22,599 Results Found

LDPE (low-density polyethylene) foams were prepared using the improved compression moulding technique (ICM) with relative densities ranging from 0.3 to 0.7 and with different levels of chemical blowing agents (from 1% to 20%). The density gradients,...

Aquatic vegetation appears very often in rivers and floodplains, which significantly affects the flow structure. In this study, experiments have been conducted to investigate the effects of submerged vegetation arrangement patterns and density on flo...

In recent decades, the additive manufacturing technology has made great progress in software and methods in various fields, and gradually explored in a deeper and broader manner. It has changed from the mature homogenized lattice type and model desig...

Urban density must be considered a key concept in the description of a city’s urban spatial structure. Countless studies have provided evidence of a close relationship between built density and activity densities, on the one hand, and urban environme...

A strong canopy structure is central to maximizing yield. The canopy microenvironment, which is related to crop growth and development, reflects changes in a crop’s microclimate. In this study, with the uniform sowing of winter wheat (Triticun ...

The forest spatial structure and diversity of tree species, as the important evaluation indicators of forest quality, are key factors affecting forest carbon storage. To analyze the impacts of biodiversity indices and stand spatial structure on fores...

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique is one of the most popular additive manufacturing techniques. Infill density is a critical factor influencing the mechanical properties of 3D-printed components using the FDM technique. For irregular componen...

A fluid-structure interaction’s effects on the dynamics of a hydrofoil immersed in a fluid flow of non-homogeneous density is presented and analyzed. A linearized model is applied to solve the fluid-structure coupled problem. Fluid density variations...

The dual-phase lattice structure composed of the matrix phase (MP) and the reinforcement phase (RP) is a novel hybrid lattice showing excellent energy absorption ability. However, the mechanical behavior of the dual-phase lattice structure under dyna...

The properties of alkanes are consequential for understanding many chemical processes in nature and industry. We use molecular dynamics simulations with the Amber force field GAFF2 to examine the structure of pure liquids at each respective normal bo...

This paper assesses the combined effect of field plot size and LiDAR density on the estimation of four forest structure attributes: volume, total biomass, basal area and canopy cover. A total of 21 different plot sizes were considered, obtained by de...

One of the most important hydration phases of Portland cement is ettringite, a calcium sulfo-aluminate mineral (${\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a}}_6{\mathrm{A}\mathrm{l}}_2{\left(\mathrm{O}\mathrm{H}\right)}_{12}{\left({\mathrm{SO}}_4\right)}_3·26{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}$) showing a great capacity of adsorbing radionuclides and other contaminant cationic and anionic species, o...

With the aim to find the best simulation routine to accurately predict the ground−state structures and properties of iron oxides (hematite, magnetite, and wustite) using density functional theory (DFT) with Hubbard-U correction, a significant a...

The automatic detection of road surface cracks is a crucial task in road maintenance, but the complexity of crack topology and the susceptibility of detection results to environmental interference make it challenging. To address this issue, this pape...

Fe-Mn-Al-C steels exhibit an outstanding combination of strength and ductility, and the addition of aluminum drastically reduces the density of steels. The low density also offers the advantage of lightweight structures compared with other alloys in...

Increasing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) planting density is the most effective production management method for increasing yields; however, excessive crop populations under high planting densities may experience elevated risk of stem lodging. We cond...

In this paper, an experimental study of steel fiber concrete using vibration mixing technology and the probability density evolution theory is applied to establish a nonlinear stochastic seismic response model for multistory concrete frame structures...

The presence of cubic PuH₂ and PuH₃, the products of hydrogen corrosion of Pu, during long-term storage is of concern because of the materials’ pyrophoricity and ability to catalyse the oxidation reaction of Pu to form PuO₂. Here, we modelled c...

Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) are an important component of the ecology and economy in coastal zones. Through the long-term consolidation of densely clustered shells, oyster reefs generate three-dimensional and complex structures that yield...

Individual tree structure and wood density are important indicators of forest quality and key parameters for biomass calculation. To explore the extraction accuracy of individual tree structure parameters based on LiDAR technology, as well as the cor...

In this paper, the electronic structures of rare earth (Nd, Er)-doped MgO were investigated using density functional theory (DFT), with Hubbard on-site corrections (U_eff) applied to rare earth elements. Li was considered a co-dopant. Defect complexes...

Limboto Lake—Pentadio area is located in the province of Gorontalo on the northern arm of Sulawesi Island, Indonesia, which experienced a tectonic process from the Sula Platform collision in the mid-Miocene. This tectonic process led to the wes...

Forest trees exhibit a large variation in the basal area increment (BAI), and the variation is attributed to the stand density, biodiversity, and stand spatial structure. Studying and quantifying the effect of these above variables on tree growth is...

We systematically investigated the effects of Al-impurity type on the formation energy, crystal structure, charge density, electronic structure, and optical properties of ZnO by using density functional theory and the Hubbard-U method. Al-related def...

The Molybdenum rich ternary alloys Mo-M-B (M = Zr, Hf) contain, next to the Mo solid solution (bcc Mo with small amounts of Zr or Hf as substitutional atoms), the binary borides Mo₂B, MB and MB₂. Recently, it was found that there is also ternary Mo₂M...

In South Korea, there is an awareness of the risks of regional shrinkage and depopulation due to demographic changes and unbalanced population distribution. With concerns about the extinction of local cities and the hollowing out of rural communities...

This study focuses on the control of density and grain structure of a superelastic Ti-18Zr-14Nb (at. %) alloy subjected to laser powder bed fusion. It starts with the production and characterization of a Ti-18Zr-14Nb powder feedstock and printing of...

2,3-dihydro-5,6,7,8-tetranitro-1,4-benzodioxine (TNBD), molecular formula = C₈H₄N₄O₁₀, is a completely nitrated aromatic ring 1,4-benzodioxane derivative. The convenient method of TNBD synthesis was developed (yield = 81%). The detailed structure of...

Based on density functional theory (DFT), theoretical models of three kinds of lanthanide rare earth metal ion-doped γ-Bi₂MoO₆ were constructed (Ln-BMO (Ln=Gd, Ho, Yb)). The geometric structure, electronic structure, and optical properties of t...

The main sponge cake ingredients are flour, sucrose, eggs and leavening agents. Exogenous lipids (e.g., monoacylglycerols) are often used to increase air–liquid interface stability in the batter. There is a consumer trend to avoid foods contain...

The noble pen shell (Pinna nobilis) is a key bivalve species found in the Mediterranean that has suffered dramatic declines due to mass mortality events (MMEs) caused by pathogens like Haplosporidium pinnae. This study looks at the historical populat...

Aluminum nanoparticles (nAl) have received sustained interest due to their higher reactivity than micron aluminum particles (mAl). However, in practice, the densities of explosive formulations with nAl are far smaller than those with mAl, which great...

In this paper, a new definition of a structural parameter for soil is given to characterize the mechanical properties of soils and their changing patterns. The soil structural parameter is a quantitative descriptor of soil structural properties. Stru...

Research of interactions between in-channel vegetation and flow structure is important for the restoration of aquatic ecosystems. This study aims to investigate the impact of the vegetation patch density on the wake structure. We used uniform fibergl...

In this study, the electronic structure of the galena surface was investigated using the first-principle calculation. The results of band structure, density of states, Mulliken population distribution, and frontier orbital analysis showed that galena...

As important functional materials, the electronic structure and physical properties of (GaAs)_m(AlAs)_n superlattices (SLs) have been extensively studied. However, due to limitations of computational methods and computational resources, it is sometimes...

OPTICS is a state-of-the-art algorithm for visualizing density-based clustering structures of multi-dimensional datasets. However, OPTICS requires iterative distance computations for all objects and is thus computed in $O\left(n^2\right)$ time, m...

The stamping process produces thin-walled structures that, in general, have uniform wall thickness and no enclosed cavity. However, it is difficult to satisfy the above geometric requirements with the current density-based topology optimization metho...

Classical density functional theory (DFT) is employed to study the structural properties of a binary fluid mixture confined by a semipermeable membrane. The influences of volume fraction and size asymmetry on three characteristic densities and excess...

The dislocation density in additive-manufactured components significantly influences the local mechanical behavior of crystalline metals. Nanoindentation, renowned for its sensitivity to local mechanical responses and hardness, facilitates the assess...

Existing spatial community detection algorithms are usually modularity based. Motivated by different applications, these algorithms build appropriate spatial null models to describe spatial effects on the connection of nodes. Then, by choosing certai...

This paper systematically investigates the structure, stability, and electronic properties of niobium carbide clusters, Nb_mC_n (m = 5, 6; n = 1–7), using density functional theory. Nb₅C₂ and Nb₅C₆ possess higher dissociation energies and second-...

Using kernel methods, Lepski and Willer study a convolution structure density model and establish adaptive and optimal $L^p$ risk estimations over an anisotropic Nikol’skii space (Lepski, O.; Willer, T. Oracle inequalities and adaptive estimation...

It is widely known that the nucleon scalar charge is proportional to the pion–nucleon sigma term as one of the important low-energy observables of QCD. Especially interesting to us is the physics of the nucleon scalar charge densities. This com...

The species which make up the avian community are governed by a multitude of environmental and internal influences, and the crucial role of community ecology is to discern and explain the patterns arising from these influences. Some such influences a...

In this paper, five grading functional gradient lattice structures with a different density perpendicular to the loading direction were proposed, and the surface morphology, deformation behavior, and compression properties of the functional gradient...

The carbon storage in forest ecosystems is closely linked to biomass, and its dynamic changes are of significant importance for assessing forest structure and function, as well as their response to global climate change. Recently, the research on the...

Global digitization affects all sectors, including construction. Indeed, 3D scanning and digital photogrammetry methods are increasingly being used to obtain 3D data of buildings. The data obtained by these methods are a cloud of points, and our rese...

The structure property is the fundamental factor in determining the stability, adsorption, catalytic performance, and selectivity of microporous materials. Seven density functional approximations (DFAs) are used to simulate the crystal structure of m...

This work presents a simple and flexible method for theoretical calculation of the main structural parameter of weft-knitted fabrics’—the loop length and one of the main characteristics of textile fabrics—area density, which combines physical and eco...