BV2 Microglia Stimulated with LPS
2.7. Effects of Methylpenicinoline (1) on the Phosphorylation of MAPKs in RAW264.7 Macrophages and BV2 Microglia Stimulated with LPS
3. Experimental Section
3.1. General
3.2. Specimen Collection and Identification of the Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium sp. SF-5995
3.3. Fermentation, Extraction, and Isolation of Methylpenicinoline (1) from Penicillium sp. SF-5995
3.4. Cell Culture and Viability Assay
3.5. Determination of the Production of Nitrite, PGE2, IL-6, and IL-1β
3.6. Preparation of Cytosolic and Nuclear Fractions
3.7. Western Blot Analysis
3.8. DNA Binding Activity of NF-κB
3.9. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Supplementary Files
Supplementary File 1Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Kim, D.-C.; Lee, H.-S.; Ko, W.; Lee, D.-S.; Sohn, J.H.; Yim, J.H.; Kim, Y.-C.; Oh, H. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Methylpenicinoline from a Marine Isolate of Penicillium sp. (SF-5995): Inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK Pathways in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages and BV2 Microglia. Molecules 2014, 19, 18073-18089. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules191118073
Kim D-C, Lee H-S, Ko W, Lee D-S, Sohn JH, Yim JH, Kim Y-C, Oh H. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Methylpenicinoline from a Marine Isolate of Penicillium sp. (SF-5995): Inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK Pathways in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages and BV2 Microglia. Molecules. 2014; 19(11):18073-18089. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules191118073
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Dong-Cheol, Hee-Suk Lee, Wonmin Ko, Dong-Sung Lee, Jae Hak Sohn, Joung Han Yim, Youn-Chul Kim, and Hyuncheol Oh. 2014. "Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Methylpenicinoline from a Marine Isolate of Penicillium sp. (SF-5995): Inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK Pathways in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages and BV2 Microglia" Molecules 19, no. 11: 18073-18089. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules191118073
APA StyleKim, D.-C., Lee, H.-S., Ko, W., Lee, D.-S., Sohn, J. H., Yim, J. H., Kim, Y.-C., & Oh, H. (2014). Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Methylpenicinoline from a Marine Isolate of Penicillium sp. (SF-5995): Inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK Pathways in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW264.7 Macrophages and BV2 Microglia. Molecules, 19(11), 18073-18089. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules191118073