Search Results (2,288)

Objective: We aimed to analyze factors associated with body mass index and nutritional status, including oral health, among older adults in Primary Health Care. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of community-dwelling older adults aged ≥ 60 years, selected from five Health Units in a Brazilian city. A questionnaire was applied to collect the following data: sociodemographic data, anthropometric status assessed by Body Mass Index (BMI) (weight and height), oral health (number of teeth and self-perceived chewing ability: good, fair, or poor), cognition assessed using the 10-Point Cognitive Screener (10-CS), nutritional status using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), health literacy using the 14-item Health Literacy Scale (HLS-14), sarcopenia risk using the SARC-F questionnaire plus calf circumference (SARC-F + CC), and frailty using the Clinical Functional Vulnerability Index-20 (CFVI-20). The outcomes were Body Mass Index (BMI)-defined anthropometric status, dichotomized as non-excess weight (underweight/normal weight) vs. excess weight (overweight/obese), and nutritional status assessed by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), dichotomized into normal nutritional status vs. nutritional risk or malnutrition. Descriptive, bivariate (Chi-square test), and multiple binary logistic regression analyses were performed for each outcome (p < 0.05). Results: A total of 211 older adults participated in the study. The sample was 72% female, with a mean age of 70.41 (±7.45) years. In the adjusted regression analysis, the use of four or more medications (OR = 2.12; 95% CI: 1.08–4.17), sedentary behavior (OR = 3.09; 95% CI: 1.58–6.04), and absence of sarcopenia risk (OR = 4.99; 95% CI: 2.02–12.34) were associated with higher odds of overweight/obesity. Conversely, usual attendance at the neighborhood PHC unit (OR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.07–0.72) and possible cognitive impairment (OR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.08–0.98) were inversely associated with overweight/obesity. Nutritional risk or malnutrition was associated with edentulism (OR = 2.10; 95% CI: 1.05–4.23), poor chewing ability (OR = 2.48; 95% CI: 1.06–5.82), fair chewing ability (OR = 2.88; 95% CI: 1.29–6.47), and the presence of feelings of discouragement, sadness, or hopelessness (OR = 3.52; 95% CI: 1.78–6.96). Among participants with overweight/obesity, 28.4% were also classified as being at nutritional risk or malnourished according to the MNA. Conclusions: Among older adults in Primary Health Care, nutritional risk or malnutrition was associated with oral health and psychosocial characteristics, whereas overweight/obesity was associated with distinct clinical, healthcare-use, behavioral, cognitive, and functional characteristics, even after adjustment for sociodemographic, clinical, functional, and psychosocial characteristics. These findings support the importance of comprehensive multidisciplinary assessment and care to address the heterogeneous and coexisting nutritional challenges of aging. Full article

Background: Cancer survivors are at increased risk for developing subsequent cancers, including HPV-associated cancers, compared to the general population. However, evidence regarding the receipt of HPV vaccination and cancer diagnosis status is limited. Methods: We analyzed 2019 and 2022 National Health Interview Survey data, focusing on adults aged 18–45 years who were eligible for HPV vaccination. We performed descriptive statistics and evaluated associations using survey-weighted bivariable and multivariable logistic regression to assess the association between a personal history of any cancer diagnosis and receipt of HPV vaccination, adjusting for sociodemographic and behavioral factors. Results: Among 20,917 participants (mean [SD] age (years): 31.41 [13.58]), 489 (2.0%) were cancer survivors; 99 (19.3%) received HPV vaccination. Among 20,423 adults without a cancer diagnosis, 5317 (27.8%) had received HPV vaccination. Five participants had missing data on cancer history. Cancer survivors had significantly lower odds of HPV vaccination compared to adults without a personal cancer history (Adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR]: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.52–0.87, p = 0.003). Living in non-metro areas (aOR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.66–0.89, p < 0.001), smokers [current (aOR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.71–0.94, p = 0.005), and former (aOR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.67–0.84, p < 0.001)], non-US-born (aOR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.47–0.61, p < 0.001), uninsured (aOR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.52–0.69, p < 0.001) had significantly lower odds of receiving HPV vaccination. Those who were 18–26 years (aOR: 5.49, 95% CI: 4.73–6.37, p < 0.001), non-Hispanic others (aOR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.11–1.75, p = 0.004), females (aOR: 3.18, 95% CI: 2.84–3.56, p < 0.001), higher education [some college/bachelor’s education (aOR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.41–1.74, p < 0.001), and graduate degree/professional scholar (aOR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.65–2.22, p < 0.001)], living in rented housing (aOR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.08–1.29, p < 0.001) had significantly higher odds of receiving HPV vaccination. Conclusions: HPV vaccination uptake is low among cancer survivors. Targeted interventions such as strong oncologists’ recommendations, patient reminders, and care coordination between oncology and primary care professionals are needed to increase HPV vaccination uptake in this population. Full article

Background: Children’s resilience is a dynamic, multisystemic process shaped by cultural context, supportive relationships, and family values. In Romania, research on children’s resilience and the role of parental values remains limited. Objective: This study examined the relationship between children’s resilience, socio-demographic factors (parental educational level, economic status, family structure, religious affiliation, and ethnicity), and parental values based on Schwartz’s value model. We hypothesized that socially oriented values (security, conformity, tradition, universalism, and benevolence) would be associated with higher resilience. Method: A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted with 245 children aged 8–15 years (M = 10.58, SD = 1.95) and one parent per child. Children’s resilience was assessed using the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-28), parental values using the Short Schwartz’s Value Survey (SSVS), and socio-demographic data through a parental questionnaire. Results: Higher resilience was associated with higher parental educational level and with parental values reflecting conservation and self-transcendence. In the regression model, parental educational level, conservation values, Orthodox religious affiliation, and intact family structure were independently associated with resilience and jointly accounted for 22.6% of the variance. Younger children had higher resilience, but age was not a significant predictor in regression analysis. Conclusions: The findings support the socio-ecological perspective on resilience and provide among the first empirical evidence from Romania that parental values, together with family and cultural resources, are associated with children’s resilience. Full article

Background: Fear of cancer progression (FoP) is a well-recognised, clinically significant dimension of quality of life in oncology, yet it remains largely unstudied among men treated for reproductive system malignancies in Central Asia. This study assessed the level and correlates of FoP among such patients across several regions of Kazakhstan, as part of a broader research programme aimed at improving rehabilitation services for this patient group. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1081 men treated for a malignancy of the reproductive system, recruited across seven administrative regions of Kazakhstan (Pavlodar, Karaganda, Astana, Shymkent, Kyzylorda, Taldykorgan and East Kazakhstan). Participants completed a 12-item, 5-point Likert-scale questionnaire covering the same thematic domains as the Fear of Progression Questionnaire–Short Form (FoP-Q-SF), together with a structured sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire. Total FoP scores were calculated, together with two post hoc, exploratory subscales (somatic/health-related and social/occupational-family), reported descriptively only. Associations with sociodemographic and clinical variables were examined using t-tests, one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc comparisons, Spearman correlation and multivariable linear regression. Results: Internal consistency of the 12-item instrument was good (Cronbach’s α = 0.864). The mean total FoP score was 38.6 ± 8.2 (observed and possible range, 12–60). Patients who had experienced disease recurrence or had an unclear disease status scored markedly higher than patients with no recurrence and no treatment in the preceding six months (mean difference 4.07 points, p < 0.001), as did patients who had received treatment in the past six months without recurrence (mean difference 2.90 points, p < 0.001). Patients receiving hormonal (androgen-deprivation-type) therapy reported higher fear scores than those who were not (39.4 vs. 37.7, p = 0.001), an association that remained significant after multivariable adjustment (β = 1.19, p = 0.024). Urban residents scored higher than rural residents (38.9 vs. 37.6, p = 0.019). Age, having minor children, and ethnicity were not significantly associated with FoP. In multivariable analysis, disease status and hormonal therapy were the only independent predictors of FoP (model R² = 0.053, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Fear of cancer progression is common and clinically relevant among Kazakhstani men treated for reproductive system cancers, and was most strongly associated with current disease status and receipt of hormonal therapy rather than with age or family circumstances. These findings support integrating structured psychological screening into routine rehabilitation pathways for this patient group, with universal access to psychosocial support and proactive outreach particularly considered for patients with recurrent or recently treated disease and those receiving hormonal therapy. Full article

This study explored whether engaging in volunteering predicted subjective wellbeing and loneliness, above and beyond known sociodemographic predictors. Secondary data from 7146 adults from the Taking Part 2019–2020 survey (UK household survey of participation in culture and sport) were analysed. Hierarchical regressions were used to explore whether engaging in volunteering (yes/no) predicts subjective wellbeing variables (a sense that life is worthwhile, happiness, life satisfaction and anxiety) and loneliness. Gender, age group, Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD), health and employment status were included as covariates. Volunteering significantly and positively predicted a sense that life is worthwhile, although with small variance explained, and was also unexpectedly associated with greater anxiety. These relationships were observed above and beyond the variance explained by the known sociodemographic predictors. Our study provides some support for the idea that volunteering may be linked to greater wellbeing, in terms of life being worthwhile, but offers a note of caution about the potential negative relationship with anxiety. Based on our findings, we suggest that volunteering is not necessarily linked to greater hedonic wellbeing but may instead be linked to greater eudaimonic wellbeing, that is, a sense that life is worthwhile. Full article

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can substantially affect patients’ quality of life (QoL), yet evidence from Al-Buraimi Governorate, Oman, is limited. This study assessed diabetes-specific QoL and its associated sociodemographic and clinical factors among adults with T2DM attending a primary healthcare diabetes clinic. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 364 adults with T2DM between October and December 2024. Face-to-face interviews were carried out to collect data using a validated Arabic Diabetes Quality of Life (DQoL) questionnaire and a structured clinical and sociodemographic form. Differences in overall DQoL scores were assessed using independent-samples t-tests and one-way ANOVA, followed by Games–Howell post hoc comparisons where appropriate. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify independent factors associated with overall DQoL. Higher DQoL scores indicated poorer QoL. In multivariate regression analysis, gender, education status (university versus high school graduates), HbA1c, duration of diabetes (5–10 years versus <5 years), treatment modality (diet alone versus oral medications) and diabetes-related complications were significantly associated with overall DQoL. These findings support incorporating diabetes-specific QoL assessment into patient-centered diabetes care, particularly for patients with poor glycemic control and diabetes-related complications. Full article

Background/Objectives: This study aims to determine the indirect costs associated with the disease process in patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome and to analyze the sociodemographic and clinical factors influencing these costs. Methods: This prospective, single-center, observational cost-of-illness study evaluated 146 ACS patients at a tertiary cardiology clinic over an index episode extending from admission to 30 days after discharge, from a patient and household perspective that excludes direct medical costs. Excluding six patients (one death, five early retirements), 140 patients were analyzed. Productivity losses were measured with the iMTA Productivity Cost Questionnaire and valued using the Human Capital Approach; SCORE2, GRACE and MIDAS scores were also recorded. Costs are reported in 2025 international dollars (Int$, OECD PPP factor 16.20). Factors associated with total indirect cost were examined with a Gamma generalized linear model with a log link, containing five prespecified covariates: sex, occupational group, age, GRACE and MIDAS. Results: The mean age was 61 ± 12 years, and 69.9% of the cohort were male. The median total indirect cost per patient was 1007 Int$. In the actively employed subgroup, the median absenteeism cost was 1450 Int$, while the median household production loss for the entire cohort was 340 Int$. The multivariate Gamma GLM identified occupational status (p < 0.001) and female sex (p = 0.004) as variables independently associated with total indirect costs, whereas age and clinical/prognostic scores (GRACE, MIDAS) lacked statistical significance. Compared to patients outside the labor force, total costs were 4.8 and 4.1 times higher for white-collar and blue-collar workers, respectively. Conclusions: ACS imposes a significant short-term indirect cost burden at the patient and household levels, driven by absenteeism among actively employed patients and by household production losses among those outside the labor force. These findings indicate that the early post-discharge economic burden is patterned primarily by labor force position and by the distribution of unpaid domestic work rather than by clinical severity. Full article

Background/Objectives: Adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are particularly vulnerable to psychological distress, disordered-eating (DE) risk and negative self-perceived health status (SPHS), which may compromise metabolic control and self-care. Although these factors have been studied individually, the usefulness of brief and clinically feasible screening tools to detect these dimensions remains underexplored. This study aimed to: (1) examine associations between distress, DE risk and SPHS; (2) explore their relationships with glycemic control, clinical profile and self-care; and (3) assess the influence of age and diabetes duration on these outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 37 adolescents with T1DM in Spain. Sociodemographic, anthropometric and clinical variables were obtained from medical records. Distress, DE risk and self-care were assessed using validated questionnaires, while SPHS was measured using single-item question. Pearson and Spearman correlations were performed. Results: Distress was present in 48.6% of participants and DE risk in 29.7%, while 67.6% reported positive SPHS. Distress correlated with higher HbA1c and lower TIR. DE risk correlated with BMI. Lower SPHS was associated with higher HbA1c. Age and diabetes duration were associated with greater glycemic variability, and diabetes duration also correlated with higher glucose and TyG-based insulin resistance indexes. No significant associations were found for self-care behaviors. Conclusions: Distress, DE risk and SPHS, assessed through feasible screening tools, showed meaningful associations with metabolic outcomes in adolescents with T1DM. Integrating brief psychological screening tools into routine care may facilitate early identification of psychological vulnerability profiles in this population during routine practice. Full article

Background/Objectives: Sustainable Human Resource Management in healthcare requires the identification of factors that support motivation, well-being, and employment sustainability in nursing staff. The aim of this study was to assess motivating and demotivating factors related to nurses’ work motivation in a Polish university clinical hospital and to examine their associations with selected sociodemographic and occupational characteristics in order to identify Sustainable HRM practices that may be relevant to staff retention, professional resilience, and long-term workforce sustainability. Methods: The study was conducted among 300 nurses using a diagnostic survey method between October 2023 and March 2024. Associations between variables were examined using the χ² test of independence and Cramér’s V. Results: Salary level was the most important financial motivating factor in the nurses’ opinions. With regard to non-wage factors, the opportunity to improve qualifications at the employer’s expense was predominant. Friendly team relationships were identified as the key non-material motivating factor. The most frequently indicated demotivators were low salary, low occupational status, poor relationships with supervisors or team members, and limited autonomy. Significant associations were observed between financial motivating factors and age, professional experience, employment type, and salary level. Associations for indirect material, non-material, and demotivating factors were less consistent and generally weak. Conclusions: Effective nursing workforce management should combine fair remuneration with opportunities for professional development and measures that support positive workplace relationships and organizational culture. Interpreted within the Sustainable HRM framework, these findings may inform practices intended to support staff retention, professional resilience, and long-term workforce sustainability. Full article

Background: Recently, artificial intelligence-based tools such as large language models (LLMs) have further transformed health information-seeking practices. This study aimed to assess digital health information-seeking behaviors among healthcare professionals working in İzmir, Türkiye, and to examine individual and environmental factors associated with these behaviors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 380 healthcare professionals in İzmir. Data were collected using an online questionnaire comprising sociodemographic and health information-seeking items and the eight-item e-health literacy scale (eHEALS). Descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests were used for unadjusted comparisons. Multivariable binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors independently associated with LLM use, while multivariable linear regression with HC3-robust standard errors was used to identify factors independently associated with e-health literacy. To reduce sparse-data instability, conceptually compatible small categories were collapsed before refitting the multivariable models. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Overall, 73.2% of participants reported using LLMs (e.g., ChatGPT) for health-related information seeking. After multivariable adjustment, daily internet use of 3–6 h was associated with higher odds of LLM use compared with ≤3 h/day (adjusted OR = 2.0437, 95% CI: 1.1467–3.6423, p = 0.0153). E-health literacy was not independently associated with LLM use (adjusted OR = 0.9875, 95% CI: 0.9599–1.0158, p = 0.3825). In the e-health literacy model, the combined divorced/widowed group had lower adjusted scores than married participants (B = −4.4087, 95% CI: −7.4003 to −1.4171, p = 0.0039). Uncertainty about institutional scientific database access was also associated with lower e-health literacy (B = −6.1805, 95% CI: −8.9255 to −3.4356, p < 0.0001), whereas often/always reading online health information was associated with higher scores compared with never/rarely reading it (B = 2.6264, 95% CI: 0.5112–4.7416, p = 0.0149). Conclusion: LLM use was common among healthcare professionals, but it was not independently associated with e-health literacy. Patterns of internet use, marital status, institutional database awareness, and frequency of reading online health information showed independent associations with the study outcomes. These findings support targeted digital health and AI-literacy initiatives. Full article

Background: Technostress has emerged as a growing occupational health concern in increasingly digitalized workplaces. Although its psychological consequences have been extensively investigated, little is known about its potential association with metabolic health and insulin resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between technostress and insulin resistance risk using four validated surrogate markers in a large cohort of Spanish workers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 104,175 Spanish workers who underwent routine occupational health assessments. Technostress was assessed using a 15-item questionnaire covering five technostress dimensions and was analyzed using four operational categories (low, moderate, high, and very high). Insulin resistance risk was assessed using the triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index, TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI), the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), and the single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE). Sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical parameters were also recorded. Modified Poisson regression with robust variance estimation was used to estimate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) for increased insulin resistance risk according to technostress level. Firth penalized logistic regression was additionally performed as a sensitivity analysis to address sparse-data bias and separation. Results: Higher technostress levels were associated with progressively less favorable anthropometric and metabolic profiles. The prevalence of increased insulin resistance risk rose significantly across technostress categories for all markers evaluated (p < 0.001). For TyG, prevalence increased from 3.8% in the low technostress group to 54.3% in the very high technostress group. Corresponding increases were observed for TyG-BMI (0.2% to 78.2%), METS-IR (0.0% to 45.2%), and elevated SPISE-IR values (0.0% to 57.5%). After adjustment for age, sex, educational level, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and smoking status, higher technostress remained associated with a higher prevalence of increased insulin resistance risk. A clear graded cross-sectional pattern was observed, with the strongest associations found among workers reporting very high technostress. Conclusions: Higher technostress was associated with a higher prevalence of increased insulin resistance risk according to TyG, the primary outcome, with a clear graded cross-sectional pattern across technostress categories. Associations were also observed for the secondary BMI-containing indices (TyG-BMI, METS-IR, and SPISE-IR), which should be interpreted as complementary rather than independent evidence. Given the cross-sectional design and the pronounced clustering of technostress with adiposity and lifestyle characteristics, residual confounding cannot be excluded and causal inference is not possible. Full article

Background: Maternal nutritional status before pregnancy may influence offspring long-term health; however, the association between pre-pregnancy dietary patterns and body composition in preschool children remains unclear. Methods: This study used data from the Taicang and Wuqiang Mother–Child Cohort Study (TAWS), comprising 582 mother–child pairs. Dietary intake during the month before pregnancy was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were derived via principal component analysis. Standardized pattern scores (mean = 0, SD = 1) were analyzed as continuous variables (per 1-SD increase) and categorized into quartiles (Q1–Q4, with Q1 as reference). Body composition indicators (percent body fat [PBF], fat mass index [FMI], fat-free mass index [FFMI], and skeletal muscle index [SMI]) were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis in children aged 3–6 years. Multiple linear regression was used to examine associations under two models: an unadjusted model and a multivariable model adjusted for child characteristics, maternal sociodemographic and gestational factors, family factors, feeding mode, and other dietary patterns. Interaction terms were introduced to test for potential effect modification by child sex and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI. Results: Results showed that five maternal pre-pregnancy dietary patterns were extracted: animal-based food, grain-vegetable-fruit, processed meat-dairy, vegetable-legume, and cured vegetable. In multivariable-adjusted models, the processed meat-dairy pattern was positively associated with FMI (Q4 vs. Q1: β = 0.262, 95% CI: 0.036 to 0.488). The grain-vegetable-fruit pattern was inversely associated with FFMI (Q4: β = −0.265, 95% CI: −0.510 to −0.020) and SMI (Q4: β = −0.256, 95% CI: −0.564 to −0.113). The vegetable-legume pattern was associated with higher PBF (Q3: β = 0.234, 95% CI: 0.007 to 0.461) and lower SMI (Q4: β = −0.338, 95% CI: −0.564 to −0.113). No significant associations were observed for the animal-based food or cured vegetable pattern after adjustment. Sex-stratified analyses showed that the animal-based food pattern was associated with FFMI and SMI in opposite directions between boys and girls (p for interaction = 0.048 and 0.013, respectively). Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI significantly modified only the association between the processed meat–dairy pattern and SMI (p for interaction = 0.032). Conclusions: Maternal pre-pregnancy dietary patterns were selectively associated with body composition in preschool children: the processed meat–dairy pattern was associated with higher fat mass, while the grain-vegetable-fruit and vegetable-legume patterns were associated with lower muscle indices. These associations are observational in nature and do not imply causality. In particular, the associations of plant-based dietary patterns with muscle indices should be interpreted with caution and should not be regarded as negative effects of plant-based diets. Full article

Recurrent non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) may be accompanied by cosmetic, functional, and emotional consequences. Aims: To examine associations among psychological symptoms, quality of life, resilience, and religiosity and to compare psychological outcomes between patients treated once and patients with recurrent facial NMSC. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 160 patients after surgery for facial NMSC (63 treated once and 97 with recurrent disease). Data were collected with a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R), the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale 25 (CD-RISC-25), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF) and DUREL. Results: Greater psychological symptom severity was consistently associated with poorer scores across all WHOQOL-BREF domains. The overall multivariate group effect was significant (Pillai’s Trace = 0.235, F(6.149) = 7.641, p < 0.001, partial eta squared = 0.235). After Bonferroni correction for six follow-up tests, patients with recurrent NMSC had a higher adjusted GSI and lower adjusted psychological health scores than patients treated once (both p < 0.001). Adjusted differences in physical health, social relationships, environment, and CD-RISC were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Recurrent NMSC status was associated with greater psychological symptom burden and poorer psychological quality of life. Routine psychological screening may help identify patients who require further assessment or support. Full article

Background/Objectives: Previous studies have linked chronic conditions and multimorbidity to lower physical activity, but evidence across individual movement behaviours remains limited. We examined associations between the number of self-reported chronic diseases and conditions and transport-related walking, leisure time physical activity, muscle-strengthening activity and sedentary behaviour among people aged ≥15 years in Serbia. Methods: Nationally representative 2019 Serbian National Health Survey data were analysed (n = 13,076 with complete information on 17 conditions). Complex sample logistic regression models were sequentially adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, body mass index, functional mobility and self-rated health. Additional analyses assessed linear trends and departures from linearity using all covariates except self-rated health. Results: Overall, 51.4% reported no condition, 18.0% one and 30.6% two or more. All outcomes were associated with condition status before adjustment, but most associations were attenuated after including functional mobility. After full adjustment, an overall association remained only for muscle-strengthening activity on <2 days/week (Wald F = 5.13; p = 0.006). Compared with no condition, one condition was associated with higher odds (aOR 1.60, 95% CI 1.18–2.16), but two or more were not. Each additional condition was associated with 4.5% higher odds of sitting or reclining for ≥6 h/day (aOR 1.045, 95% CI 1.006–1.087; p = 0.025). No other linear trends were identified; muscle-strengthening activity showed a departure from linearity (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Associations differed across movement behaviour domains and were attenuated particularly after including functional mobility. The number of conditions alone only partially accounted for observed differences in movement behaviours. Full article

Adult vaccination is a critical component of preventive healthcare, reducing morbidity and mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases. Despite established recommendations, adult immunisation coverage remains suboptimal, particularly for vaccines beyond influenza and COVID-19. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), limited evidence exists regarding adult vaccine uptake and determinants influencing immunisation behaviour within its diverse population. Understanding vaccine-specific coverage and associated sociodemographic, healthcare, and workplace factors is essential to guide targeted strategies that strengthen adult immunisation. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1330 adults aged ≥ 18 years residing in the UAE. Data were collected using a structured self- or interviewer-administered questionnaire assessing uptake of recommended adult vaccines, including COVID-19, influenza, pneumococcal, herpes zoster, Tdap, and HPV. Sociodemographic characteristics, healthcare access, insurance status, workplace factors, and perceived barriers were also assessed. Descriptive statistics summarised vaccination coverage, and associations between uptake and key determinants were examined using SPSS version 30. Statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05. Overall, 71.0% reported receiving at least one adult vaccine. Uptake was highest for COVID-19 (64.9%) and influenza (57.8%), while pneumococcal, herpes zoster, and Tdap coverage remained low (12–13%). HPV uptake was 22.6% among females and 18.9% among males. Higher uptake was observed among females and adults. Social encouragement, insurance coverage, and healthcare access were associated with vaccination, whereas lack of awareness and logistical barriers hindered uptake. Although overall uptake was moderate, significant gaps persist. Integrating vaccination into routine healthcare services and addressing structural and communication barriers are necessary to improve adult vaccination coverage. Full article