In this paper, we focus on the homogeneity test that evaluates whether two multivariate samples come from the same distribution. This problem arises naturally in various applications, and there are many methods available in the literature. Based on d...
Statistical depth provides a center–outward ordering of multivariate observations and is widely used in nonparametric inference. We study depth-based tests for multivariate two-sample problems and examine the behaviour of different depth notion...
EEG (Electroencephalography) signals can express the human awareness activities and consequently it can indicate the depth of anesthesia. On the other hand, Bispectral-index (BIS) is often used as an indicator to assess the depth of anesthesia. This...
In monitoring the depth of anesthesia (DOA), the electroencephalography (EEG) signals of patients have been utilized during surgeries to diagnose their level of consciousness. Different entropy methods were applied to analyze the EEG signal and measu...
Visual sensor networks (VSNs) can be widely used in multimedia, security monitoring, network camera, industrial detection, and other fields. However, with the development of new communication technology and the increase of the number of camera nodes...
Measuring suspended sediment in fluvial systems is critical to understanding and managing water resources. Sampling suspended sediment has been the primary means of understanding fluvial suspended sediment. Specialized samplers, sampling methods, and...
This paper proposes a sampled-data fuzzy controller design technique for an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) depth system represented by an interval type-2 (IT-2) fuzzy model, considering input saturation. In the Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fu...
This paper builds an infinity shaped (“∞”-shaped) laser scanning welding test platform based on a self-developed motion controller and galvanometer scanner control gateway, takes the autogenous bead-on-plate welding of 304SS with 3 mm thick specimens...
Experimental studies have confirmed the permeability reduction of coal samples upon the adsorption of CO2. However, these studies were carried out under limited experimental conditions. In this study, CO2 flow behaviors in a macro-scale coal sample w...
Early detection of ovarian cancer remains challenging because of the lack of sensitive and reproducible blood-based biomarkers. A major challenge in plasma proteomics is the extremely wide dynamic range of protein concentrations, which prevents simul...
We currently have a poor understanding of how different soil sampling methods (pedogenetic horizon versus fixed-depth) influence the evaluation of soil properties. Here, 159 soil profiles were sampled from larch (Larix gmelinii) plantations in northe...
Microbial water quality surveys of irrigation sources are conducted by measuring the concentrations of generic E. coli. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dependence of E. coli concentrations on the water sampling depth at different time...
Passive optical remote sensing of river bathymetry involves establishing a relation between depth and reflectance that can be applied throughout an image to produce a depth map. Building upon the Optimal Band Ratio Analysis (OBRA) framework, we intro...
Although learning-based multi-view stereo algorithms have produced exciting results in recent years, few researchers have explored the specific role of deep sampling in the network. We posit that depth sampling accuracy more directly impacts the qual...
Increases in organic carbon within agricultural soils are widely recognized as a “negative emission” that removes CO2 from the atmosphere. Accurate quantification of soil organic carbon (SOC) to a certain depth in the spatial domain is cr...
Despite progress in the past decades, 3D shape acquisition techniques are still a threshold for various 3D face-based applications and have therefore attracted extensive research. Moreover, advanced 2D data generation models based on deep networks ma...
Traditional learning-based multi-view stereo (MVS) methods usually need to find the correct depth value from a large number of depth candidates, which leads to huge memory consumption and slow inference. To address these problems, we propose a probab...
Monocular depth estimation is one of the key tasks in autonomous driving, which derives depth information of the scene from a single image. And it is a fundamental component for vehicle decision-making and perception. However, approaches currently fa...
A depth camera is a kind of sensor that can directly collect distance information between an object and the camera. The RealSense D435i is a low-cost depth camera that is currently in widespread use. When collecting data, an RGB image and a depth ima...
Limiting harm to organisms caused by genetic sampling is an important consideration for rare species, and a number of non-destructive sampling techniques have been developed to address this issue in freshwater mussels. Two methods, visceral swabbing...
This study compares four stocking rates (37, 74, 111 and 148 pigs ha−1) for growing to finishing pigs (18.4 ± 0.5 kg and 118.5 ± 2.0 kg and 35.7 ± 2.1 kg and 125.7 ± 2.3 kg initial and final BW for grazing periods 1...
Currently, there is no information available about the spatio-temporal distribution of micronutrients in sandy mulching soils widely used in the southeast of Spain; therefore, in this experiment, we aimed to characterize the spatio-temporal distribut...
In this paper, a depth-sensing method employing active irradiation of a semi-annular beam is proposed for observing the multi-layered reflective surfaces of transparent samples with higher resolutions and lower interference. To obtain the focusing re...
Near-seafloor acoustic field characteristics are essential prior knowledge for near-seafloor underwater acoustic engineering. Scholte waves are a crucial component of the near-seafloor acoustic fields. These fields, when considering Scholte waves, ar...
Increasing the efficiency, frequency, and speed of rail defect detection can reduce maintenance costs and improve the sustainability of railways. The non-contact eddy current (EC) system can be operated along with a railcar for detecting rail flaws....
The neural implicit SLAM system performs excellently in static environments, offering higher-quality rendering and scene reconstruction capabilities compared to traditional dense SLAM. However, in dynamic real-world scenes, these systems often experi...
To address the need for massive connections in Internet-of-Vehicle communications, local wireless networks utilize non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). Scholars have introduced deep reinforcement learning networks for user grouping and power alloca...
Harmful algal blooms (HABs), caused by the dinoflagellate Alexandrium pacificum, are increasingly frequent in the Marlborough Sounds, an important aquaculture region in Aotearoa New Zealand. Alexandrium pacificum produces paralytic shellfish toxins a...
The toolbox for material characterization has never been richer than today. Great progress with all kinds of particles and interaction methods provide access to nearly all properties of an object under study. However, a tomographic analysis of the su...
Hertzian mechanics is the most frequently used theory for data processing in Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) indentation experiments on soft biological samples, due to its simplicity and significant scientific results previously published. For instance...
The Sphagnum habitat is a ”miniature forest” to the mites, of which the layers offer different microenvironmental conditions. We studied the vertical distribution of the Oribatida, Mesostigmata, and Prostigmata groups in four layers (0&nd...
Surface water monitoring often requires frequent and reliable sampling at locations that are difficult or unsafe to access using conventional methods. To address these constraints, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have increasingly been used as platfo...
Using multi-view images of forest plots to reconstruct dense point clouds and extract individual tree parameters enables rapid, high-precision, and cost-effective forest plot surveys. However, images captured at close range face challenges in forest...
Atmospheric dust reduces the contrast and visibility of Mars rover images, while strictly aligned clean–dusty image pairs remain scarce. To address this problem, we propose a two-stage physics-guided diffusion framework. In the first stage, we...
Semantic segmentation of 3D point clouds remains difficult when LiDAR or depth-camera data are sampled unevenly. This paper presents DANet, a 3D semantic segmentation framework built on joint density- and semantics-adaptive convolution. Its core oper...
Machine learning-based source range estimation is a promising method for enhancing the performance of tracking both the dynamic and static positions of targets in the underwater acoustic environment using extensive training data. This study construct...
Economic development requires following the principles of sustainable development for the socio-economic progress of a country. The organic farming sector is important in ensuring sustainable development. The advancement of organic farming is an impo...
Elevating soil organic matter (SOM) levels through changes in grassland management may contribute to lower greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere and mitigate climate change. SOM dynamics of grassland soils may be affected by grazing systems...
Depth of anaesthesia (DoA) is an important measure for assessing the degree to which the central nervous system of a patient is depressed by a general anaesthetic agent, depending on the potency and concentration with which anaesthesia is administere...
Spatiotemporal variations of phytoplankton populations in agricultural irrigation ponds need to be accounted for in order to properly assess water quality. Phytoplankton cell and photosynthetic pigment concentrations are two common metrics used to ch...
Although the NeRF approach can achieve outstanding view synthesis, it is limited in practical use because it requires many views (hundreds) for training. With only a few input views, the Depth-DYN NeRF that we propose can accurately match the shape....
In China, tillage depth is a core performance indicator for certificating tillage machinery. The current manual measurement in field suffers from high subjectivity and poor traceability. This study proposed a tillage depth detection method called MSK...
Nitriding is a heat treatment process that is commonly used to enhance the surface properties of ferrous components. Traditional quality control uses sacrificial pieces that are destructively evaluated. However, efficient production requires quality...
Compressed sensing (CS) offers a framework for image acquisition, which has excellent potential in image sampling and compression applications due to the sub-Nyquist sampling rate and low complexity. In engineering practices, the resulting CS samples...
Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (16S) has long been a go-to method for microbiome characterization due to its accessibility and lower cost compared to shotgun metagenomic sequencing (SMS). However, 16S sequencing rarely provides species-level resolut...
Related studies analyzing the spatial structure of soil moisture from both horizontal and vertical directions, as well as the spacing interval distances of soil moisture sampling points in typical karst demonstration zones, are relatively rare. This...
Hadal seafloor organisms live under ultra-high pressure, in low temperatures, and other environments for a long time, which puts higher requirements on the structural design of deep-sea biological samplers. In this paper, we present a full-ocean-dept...
Testate amoebae are widely used as proxies in paleoecological reconstructions of lacustrine environments; however, our knowledge on their distribution along depth gradients are limited. This study investigates the distribution of benthic testate amoe...
Transcript sequencing is a crucial tool for gaining a deep understanding of biological processes in diagnostic and clinical medicine. Given their potential to study novel complex eukaryotic transcriptomes, long-read sequencing technologies are able t...
Soil type, crop management practices, annual plant growth patterns, and seasonal changes have all been shown to influence asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) roots. This study describes the changes in root growth that occur over the three establishment...
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