Search Results (190)

There is increasing interest in structured layered double hydroxide (LDH)-based catalysts because they combine tunable acid–base/redox chemistry with reactor architectures that can reduce diffusion lengths, improve heat management, and lower pressure-drop penalties. This review evaluates LDH, LDH-derived oxide (LDO/MMO), reduced metal/LDO, reconstructed hydroxide-rich, and mixed dynamic states integrated into honeycomb monoliths, open-cell foams, meshes/felts, thin films, washcoats, coated plates, microchannels, capillaries, and additively manufactured lattices. To move beyond descriptive comparison, the literature is assessed using unified evaluation dimensions: operative active state, support architecture, coating/integration route, active-phase loading, coating thickness and uniformity, reactor-volume-normalized productivity or STY, ΔP/L, axial/radial thermal gradients, time-on-stream, coating loss, regeneration recovery, and pilot-readiness. Representative benchmarks illustrate both the promise and reporting gaps of the field: NiFe-LDH-derived monoliths for CO₂ methanation have reached ~70% CO₂ conversion at 300 °C with >90% CH₄ selectivity and only 0.7% post-test mass loss; NiFe-LDH/iron-foam monoliths retained 85% ozone conversion after 168 h; high-entropy LDH-derived oxides showed T50/T90 values of 246/254 °C for toluene oxidation; and Au/LDH capillary films achieved 31.9% glycerol carbonate yield and 3.78 g h⁻¹ g⁻¹ productivity. The strongest current cases are pollution abatement and CO₂ methanation, whereas biomass upgrading, fine-chemical flow, high-entropy coatings, and photo/electrocatalytic films require deeper module-level validation. Overall, structured LDH catalysts should be treated as coupled chemistry–coating–reactor systems whose performance must be judged simultaneously by activity, accessible catalyst inventory, transport efficiency, pressure drop, thermal profile, durability, regeneration, and manufacturability. Full article

This study presents an Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)-based methodology for the optimal placement of lithium-ion battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in radial electrical distribution networks. The proposed framework integrates base-case power-flow assessment, critical-bus identification, discrete BESS siting, technical–economic objective evaluation, and post-optimization validation. The methodology is applied to the IEEE 33-bus radial distribution test system, where the initial operating condition is characterized in terms of nodal voltage profile, voltage deviation, voltage-stability index, active-power losses, and annual loss cost. The optimization process identifies buses 13 and 31 as the most suitable locations for two identical BESS units, with the reported validation case evaluating each unit at upper admissible capacity limits of $1000\mathrm{kW}$ and $4000\mathrm{kWh}$. The obtained results show that the optimized BESS allocation increases the minimum voltage profile to values above $0.94\mathrm{p}.\mathrm{u}.$, raises the voltage-stability index to more than 0.88, reduces active-power losses to approximately $0.0166\mathrm{p}.\mathrm{u}.$, and decreases the annual cost associated with active-power losses by more than $66\%$ relative to the base case. Additional validation through sensitivity analysis, repeated stochastic runs, operating-mode evaluation, and comparison against a genetic algorithm confirms the consistency and robustness of the proposed ACO-based methodology. The results demonstrate that the proposed framework provides a technically consistent and computationally accessible solution for improving voltage regulation, reducing feeder losses, and lowering loss-related operating costs in radial distribution systems. Full article

Background/Objectives: Radial artery spasm (RAS) is an important complication during transradial coronary angiography that may negatively affect procedural success and reduce patient comfort. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effects of intravenous (IV) and intra-arterial (IA) heparin administration on the development of RAS. Methods: This prospective, observational parallel-group cohort study included a total of 223 patients undergoing transradial coronary angiography. Patients were divided into two groups, receiving either IV heparin (n = 77) or IA heparin (n = 146). All patients received a standard dose of unfractionated heparin (5000 IU) and an IA spasmolytic cocktail consisting of 2.5 mg verapamil and 100 mcg nitroglycerin. RAS was defined as pain during the procedure, resistance during catheter manipulation, or the need for crossover. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed. Results: RAS developed in 40 of 223 patients (17.9%). The incidence of RAS was significantly higher in the IA heparin group than in the IV heparin group (23.3% [34/146] vs. 7.8% [6/77]; p = 0.004). Crossover to femoral access due to severe spasm was observed only in the IA group (6.2% [9/146] vs. 0% [0/77]; p = 0.026). Patients who developed RAS were younger, required a greater number of catheters, had longer angiography duration, and were exposed to a higher total radiation dose (p < 0.05 for all). In ROC analysis, the number of catheters used and angiography duration showed comparable performance in predicting RAS. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, IA heparin administration and the number of catheters used were identified as independent predictors of RAS. Conclusions: During transradial coronary angiography, intravenous heparin administration is associated with a significantly lower frequency of RAS and a reduced need for femoral crossover compared with intra-arterial administration. IV heparin may represent an easily applicable strategy for RAS prevention, although causality cannot be established from this observational study. Full article

Background/Objectives: Transradial access (TRA) is the preferred route for coronary catheterization, yet its consequences for radial artery vasoreactivity and hemodynamic parameters remain incompletely characterized. We prospectively quantified TRA-induced functional impairment, its clinical determinants, and the association of baseline parameters with post-procedural outcomes. Methods: Ninety-four consecutive patients undergoing elective TRA were assessed at baseline, 24 h, and one month using high-resolution Doppler ultrasound. Nine vascular parameters were measured: flow-mediated dilation (FMD), nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NMD), peak systolic velocity (PSV), resistive index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), resting and hyperemic velocity-time integral, hyperemic blood flow volume, and lumen diameter. Non-parametric methods were applied throughout. Results: FMD declined at 24 h (−31.2%; p < 0.001) and showed no significant recovery at one month (p = 0.08 vs. 24 h). NMD showed a greater acute decline (−36.6%; p < 0.001) with partial but statistically significant recovery at one month (p < 0.001). PSV recovered fully by one month; RI fell below baseline, consistent with compensatory microvascular vasodilation. Radial artery lumen diameter remained significantly below baseline at one month. Radial artery occlusion occurred in 4 patients (4.3%), all with spontaneous recanalization. Female sex was selectively associated with greater NMD reduction (ΔNMD −8.3% vs. −5.8%; p = 0.005) without a statistically significant FMD difference (p = 0.40). Older age correlated with impaired FMD recovery at one month (ρ = −0.62; p < 0.001) but not with NMD outcomes. Baseline PSV demonstrated the highest discriminatory performance for significant FMD decline (AUC = 0.73). Conclusions: TRA causes multidomain, persistent radial artery functional impairment at one month, with distinct recovery trajectories for endothelial and smooth muscle function. Female sex and advanced age are selective determinants of injury and recovery, respectively. A pre-procedural phenotype comprising baseline diameter, PSV, RI, and age is associated with post-procedural outcomes and supports further investigation of pre-procedural phenotyping as a candidate framework for risk stratification. Full article

Background: Coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention are essential procedures for managing coronary artery disease but expose patients and healthcare personnel to ionizing radiation. Radiation exposure varies with procedural complexity and vascular access route, and repeated occupational exposure in catheterization laboratories (cath-labs) has been linked to serious health hazards among operators. Objectives: Given the high procedural volume and limited routine monitoring at Bangladesh Medical University (BMU), Bangladesh, this study aimed to quantify operator radiation exposure and identify factors influencing radiation dose. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2023 to April 2024 in two cardiac cath-labs at BMU using two Siemens Axiom Artis angiography systems. Patient, operator, and procedural data, including demographics, operator experience, procedure type, vascular access route, fluoroscopic view, procedure duration, and radiation exposure, were collected from randomly selected routine procedures. Operator radiation exposure was measured at four working positions using a dosimeter, and cumulative annual exposure was estimated based on procedural workload. Descriptive, univariable, and multivariable analyses were performed to identify factors associated with radiation exposure. Results: The study analyzed 776 procedures, in which most patients were aged 46–65 years and male. The majority of procedures were coronary angiography performed via the femoral route. On average, each procedure required 14.28 fluoroscopic views and lasted 8.16 min, with a mean radiation exposure of 1034.5 mGy. Procedural complexity, radial access, and stent use were associated with higher fluoroscopic views, longer procedure time, and increased radiation exposure. Multivariable analysis showed that procedure type and stent number are primarily determinants for the number of fluoroscopic views, while procedure time was mainly driven by imaging demand and vascular access route. Radiation exposure was strongly associated with both procedure time and the number of views, and was higher among male and older patients but slightly lower with femoral access and among older operators. Direct measurements showed higher radiation levels near the operator’s X-ray beam, while estimated annual operator exposure remained low inside the lead apron (0.03–0.05 mSv) compared with outside the lead apron (0.6–1.1 mSv), which is within the limit of internationally accepted cumulative absorbed radiation. Conclusions: This study provides the first comprehensive evaluation of operator radiation exposure in a cardiac cath-lab in the country and the wider region. Procedural characteristics, particularly fluoroscopy use and procedural complexity, were the primary determinants of radiation exposure, while effective shielding and increased distance substantially reduced operator dose. These findings highlight the importance of imaging optimization and consistent implementation of the ALARA principle through structured radiation safety training and careful procedural planning to further minimize occupational exposure. Full article

Background. Despite technological innovations and improvements in stents and devices, sex-related discrepancies are still reported in the outcomes after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), depending on biological and sex-specific pathophysiological differences, which have not been completely understood. The aim of the present study was to provide real-world data on the prognostic role of sex among patients with STEMI, enclosed into a recent up-to-date international registry. Methods. The ISACS-STEMI COVID-19 is a large-scale retrospective registry, including STEMI patients treated with mechanical reperfusion between 1 March and 30 June, 2019 and 2020. Patients, treated in 109 centers across Europe, Latin America, Southeast Asia, and North Africa, were grouped according to sex. Primary endpoint: In-hospital mortality; secondary endpoints: Time delay, 30-day mortality, and postprocedural Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 3 flow. Results. We included 16,083 patients, 24.3% females (54.3% hospitalized in 2019, 45.7% in 2020). Women with STEMI were older, more often diabetic and hypertensive (p < 0.001), with a higher prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (p = 0.02), longer ischemia time (p = 0.01), ambulance referral (p = 0.03) and cardiogenic shock at presentation (p = 0.05), but less frequently smokers, with a previous cardiovascular event (p < 0.001) or anterior STEMI (p = 0.03) as compared to males. Preprocedural TIMI 0 flow, multivessel disease, need for thrombectomy (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively), use of Glycoprotein IIbIIIa inhibitors or cangrelor, radial access and implantation of drug-eluting stents (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) were also more common in men. Impaired postprocedural epicardial reperfusion (TIMI flow 0–2) was observed more frequently in females as compared to males (10% vs. 7.2%; adjusted OR [95% CI] = 1.30 [1.13–1.49], p = 0.01). In-hospital mortality was 5.8%, significantly higher among women (8.3% vs. 5%, p < 0.001, adjusted HR [95% CI] = 1.26 [1.06–1.5], p = 0.01). Similar data were observed for 30-day mortality (10.3% vs. 6.2%, p < 0.001, adjusted HR [95% CI] = 1.22 [1.06–1.38], p = 0.007). Conclusions. Among STEMI patients being treated with the most updated standard of care for primary percutaneous coronary intervention, female sex is still associated with higher complexity and impaired prognosis, displaying suboptimal epicardial reperfusion and increased in-hospital and 30-day mortality. Full article

This paper presents a unified, data-driven optimization framework for the planning and operation of an arbitrary number N of grid-connected microgrids connected to a distribution feeder. Each microgrid is represented as a controllable energy entity comprising local loads, battery energy storage systems (BESS) modeled through their State of Energy (SOE), and optional local generation. The microgrids are embedded explicitly in a radial distribution network subject to hosting-capacity and ramp-rate constraints at the point of common coupling (PCC). Unlike many existing studies that rely on synthetic or stylized demand profiles, this work employs real, open-access hourly load data from the Electricity Load Measurements and Analysis (ELMAS) dataset (France) to construct heterogeneous residential, commercial, and industrial microgrid instances. A plug-and-play integration rule is formulated at the planning level: the connection of an additional microgrid is admissible if and only if the enlarged optimization problem remains feasible and all reliability, network, and safety-oriented constraints are satisfied. The deterministic formulation is extended to handle uncertainty via scenario-based stochastic modeling of load variability. A comprehensive case study based on real French load profiles illustrates how feeder hosting capacity can be quantified in terms of the maximum number of microgrids that can be safely integrated. The results demonstrate that coordinated planning significantly improves PCC behavior, reduces operational stress, and provides a clear quantitative criterion for plug-and-play microgrid integration in distribution networks. Full article

Bleeding risk assessment is a critical component of the management of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), yet the optimal approach to risk stratification remains controversial. Although several bleeding risk scores have been developed, their predictive performance in STEMI populations is still evolving. Importantly, bleeding risk in STEMI is dynamic and influenced by clinical status, procedural factors, and antithrombotic strategies, underscoring the need for continuous reassessment throughout hospitalization. Bleeding avoidance measures—including radial access, judicious use of anticoagulation, and individualized antiplatelet therapy—play a pivotal role in reducing complications. Balancing ischemic and hemorrhagic risks is particularly challenging in patients with concomitantly high thrombotic and bleeding risks, requiring tailored management strategies. As bleeding remains a major determinant of prognosis, refining risk stratification tools and integrating evidence-based bleeding prevention strategies into clinical practice are essential. This narrative review summarizes the current evidence regarding the identification of high bleeding risk in hospitalized patients with STEMI and discusses its clinical implications. Also, this review proposes a dynamic, phase-specific framework for in-hospital bleeding risk assessment and management in patients with STEMI. Full article

The public deployment of electric vehicle charging stations must simultaneously balance construction economics, user accessibility, queueing pressure, feeder security, tail risk under demand uncertainty, and spatial fairness. These criteria are strongly coupled, yet most existing studies either rely on static optimization with limited behavioral realism or use multi-agent reinforcement learning for short-term charging operation rather than for long-term siting. This paper proposes a preference-conditioned multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient (PC-MADDPG) framework for the urban charging station siting problem in a coupled traffic–distribution environment. Candidate charging sites are modeled as cooperative agents under centralized training and decentralized execution. Each agent outputs a continuous pile-allocation action, which is repaired into an integer expansion plan under a budget constraint. The environment evaluates each plan through attraction-based demand assignment, queue approximation, LinDistFlow-style feeder analysis, and a six-objective performance vector, including annual net cost, travel burden, service inconvenience, grid penalty, CVaR of unmet charging demand, and equity loss. On a reproducible benchmark with 12 demand zones, 10 candidate sites, an 11-bus radial feeder, and 16 stochastic daily scenarios, the proposed framework generates a non-dominated archive with 42 unique feasible plans. A representative PC-MADDPG solution opens 5 of 10 candidate sites and installs 20 fast-charging piles, achieving 99.88% mean demand coverage with an annual profit of 2.083 M$ and a maximum line utilization of 0.999. Relative to the NoGrid ablation, the selected full model reduces grid penalty by 23.87% and equity Gini by 51.08%, with only a 0.35% profit concession. Relative to the NoRisk ablation, the CVaR of unmet demand is lowered by 69.70%. Compared with a demand-greedy baseline, the proposed method reduces grid penalty by 11.72% and equity Gini by 25.19% while preserving similar demand coverage. These results provide proof-of-concept evidence, on a reproducible coupled benchmark, that preference-conditioned multi-agent learning can serve as a practical many-objective siting engine for charging-infrastructure planning when coupled traffic and feeder constraints are explicitly modeled. Full article

Background: Quality of life (QoL) after transradial access in diagnostic cerebral angiography may be shaped by procedural demands as well as by the ambulatory setting itself. This study, for the first time, prospectively explored this dimension through follow-up assessments of QoL after the procedure. Methods: In this prospective study, QoL was assessed using the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36), including the Physical and Mental Component Summary (PCS and MCS) as well as eight domain-specific subscales. After right transradial cerebral angiography, the SF-36 questionnaire was administered at baseline (pre-procedure), as well as at 1-month and 3-month follow-up visits. Mean PCS and MCS values were analyzed over time using linear mixed-effects regression models. In post hoc analyses, univariate and multivariable models were used to assess the influence of potential confounders. For subgroup analysis, patients were classified as transient deteriorators if PCS and/or MCS worsened by more than 0.5 SD at 1 month compared with baseline but not at 3 months. Permanent deteriorators were defined as worsening by more than 0.5 SD at both 1 month and 3 months compared with baseline. Results: A total of 35 patients (62.9% female) were recruited over the 12-month study period, with a mean age of 59.1 ± 10.1 years. No significant overall time effect was observed for mean PCS and MCS (p = 0.970 and p = 0.076). MCS showed a significant increase at 1 month compared with baseline (p = 0.046), with a trend toward significance at 3 months (p = 0.053). In post hoc analyses, sex, neurosurgical status, and dose area product were associated with MCS in univariate analyses (p < 0.05), but these associations did not persist after multivariable adjustment. For PCS, only age showed a significant association in univariate analysis (p < 0.05). In subgroup analyses, transient deterioration was more frequent in PCS than in MCS (11.4% [95% CI 3.2–26.7%] vs. 5.7% [95% CI 0.7–19.2%]), and permanent deterioration was also more common in PCS at 1- and 3-month follow-up (14.3% [95% CI 4.8–30.3%] vs. 8.6% [95% CI 1.8–23.1%]). Impairment predominantly involved the bodily pain subscale (88.9% [95% CI 51.8–99.7%]) within PCS and the vitality (80.0% [95% CI 28.4–99.5%]) and mental health sub-scales (80.0% [95% CI 28.4–99.5%]) within MCS. Conclusions: This short-term follow-up assessment demonstrated preserved QoL following transradial diagnostic cerebral angiography. Transient or permanent deterioration occurred in no more than five patients per subgroup (14%). These findings support the notion that a radial-first approach can be safely considered for diagnostic cerebral angiography without compromising patient-reported outcomes. Full article

Human serum albumin (HSA) binding critically influences drug distribution and pharmacokinetics. In this study, HSA affinity chromatography was integrated with machine-learning-based quantitative structure–retention relationship (QSRR) modeling to elucidate structural determinants of albumin binding in a library of 115 fluoroquinolone (FQs) derivatives. Experimentally determined logk_HSA values were obtained using biomimetic chromatography, and these were then used as modelling endpoints. Following descriptor reduction via Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) and systematic benchmarking of 42 regression algorithms, support vector regression (SVR) and nu-support vector regression (ν-SVR) with radial basis function kernels demonstrated superior predictive performance. A parsimonious 12-descriptor ν-SVR model achieved strong calibration and validation metrics (R² = 0.916, Q²_test = 0.823, concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) = 0.899) and satisfied Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) criteria, including applicability domain assessment. Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP)-based interpretation revealed that albumin binding is governed by a balance between hydrophobic surface area and distributed electronic properties, whereas excessive localized polarity and quaternary ammonium functionalities reduce affinity. This experimentally anchored and interpretable modeling framework provides mechanistic insight into HSA binding in fluoroquinolones and offers a robust tool for rational pharmacokinetic optimization. Furthermore, in order to make the model easily accessible to users, we have packaged it in the form of an online application. Full article

Minimally invasive parafascicular surgery (MIPS) represents a paradigm shift in the management of deep-seated brain tumors, enabling function-sparing resections previously limited to biopsy and/or medical therapy. Central to MIPS are structured frameworks guiding preoperative planning and intraoperative execution. The six-pillar concept—comprising imaging, navigation, atraumatic access, optics, resection, and postoperative care—provides a comprehensive approach to integrate advanced neuroimaging, tractography, tubular retractor systems, fluorescence-guided resection, and neuromonitoring to optimize functional outcomes. Five-point target-trajectory complex planning—craniotomy, outer radial corridor, inner radial corridor, target, and resection margins—translates preoperative imaging and functional mapping into a precise surgical trajectory, balancing maximal tumor resection with minimal disruption of eloquent brain structures. Preoperative assessment of tumor characteristics, vascular relationships, and cortical eloquence informs trajectory planning and intraoperative adjustments. A critical determinant of MIPS success is the intraoperative golden hour, referring to the high-risk period surrounding brain cannulation with a tubular retractor. Key principles include (1) precannulation system checks to ensure instrument readiness; (2) access injury prevention through optimized craniotomy sizing and sulcal preparation; (3) tubular-tumor targeting accuracy addressing brain and tubular translation, tumor displacement, and white-matter sleeves; and (4) intracranial pressure control strategies to minimize tissue strain and venous congestion. Overcoming this period enables a controlled resection phase guided by the above-mentioned surgical adjuncts. The six-pillar concept and five-point target-trajectory complex planning are the foundations of MIPS planning, whereas the intraoperative golden hour provides a roadmap for successful intraoperative delivery of the surgical plan. Full article

Under China’s “Dual Carbon” goals, the electric vehicle (EV) industry has expanded rapidly, while the imbalance between supply and demand in public charging infrastructure (PCI) has emerged as a critical bottleneck. Accordingly, a structural assessment of PCI demand potential is essential for improving planning effectiveness. Focusing on the seven municipal districts of Qingdao, this study developed a dual-dimensional framework integrating physical space and population activity. Five core factors were incorporated: road network accessibility, road network betweenness, POI functional mixing density, population distribution density, and nighttime light intensity. By integrating Spatial Design Network Analysis (sDNA), Kernel Density Estimation (KDE), and the entropy weighting method, we conducted a structural assessment of PCI demand potential and derived spatial demand tiers and hierarchy. The results indicate that: (1) road network betweenness had the highest weight (0.396), acting as the dominant driver of structural demand potential, followed by POI functional mixing density (0.271), whereas nighttime light intensity (0.151) and population distribution density (0.143) functioned as baseline supportive indicators; (2) spatial demand was classified into five levels (Levels 1–5), with Level 1 hotspots exhibiting a radial spatial structure characterized by “one primary core, four secondary cores, three corridors, and multiple nodes”; and (3) while the existing PCI distribution exhibited overall gradient consistency with the structurally derived demand tiers, quantitative deviation results indicated localized mismatches, including under-allocation in high-demand areas and over-allocation in selected lower-demand pockets. The proposed dual-dimensional framework facilitates the identification of structural demand gradients for PCI by explicitly incorporating traffic-flow potential, functional aggregation, and population concentration. These findings provide planning-oriented diagnostic support for PCI configuration and contribute to the sustainable transformation of urban transportation systems in megacities. Full article

Lodging is a major constraint to rice productivity and grain quality. The mechanical strength of basal internodes, particularly bending resistance (BDR), is a critical determinant of lodging resistance. In this study, we evaluated the BDR of the third and fourth basal internodes (BDR3 and BDR4) in a diverse panel of 340 rice accessions. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified three QTLs significantly associated with BDR3, which were defined and designated as qBDR1, qBDR4, and qBDR5. Further analysis revealed that OsWRKY102 on qBDR1 was identified as a key candidate gene. Haplotype analysis revealed distinct allelic variations between subspecies, with the elite haplotypes (Hap.1 and Hap.4) contributing to superior lodging resistance, while Hap.2 was predominantly found in lodging-susceptible Japonica accessions. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of OsWRKY102 in the ZH11 background resulted in a significant reduction of more than 50% in both BDR3 and BDR4 compared to the wild type. Detailed phenotypic characterization of the oswrky102 mutants revealed a substantial decrease in cellulose content and culm diameter, accompanied by an increase in culm wall thickness. These findings demonstrate that OsWRKY102 maintains culm mechanical strength by promoting radial expansion and cellulose accumulation. Biomechanical analysis further suggests that culm diameter and cellulose content are more critical for bending strength than wall thickness. Our results elucidate the regulatory role of OsWRKY102 in coordinating culm morphology and cell wall composition, providing a valuable genetic target for molecular breeding of high-yielding, lodging-resistant rice varieties. Full article

Background: Structural and functional alterations resulting from radial access for cerebral diagnostic catheter angiography might contribute to impaired wrist function. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the transradial approach for diagnostic cerebral procedures on wrist function, using prospective follow-up assessments. Methods: Wrist function was prospectively assessed by using the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) questionnaire at baseline (pre-procedural assessment), as well as at 1-month and 3-month follow-up assessments (PRWE: 0 to 100, with 0 indicating no functional impairment). Association analyses with demographic and clinical parameters were performed using univariate logistic regression models. Results: During the 12-month observation period, 35 patients were enrolled in the study. At baseline, 25 patients (71.4%) reported no wrist impairment, while 10 patients (28.6%) had PRWE scores of up to 51. At the 1-month assessment, seven participants (20%) experienced a worsening in wrist function, reflected by increased PRWE scores. Of these, five patients showed deterioration exceeding the minimum clinically important difference. Another eight participants (22.9%) showed an improvement. A worsening of wrist function between the baseline and 1-month follow-up was not significantly associated with age, sex, prior neurosurgical status, body mass index (BMI), total procedure duration, dose area product, or fluoroscopy time (p > 0.05). At the 3-month follow-up, none of the patients reported any wrist-related impairments. Conclusions: In this exploratory cohort, the use of the transradial approach for cerebral angiography resulted in no wrist-related impairment at the 3-month follow-up. Transient worsening occurred in 20%, including clinically relevant cases, underscoring the need for larger studies with objective outcome measures. Full article