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Search Results (469)

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17 pages, 352 KiB  
Article
The Paradox of Mysticism in the Zhuangzi: Oneness, Multiplicity, and the Transformation of Self and Reality
by Jinjing Zhu
Religions 2025, 16(8), 1011; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16081011 - 5 Aug 2025
Abstract
This paper examines the four-stage process of mystical experience in the Huzi and Lady Yu allegories of the Zhuangzi. It begins with a lifeless stage enabled by the mystic’s purgation of the world and the self. It is followed by a revitalization stage [...] Read more.
This paper examines the four-stage process of mystical experience in the Huzi and Lady Yu allegories of the Zhuangzi. It begins with a lifeless stage enabled by the mystic’s purgation of the world and the self. It is followed by a revitalization stage in which Oneness is experienced not only as the introvertive experience of the self but also as the extrovertive truth of reality. It is then followed by the mystic’s experience of emptiness that transfigures reality through the reconciliation of things and the cessation of time and motion. Eventually it leads to the deconstruction of the transcendental Dao and the following of the spontaneity of things. The allegories provide a rich variety of mystical experiences, such as the exuberance of vitality, tranquil emptiness, and bliss in reconciliation. As the core theme of mysticism, Oneness is not regarded as the superior and final stage, but rather paves the way for the reconciliation of things in the co-presence of Oneness and multiplicity, and eventually leads to the deconstruction of Oneness and the return to the multiplicity of things. The pursuit of Oneness and the very deconstruction of it constitute the characteristic paradox of the Zhuangzi’s mysticism. Full article
13 pages, 1674 KiB  
Article
The Role of the Clinical Pharmacist in Hospital Admission Medication Reconciliation in Low-Resource Settings
by Tijana Kovačević, Sonja Nedinić, Vedrana Barišić, Branislava Miljković, Emir Fazlić, Slobodan Vukadinović and Pedja Kovačević
Pharmacy 2025, 13(4), 107; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy13040107 - 2 Aug 2025
Viewed by 136
Abstract
Medication discrepancies at hospital admission are common and may lead to adverse outcomes. Medication reconciliation is a critical process for minimizing medication discrepancies and medication errors at the time of hospital admission. This study aimed to evaluate the role of clinical pharmacists in [...] Read more.
Medication discrepancies at hospital admission are common and may lead to adverse outcomes. Medication reconciliation is a critical process for minimizing medication discrepancies and medication errors at the time of hospital admission. This study aimed to evaluate the role of clinical pharmacists in identifying pharmacotherapy-related issues upon patient admission in a low-resource setting. A prospective observational study was conducted at a university hospital between 1 March and 31 May 2023. Within 24 h of admission, a clinical pharmacist documented each patient’s pre-admission medication regimen and compared it with the medication history obtained by the admitting physician. Discrepancies and pharmacotherapy problems were subsequently identified. Among 65 patients, pharmacists documented 334 medications versus 189 recorded by physicians (p < 0.01). The clinical pharmacist identified 155 discrepancies, 112 (72.26%) of which were unintentional. The most frequent type was drug omission (91.07%), followed by incorrect dosage (4.46%), incorrect dosing interval (2.68%), and medications with unknown indications (1.79%). Most discrepancies were classified as errors without harm (53.57%), while 41.07% were potentially harmful. These findings underscore the importance of integrating clinical pharmacists into the healthcare team. Their active participation during hospital admission can significantly enhance medication safety and reduce preventable adverse drug events. Full article
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19 pages, 321 KiB  
Article
Richard Wilhelm’s “Cultural Approach to Evangelism” and His Contributions to the Spread of Christianity
by Yuan Tan, Jin Xuan and Tongyu Zhang
Religions 2025, 16(8), 997; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16080997 (registering DOI) - 31 Jul 2025
Viewed by 184
Abstract
This study focuses on Richard Wilhelm (1873–1930), a German Protestant missionary, employing archival research methods to examine his experiences in China and his contributions to the dissemination of Christianity. After arriving in Qingdao (青島) in 1899, Wilhelm adopted a missionary approach that was [...] Read more.
This study focuses on Richard Wilhelm (1873–1930), a German Protestant missionary, employing archival research methods to examine his experiences in China and his contributions to the dissemination of Christianity. After arriving in Qingdao (青島) in 1899, Wilhelm adopted a missionary approach that was relatively new to the German missionary community. Under the influence of the theory of “direct Christianity”, he focused on “cultural evangelism” in an effort to establish a non-dogmatic Chinese Christianity. By establishing modern schools and hospitals, he played a pivotal role in fostering reconciliation between Christian and non-Christian communities in China, thereby enhancing the legitimacy of Christian educational institutions within the indigenous educational framework. Furthermore, through extensive dialogues with both intellectual elites and ordinary citizens, Wilhelm demonstrated that traditional Confucian values are not inherently in conflict with Christian teachings. His missionary endeavors thus promoted the indigenization of Christianity in China and significantly facilitated Sino-German cultural exchange. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chinese Christianity: From Society to Culture)
37 pages, 5345 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Sources of Common Randomness Based on Keystream Generators with Shared Secret Keys
by Dejan Cizelj, Milan Milosavljević, Jelica Radomirović, Nikola Latinović, Tomislav Unkašević and Miljan Vučetić
Mathematics 2025, 13(15), 2443; https://doi.org/10.3390/math13152443 - 29 Jul 2025
Viewed by 168
Abstract
Secure autonomous secret key distillation (SKD) systems traditionally depend on external common randomness (CR) sources, which often suffer from instability and limited reliability over long-term operation. In this work, we propose a novel SKD architecture that synthesizes CR by combining a keystream of [...] Read more.
Secure autonomous secret key distillation (SKD) systems traditionally depend on external common randomness (CR) sources, which often suffer from instability and limited reliability over long-term operation. In this work, we propose a novel SKD architecture that synthesizes CR by combining a keystream of a shared-key keystream generator KSG(KG) with locally generated binary Bernoulli noise. This construction emulates the statistical properties of the classical Maurer satellite scenario while enabling deterministic control over key parameters such as bit error rate, entropy, and leakage rate (LR). We derive a closed-form lower bound on the equivocation of the shared-secret key  KG from the viewpoint of an adversary with access to public reconciliation data. This allows us to define an admissible operational region in which the system guarantees long-term secrecy through periodic key refreshes, without relying on advantage distillation. We integrate the Winnow protocol as the information reconciliation mechanism, optimized for short block lengths (N=8), and analyze its performance in terms of efficiency, LR, and final key disagreement rate (KDR). The proposed system operates in two modes: ideal secrecy, achieving secret key rates up to 22% under stringent constraints (KDR < 10−5, LR < 10−10), and perfect secrecy mode, which approximately halves the key rate. Notably, these security guarantees are achieved autonomously, without reliance on advantage distillation or external CR sources. Theoretical findings are further supported by experimental verification demonstrating the practical viability of the proposed system under realistic conditions. This study introduces, for the first time, an autonomous CR-based SKD system with provable security performance independent of communication channels or external randomness, thus enhancing the practical viability of secure key distribution schemes. Full article
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13 pages, 391 KiB  
Article
The Use of RE-AIM to Evaluate a Pharmacist-Led Transitions of Care Service for Multivisit Patients at a Regional Hospital
by Courtney E. Gamston, Salisa C. Westrick, Mafe Zmajevac, Jingjing Qian, Greg Peden, Dillon Hagan and Kimberly Braxton Lloyd
Pharmacy 2025, 13(4), 99; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy13040099 - 23 Jul 2025
Viewed by 194
Abstract
Pharmacist-led transitions of care (TOC) services decrease preventable hospital readmission. TOC service implementation assessment can inform translation to real-world settings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation of a TOC service for patients with multiple admissions at a regional hospital [...] Read more.
Pharmacist-led transitions of care (TOC) services decrease preventable hospital readmission. TOC service implementation assessment can inform translation to real-world settings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation of a TOC service for patients with multiple admissions at a regional hospital using the RE-AIM framework. In this quasi-experimental, non-randomized study, individuals with ≥2 recent hospitalizations received pharmacist-led discharge medication reconciliation and counseling, management of drug-related problems, post-discharge telephonic visits, and social support. The reach, effectiveness, implementation, and maintenance RE-AIM dimensions were assessed using patient and service records. Outcomes included 30-day readmission rates for individuals completing ≥1 outpatient pharmacist visit (intervention) versus those unreachable in the outpatient setting (comparison), completed interventions, implementation features, and service adaptations. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used for comparison of categorical variables and the t-test was used for continuous variables. From February 2022 to August 2023, 72.7% of the 66 service participants participated in the intervention (reach). Additionally, 30-day readmission was 22.9% (intervention) versus 55.6% (comparison; p = 0.01). In total, 2279 interventions were documented (effectiveness). The service was adapted (implementation) and expanded to include additional populations (maintenance) to enhance sustainability. Based on RE-AIM evaluation, the pharmacist-led TOC intervention appears to be a sustainable solution for addressing readmission in multivisit patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Pharmacy Practice and Practice-Based Research)
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18 pages, 1588 KiB  
Article
“Sacred Rock in the Way”—The Interplay of Modernity and Cultures in the Highway Construction of Southwest China
by Hai-Xia Zou, Heying Jenny Zhan and Alexandra Tosone
Societies 2025, 15(8), 207; https://doi.org/10.3390/soc15080207 - 22 Jul 2025
Viewed by 219
Abstract
Highway construction in China has bolstered Chinese claims of having the longest highways in the world, yet it has led to the involuntary relocation and resettlement of millions of people all over China. This study examines the interplay of power relationships in modernity [...] Read more.
Highway construction in China has bolstered Chinese claims of having the longest highways in the world, yet it has led to the involuntary relocation and resettlement of millions of people all over China. This study examines the interplay of power relationships in modernity and ethnic cultures. Using interviews with 201 Zhuang ethnic minority people and participant observations from two years in the Southwest of China, this paper presents findings that show both the positive and negative effects of urbanization and modernization as the consequence of highway expansion. By discussing the removal of a religious Sacred Rock which was in the way of the highway construction, the authors reveal the subtleties of the power interplay of majority–minority relations and the meanings of cultures and rituals in the face of modernity. In the process of modernization, highway construction reconstructs new communities while deconstructing the old one. The authors argue that recognizing the meanings of ethnic cultures as defined by ethnic people themselves is the first step to the reconciliation of social relationships between the majority and minority people in created new communities. To enhance social integration, religion has an important role to play in Chinese society. Full article
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23 pages, 1755 KiB  
Article
An Efficient Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with Parameter Optimization Using Elitist Elk Herd Random Immigrants Optimizer and Adaptive Depthwise Separable Convolutional Neural Network
by Vidhya Prakash Rajendran, Deepalakshmi Perumalsamy, Chinnasamy Ponnusamy and Ezhil Kalaimannan
Future Internet 2025, 17(7), 307; https://doi.org/10.3390/fi17070307 - 17 Jul 2025
Viewed by 309
Abstract
Quantum memory is essential for the prolonged storage and retrieval of quantum information. Nevertheless, no current studies have focused on the creation of effective quantum memory for continuous variables while accounting for the decoherence rate. This work presents an effective continuous-variable quantum key [...] Read more.
Quantum memory is essential for the prolonged storage and retrieval of quantum information. Nevertheless, no current studies have focused on the creation of effective quantum memory for continuous variables while accounting for the decoherence rate. This work presents an effective continuous-variable quantum key distribution method with parameter optimization utilizing the Elitist Elk Herd Random Immigrants Optimizer (2E-HRIO) technique. At the outset of transmission, the quantum device undergoes initialization and authentication via Compressed Hash-based Message Authentication Code with Encoded Post-Quantum Hash (CHMAC-EPQH). The settings are subsequently optimized from the authenticated device via 2E-HRIO, which mitigates the effects of decoherence by adaptively tuning system parameters. Subsequently, quantum bits are produced from the verified device, and pilot insertion is executed within the quantum bits. The pilot-inserted signal is thereafter subjected to pulse shaping using a Gaussian filter. The pulse-shaped signal undergoes modulation. Authenticated post-modulation, the prediction of link failure is conducted through an authenticated channel using Radial Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise. Subsequently, transmission occurs via a non-failure connection. The receiver performs channel equalization on the received signal with Recursive Regularized Least Mean Squares. Subsequently, a dataset for side-channel attack authentication is gathered and preprocessed, followed by feature extraction and classification using Adaptive Depthwise Separable Convolutional Neural Networks (ADS-CNNs), which enhances security against side-channel attacks. The quantum state is evaluated based on the signal received, and raw data are collected. Thereafter, a connection is established between the transmitter and receiver. Both the transmitter and receiver perform the scanning process. Thereafter, the calculation and correction of the error rate are performed based on the sifting results. Ultimately, privacy amplification and key authentication are performed using the repaired key via B-CHMAC-EPQH. The proposed system demonstrated improved resistance to decoherence and side-channel attacks, while achieving a reconciliation efficiency above 90% and increased key generation rate. Full article
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15 pages, 1211 KiB  
Review
Epidemiology of Chronic Hepatitis C in First Nations Populations in Canadian Prairie Provinces
by Kate P. R. Dunn, Dennis Wardman, Maxim Trubnikov, Chris Sarin, Tom Wong, Hongqun Liu and Samuel S. Lee
Pathogens 2025, 14(7), 693; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14070693 - 14 Jul 2025
Viewed by 338
Abstract
Current structural barriers experienced by First Nations in Canada shape access and engagement for testing and treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. This non-systematic informative review considers transdisciplinary perspectives, regional data, and published literature connecting context to the disproportionate HCV burden experienced [...] Read more.
Current structural barriers experienced by First Nations in Canada shape access and engagement for testing and treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. This non-systematic informative review considers transdisciplinary perspectives, regional data, and published literature connecting context to the disproportionate HCV burden experienced by First Nations populations in the prairie provinces of Canada, and offers examples of participatory and community-led initiatives working toward the elimination of HCV as a public health threat. First Nations in Canada are disproportionately impacted by chronic HCV infection, with a reported rate of newly diagnosed HCV cases in First Nations communities five times the respective rate in the general Canadian population in 2022. This review explores the reasons underlying the disproportionate burden of HCV infection. Significant over-representation of First Nations in the Canadian Prairies is seen in the major risk categories for HCV acquisition, and the impact of these risk factors is aggravated by barriers to accessing healthcare services and medication coverage. These barriers stem from the legacy of colonialism, discrimination, disenfranchisement, and are exacerbated by stigmatization, victimization, and racism in the justice and healthcare systems. Other contributory factors that impede access to care include inadequate healthcare clinic staffing and infrastructure in First Nations communities, and significant geographical distances between First Nations reserves and laboratories, pharmacies, and treating/prescribing healthcare providers. Recent recognition of historical harms and early steps towards nation-to-nation reconciliation, along with support for culturally connected, holistic, and First Nations-led wellness programs, instill hope that elimination strategies to eradicate HCV infection in First Nations populations will be successful in Canada. Full article
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38 pages, 5287 KiB  
Article
Comparative Analysis of Throughput Prediction Models in SAG Mill Circuits: A Geometallurgical Approach
by Madeleine Guillen, Guillermo Iriarte, Hector Montes, Gerardo San Martín and Nicole Fantini
Mining 2025, 5(3), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/mining5030037 - 20 Jun 2025
Viewed by 447
Abstract
This study was conducted on a copper porphyry deposit located in Espinar, Cusco (Peru), with the objective of developing and comparing predictive models for processing capacity in SAG grinding circuits. A total of 174 samples were used for the JK Drop Weight Test [...] Read more.
This study was conducted on a copper porphyry deposit located in Espinar, Cusco (Peru), with the objective of developing and comparing predictive models for processing capacity in SAG grinding circuits. A total of 174 samples were used for the JK Drop Weight Test (JKDWT) and 1172 for the Bond Work Index (BWi), along with 36 months of operational plant data. Three modeling methodologies were evaluated: DWi-BWi, SGI-BWi, and SMC-BWi (Mia, Mib), all integrated into a geometallurgical block model. Validation was performed through reconciliation with actual plant data, considering operational constraints such as transfer size (T80) and maximum throughput (TPH). The model based on SMC parameters and BWi showed the best predictive performance, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 143 t/h and a mean relative deviation of 1.5%. This approach enables more accurate throughput forecasting, improving mine planning and operational efficiency. The results highlight the importance of integrating geometallurgical and operational data to build robust models that are adaptable to ore variability and applicable to both short- and long-term planning scenarios. Full article
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20 pages, 476 KiB  
Article
The Recovery of Lu Xiujing’s Daughter: Family Ethics in Daoxue Zhuan 道學傳
by Mianheng Liu
Religions 2025, 16(6), 790; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16060790 - 17 Jun 2025
Viewed by 426
Abstract
This paper re-examines the story of Lu Xiujing’s 陆修静 (406–477) abandonment of his ailing daughter, as recorded in Daoxue zhuan 道學傳 (Biographies of the Adepts of the Dao, hereafter DXZ), to challenge prevailing scholarly interpretations of this story that emphasize Daoist familial [...] Read more.
This paper re-examines the story of Lu Xiujing’s 陆修静 (406–477) abandonment of his ailing daughter, as recorded in Daoxue zhuan 道學傳 (Biographies of the Adepts of the Dao, hereafter DXZ), to challenge prevailing scholarly interpretations of this story that emphasize Daoist familial renunciation as a Buddhist-influenced complete rejection of Confucian ethics. Through close analysis of biographies in DXZ, Lu’s own writings, and the compiler Ma Shu’s 馬樞 (522–581) life, the study criticizes the habitual thinking of scholars that overemphasizes the tendency of early medieval Chinese Daoism to leave home, and argues that DXZ takes the protagonists in the biographies as models to convey the ethical concept of striving to reconcile the Daoist concept of leaving home to pursue religion aim with the family harmony advocated by traditional Confucianism, and it offers some feasible ideas for resolving the Confucian–Daoist ethical tensions. Ma Shu’s biographical strategy, reflecting his own Confucian-educated background engaged with Daoist belief, positions Lu as an exemplar of this balance. By contextualizing these accounts within social realities and compiler intentionality, the study advances a revised understanding of early medieval Daoist ethics, that is, an effort to pursue the harmonious coexistence of religious pursuits and family care. Full article
23 pages, 7452 KiB  
Article
Robust Data Reconciliation in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Thermal Systems: From Framework Design to Performance Evaluation
by Jiarui You, Yikang Liu and Yonghui Xie
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(12), 6731; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126731 - 16 Jun 2025
Viewed by 307
Abstract
A number of studies have been carried out to analyze the theoretical performance of super critical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) systems, but monitoring its actual performance when gross errors appear in measurements can be quite challenging. This paper proposes a robust data [...] Read more.
A number of studies have been carried out to analyze the theoretical performance of super critical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) systems, but monitoring its actual performance when gross errors appear in measurements can be quite challenging. This paper proposes a robust data reconciliation framework to cope with the gross errors happening in S-CO2 systems. A schematic S-CO2 recompression cycle was constructed with different types of measurement sensors, and various estimators with tuned parameters were evaluated to compare their performance. A hybrid strategy with two optimization solvers was designed to ensure the convergence of the solution. Results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed robust data reconciliation framework, where the mean relative error (MRE) of all measurements can be reduced from 1.02% to 0.39%, and the MRE of the gross errors can even be reduced from 4.79% down to only 1.11%. Statistics indicated that the Welsch estimator offered the best overall performance, while the Cauchy estimator proved to be more stable. The methods and conclusions provided in this paper can inspire subsequent research on data processing and the operation optimization of real S-CO2 systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Energy Science and Technology)
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16 pages, 1049 KiB  
Article
Ritual and Assemblage: Reading Hybrid Elegy Through Changing American Death Practices
by Anastasia Nikolis
Humanities 2025, 14(6), 127; https://doi.org/10.3390/h14060127 - 11 Jun 2025
Viewed by 462
Abstract
In American Hybrid (2009), Cole Swenson describes hybrid poetics as a reconciliation between the two dominant poetic traditions of the 20th century, which might be called lyric and experimental (xx–xxi). More recently, however, “hybrid” refers to any work blurring boundaries between poetry and [...] Read more.
In American Hybrid (2009), Cole Swenson describes hybrid poetics as a reconciliation between the two dominant poetic traditions of the 20th century, which might be called lyric and experimental (xx–xxi). More recently, however, “hybrid” refers to any work blurring boundaries between poetry and other genres. This is most notable in the ever-increasing interest in the lyric essay but also in the constant revision of contemporary elegy as anti-elegy. In Poetry of Mourning, Jahan Ramazani defines anti-elegy in terms of its refusal of consolation and instead its seeking of more melancholic mourning. Subsequently, as noted by Bardazzi, Binetti, and Culler, “Elegy remains a poetic genre and yet, it has also developed a ‘mode of discourse’ that moves beyond its literary borders and finds its expressions in entangled intra-actions between the most diverse range of elegiac objects”. In the early 21st century, hybrid elegy represents the collision of two major changes in American culture: the changing nature of American death rituals and the increasingly intermedial literary landscape. Drawing on examples from Nox by Anne Carson and Ghost Of by Diane Khoi Nguyen, an elegiac version of the hyper-personalized American death ritual is inscribed in assemblages of images and text on the page. When read as a personalized American death ritual, the hybrid elegy materializes its own tradition and poetics, which are expressed in the poetic constraints of assemblage and recognizable in their reliance on elegiac repetition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hybridity and Border Crossings in Contemporary North American Poetry)
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17 pages, 749 KiB  
Article
Unveiling Drug-Drug Interactions in Dental Patients: A Retrospective Real-World Study
by Daiana Colibășanu, Sebastian Mihai Ardelean, Florina-Diana Goldiș, Maria-Medana Drăgoi, Sabina-Oana Vasii, Tamara Maksimović, Șerban Colibășanu, Codruța Șoica and Lucreția Udrescu
Dent. J. 2025, 13(6), 255; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13060255 - 9 Jun 2025
Viewed by 661
Abstract
Background: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are a growing safety concern in dental care, particularly among patients with comorbidities and polypharmacy. However, real-world data (RWD) on the prevalence and severity of DDIs in dental settings remain scarce. Objectives: This study aimed to assess [...] Read more.
Background: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are a growing safety concern in dental care, particularly among patients with comorbidities and polypharmacy. However, real-world data (RWD) on the prevalence and severity of DDIs in dental settings remain scarce. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the frequency, severity, and clinical relevance of DDIs in dental patients and to identify age- and comorbidity-related risk patterns. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed a cohort of 105 dental patients, considering demographics, preexisting diseases, dental procedures, and prescribed medications. We examined drug-drug interactions (DDIs) employing the DrugBank Drug Interaction Checker, which yields DDI severity into major, moderate, or minor. Results: 45.7% of patients had preexisting diseases, with cardiovascular diseases most prevalent (19.0%). Higher prevalent dental diagnoses and procedures included apical lesions (47.6%) and tooth extractions (53.3%), suggesting frequent pharmacotherapy exposure. We identified 542 DDIs out of 1332 drug pairs and found 2.3% major, 25.0% moderate, and 13.4% minor, with 59.3% showing no interactions. Key high-risk DDIs included epinephrine with beta-blockers. Fifteen patients aged 31–60 years experienced the most major DDIs of 61.3%, patients ≥ 61 years faced 38.7%, and the 0–30 group had none, highlighting age-specific risks. The higher DDIs burden in the 31–60 age group may reflect better knowledge of the drugs they used and accurate reporting of them. Conclusions: Our retrospective study addresses the paucity of dental DDIs real-world data (RWD) studies, pleading for improved drug reconciliation, systematic screening, and age- and comorbidity-tailored strategies to enhance patient safety. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Preventive Dentistry and Public Health)
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15 pages, 225 KiB  
Article
War and Peace in Modern Hindu Thought—Gandhi, Aurobindo, and Vivekananda in Conversation
by Jeffery D. Long
Religions 2025, 16(6), 734; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16060734 - 6 Jun 2025
Viewed by 392
Abstract
Mohandas Gandhi (1869–1948) and Aurobindo Ghose (1872–1950) hold distinct, yet overlapping, positions on the topic of war and peace, violence and nonviolence, and how evil ought to best be confronted. To some extent, the overlaps in their views can be seen as an [...] Read more.
Mohandas Gandhi (1869–1948) and Aurobindo Ghose (1872–1950) hold distinct, yet overlapping, positions on the topic of war and peace, violence and nonviolence, and how evil ought to best be confronted. To some extent, the overlaps in their views can be seen as an effect of them basing their respective ideals on a shared foundation of Hindu teaching. More specifically, at least some portion of this overlap can potentially be seen as a function of the influence exerted upon both of these thinkers by the teachings of Swami Vivekananda, who was an inspiration to many modern Hindu thinkers, including both Gandhi and Ghose, as both figures attest. This paper will argue, apart from any historical influence he may or may not have had upon them, that Gandhi’s and Ghose’s views both, in different senses, comport well with the teaching of Swami Vivekananda. Specifically, the argument will be what could be called the utopian and realist orientations of Gandhi and Ghose, respectively, regarding the topic of violence, and we can find a logical reconciliation in Vivekananda’s philosophy of karma yoga: the path to liberation through service to the suffering beings of the world. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue War and Peace in Religious Culture)
12 pages, 260 KiB  
Article
Communication That Gives Life to Leadership: An Exegetical Analysis of John 1:1–18
by Joseph Pastori
Religions 2025, 16(6), 725; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel16060725 - 4 Jun 2025
Viewed by 417
Abstract
The definitive demonstration of effective leadership is the ability to communicate with purpose in such a way that gives life to ideas and accomplishes organizational objectives. God’s message of grace to humanity was the Word, his Son Jesus Christ. God’s mode of communication [...] Read more.
The definitive demonstration of effective leadership is the ability to communicate with purpose in such a way that gives life to ideas and accomplishes organizational objectives. God’s message of grace to humanity was the Word, his Son Jesus Christ. God’s mode of communication is an example to us. As “The Word became flesh”—a living reality testifying of God’s grace—so must our communication have purpose and fulfillment. Because of its emphasis on building relationships through the communication process, leader–member exchange (LMX) theory provides a valid framework that describes how God demonstrated leadership and facilitated reconciliation with humanity through the Word. An exegetical analysis of John 1:1–18 considering LMX theory offered seven principles of effective communication. Full article
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