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Search Results (1,237)

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23 pages, 1706 KiB  
Article
Community-Based Halal Tourism and Information Digitalization: Sustainable Tourism Analysis
by Immas Nurhayati, Syarifah Gustiawati, Rofiáh Rofiáh, Sri Pujiastuti, Isbandriyati Mutmainah, Bambang Hengky Rainanto, Sri Harini and Endri Endri
Tour. Hosp. 2025, 6(3), 148; https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp6030148 - 1 Aug 2025
Viewed by 180
Abstract
This study employs a mixed method. In-depth interviews and observational studies are among the data collection approaches used in qualitative research. The quantitative method measures the weight of respondents’ answers to the distributed questionnaire. The questionnaire, containing 82 items, was distributed to 202 [...] Read more.
This study employs a mixed method. In-depth interviews and observational studies are among the data collection approaches used in qualitative research. The quantitative method measures the weight of respondents’ answers to the distributed questionnaire. The questionnaire, containing 82 items, was distributed to 202 tourists to collect their perceptions based on the 4A tourist components. The results indicate that tourists’ perceptions of attractions, accessibility, and ancillary services are generally positive. In contrast, perceptions of amenity services are less favorable. Using the scores from IFAS, EFAS, and the I-E matrix, the total weighted scores for IFAS and EFAS are 2.68 and 2.83, respectively. The appropriate strategy for BTV is one of aggressive growth in a position of strengths and opportunities. The study highlights key techniques, including the application of information technology in service and promotion, the strengthening of community and government roles, the development of infrastructure and facilities, the utilization of external resources, sustainable innovation, and the encouragement of local governments to issue regulations for halal tourism villages. By identifying drivers and barriers from an economic, environmental, social, and cultural perspective, the SWOT analysis results help design strategies that can make positive contributions to the development of sustainable, community-based halal tourism and digital information in the future. Full article
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15 pages, 253 KiB  
Conference Report
Challenges and Opportunities of Genomic Surveillance SARS-CoV-2 in Mexico Meeting
by Hugo G. Castelán-Sánchez, Gamaliel López-Leal, Rodrigo López-García, Ugo Avila-Ponce de León, Luis Delaye, Maribel Hernández-Rosales, Selene Zárate, Claudia Wong, Eric Avila-Vales, Irma López-Martínez, Margarita Valdés-Alemán, Ramón A. González, Luis A. Mendoza-Torres, Nelly Selem-Mojica, Edgar E. Sevilla-Reyes, Paola Rojas-Estevez, Marcela Mercado-Reyes, Aidee Orozco-Hernández, Jesús Torres-Flores and León Martínez-Castilla
Biol. Life Sci. Forum 2025, 48(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/blsf2025048001 - 29 Jul 2025
Viewed by 179
Abstract
In late 2019, a new virus, SARS-CoV-2, emerged in Wuhan, China, causing COVID-19 and the subsequent global pandemic. As of 30 April 2023, more than 774 million cases of COVID-19 had been reported worldwide, including over 7.5 million in Mexico. Despite advances in [...] Read more.
In late 2019, a new virus, SARS-CoV-2, emerged in Wuhan, China, causing COVID-19 and the subsequent global pandemic. As of 30 April 2023, more than 774 million cases of COVID-19 had been reported worldwide, including over 7.5 million in Mexico. Despite advances in vaccination, epidemic surges of COVID-19 continued to occur globally, highlighting the importance of sharing and disseminating the experiences gained during these first years to better understand the virus’s evolution and respond accordingly. For this reason, the National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT) organized the meeting “Challenges and Opportunities for Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Mexico” from 15 to 17 August 2022, to present the efforts and results accumulated over more than two years of the pandemic. In this meeting report, we summarize the key findings of each participant and provide their contact information. Full article
20 pages, 554 KiB  
Article
The Proximity of Hybrid Universities as a Key Factor for Rural Development
by Jacobo Núñez-Martínez, Laura Rodríguez-Fernández and Luisa Fernanda Rodríguez
Soc. Sci. 2025, 14(8), 467; https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci14080467 - 28 Jul 2025
Viewed by 252
Abstract
Currently, the role of a university in promoting the development of rural areas has been emphasized. However, an increase in academic training can lead to a growth in rural migration due to the lack of job opportunities for university graduates. Given the scarcity [...] Read more.
Currently, the role of a university in promoting the development of rural areas has been emphasized. However, an increase in academic training can lead to a growth in rural migration due to the lack of job opportunities for university graduates. Given the scarcity of studies on the impact of higher education institutions in areas at risk of depopulation, a research study has been conducted with university students residing in Castilla y León (Spain) in order to understand their insights on the benefits that university education can bring to rural areas, as well as to comprehend the reasons that would motivate the migration of university students or even the interest of institutions in addressing the issue of depopulation. The results achieved suggest that an increase in education could help slow down this process, with the proximity of the university being a decisive factor for population settlement. Additionally, while the shortage of job opportunities would be the main cause of migration, there would also be other factors contributing to depopulation, such as lack of leisure or services, despite a will to stay. Finally, the survey respondents expressed skepticism about the institutions’ interest in addressing this problem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Community and Urban Sociology)
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31 pages, 6501 KiB  
Review
From Hormones to Harvests: A Pathway to Strengthening Plant Resilience for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals
by Dipayan Das, Hamdy Kashtoh, Jibanjyoti Panda, Sarvesh Rustagi, Yugal Kishore Mohanta, Niraj Singh and Kwang-Hyun Baek
Plants 2025, 14(15), 2322; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14152322 - 27 Jul 2025
Viewed by 1102
Abstract
The worldwide agriculture industry is facing increasing problems due to rapid population increase and increasingly unfavorable weather patterns. In order to reach the projected food production targets, which are essential for guaranteeing global food security, innovative and sustainable agricultural methods must be adopted. [...] Read more.
The worldwide agriculture industry is facing increasing problems due to rapid population increase and increasingly unfavorable weather patterns. In order to reach the projected food production targets, which are essential for guaranteeing global food security, innovative and sustainable agricultural methods must be adopted. Conventional approaches, including traditional breeding procedures, often cannot handle the complex and simultaneous effects of biotic pressures such as pest infestations, disease attacks, and nutritional imbalances, as well as abiotic stresses including heat, salt, drought, and heavy metal toxicity. Applying phytohormonal approaches, particularly those involving hormonal crosstalk, presents a viable way to increase crop resilience in this context. Abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellins (GAs), auxin, cytokinins, salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), ethylene, and GA are among the plant hormones that control plant stress responses. In order to precisely respond to a range of environmental stimuli, these hormones allow plants to control gene expression, signal transduction, and physiological adaptation through intricate networks of antagonistic and constructive interactions. This review focuses on how the principal hormonal signaling pathways (in particular, ABA-ET, ABA-JA, JA-SA, and ABA-auxin) intricately interact and how they affect the plant stress response. For example, ABA-driven drought tolerance controls immunological responses and stomatal behavior through antagonistic interactions with ET and SA, while using SnRK2 kinases to activate genes that react to stress. Similarly, the transcription factor MYC2 is an essential node in ABA–JA crosstalk and mediates the integration of defense and drought signals. Plants’ complex hormonal crosstalk networks are an example of a precisely calibrated regulatory system that strikes a balance between growth and abiotic stress adaptation. ABA, JA, SA, ethylene, auxin, cytokinin, GA, and BR are examples of central nodes that interact dynamically and context-specifically to modify signal transduction, rewire gene expression, and change physiological outcomes. To engineer stress-resilient crops in the face of shifting environmental challenges, a systems-level view of these pathways is provided by a combination of enrichment analyses and STRING-based interaction mapping. These hormonal interactions are directly related to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDGs 2 (Zero Hunger), 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), and 13 (Climate Action). This review emphasizes the potential of biotechnologies to use hormone signaling to improve agricultural performance and sustainability by uncovering the molecular foundations of hormonal crosstalk. Increasing our understanding of these pathways presents a strategic opportunity to increase crop resilience, reduce environmental degradation, and secure food systems in the face of increasing climate unpredictability. Full article
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19 pages, 290 KiB  
Article
Artificial Intelligence in Primary Care: Support or Additional Burden on Physicians’ Healthcare Work?—A Qualitative Study
by Stefanie Mache, Monika Bernburg, Annika Würtenberger and David A. Groneberg
Clin. Pract. 2025, 15(8), 138; https://doi.org/10.3390/clinpract15080138 - 25 Jul 2025
Viewed by 238
Abstract
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is being increasingly promoted as a means to enhance diagnostic accuracy, to streamline workflows, and to improve overall care quality in primary care. However, empirical evidence on how primary care physicians (PCPs) perceive, engage with, and emotionally respond [...] Read more.
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is being increasingly promoted as a means to enhance diagnostic accuracy, to streamline workflows, and to improve overall care quality in primary care. However, empirical evidence on how primary care physicians (PCPs) perceive, engage with, and emotionally respond to AI technologies in everyday clinical settings remains limited. Concerns persist regarding AI’s usability, transparency, and potential impact on professional identity, workload, and the physician–patient relationship. Methods: This qualitative study investigated the lived experiences and perceptions of 28 PCPs practicing in diverse outpatient settings across Germany. Participants were purposively sampled to ensure variation in age, practice characteristics, and digital proficiency. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews, which were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and subjected to rigorous thematic analysis employing Mayring’s qualitative content analysis framework. Results: Participants demonstrated a fundamentally ambivalent stance toward AI integration in primary care. Perceived advantages included enhanced diagnostic support, relief from administrative burdens, and facilitation of preventive care. Conversely, physicians reported concerns about workflow disruption due to excessive system prompts, lack of algorithmic transparency, increased cognitive and emotional strain, and perceived threats to clinical autonomy and accountability. The implications for the physician–patient relationship were seen as double-edged: while some believed AI could foster trust through transparent use, others feared depersonalization of care. Crucial prerequisites for successful implementation included transparent and explainable systems, structured training opportunities, clinician involvement in design processes, and seamless integration into clinical routines. Conclusions: Primary care physicians’ engagement with AI is marked by cautious optimism, shaped by both perceived utility and significant concerns. Effective and ethically sound implementation requires co-design approaches that embed clinical expertise, ensure algorithmic transparency, and align AI applications with the realities of primary care workflows. Moreover, foundational AI literacy should be incorporated into undergraduate health professional curricula to equip future clinicians with the competencies necessary for responsible and confident use. These strategies are essential to safeguard professional integrity, support clinician well-being, and maintain the humanistic core of primary care. Full article
23 pages, 964 KiB  
Article
Cultural Ecosystem Services of Grassland Communities: A Case Study of Lubelskie Province
by Teresa Wyłupek, Halina Lipińska, Agnieszka Kępkowicz, Kamila Adamczyk-Mucha, Wojciech Lipiński, Stanisław Franczak and Agnieszka Duniewicz
Sustainability 2025, 17(15), 6697; https://doi.org/10.3390/su17156697 - 23 Jul 2025
Viewed by 305
Abstract
Grassland communities consist primarily of perennial herbaceous species, with grasses forming a dominant or significant component. These ecosystems have been utilised for economic purposes since the earliest periods of human history. In the natural environment, they fulfil numerous critical functions that, despite increasing [...] Read more.
Grassland communities consist primarily of perennial herbaceous species, with grasses forming a dominant or significant component. These ecosystems have been utilised for economic purposes since the earliest periods of human history. In the natural environment, they fulfil numerous critical functions that, despite increasing awareness of climate change, often remain undervalued. Grasslands contribute directly to climate regulation, air purification, soil conservation, flood mitigation, and public health—all of which positively affect the well-being of nearby populations. Moreover, they satisfy higher-order human needs known as “cultural” services, providing aesthetic enjoyment and recreational opportunities. These services, in tangible terms, support the development of rural tourism. The objective of this study was to examine the perception of cultural ecosystem services provided by different types of grassland communities—meadows, pastures, and lawns. The study employed a structured questionnaire to evaluate the perceived significance and functions of these communities. Respondents assessed their aesthetic and recreational value based on land-use type. To quantify these dimensions, the study applies the Recreational and Leisure Attractiveness Index (RLAI), the Aesthetic Attractiveness Index (AAI), ranking methods, and contingent valuation techniques. Based on the respondents’ declared WTP (willingness to pay) and WTA (willingness to accept) values, statistically significant differences in the perceived value of land-use types were identified. Lawns were rated highest in terms of recreational attractiveness, meadows in terms of aesthetics, while pastures achieved the highest economic values. Significant differences were also observed depending on respondents’ place of residence and academic background. The results indicate that the valuation of cultural services encompasses both functional and psychological aspects and should be integrated into local land-use and landscape planning policies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Health, Well-Being and Sustainability)
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31 pages, 4404 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in the Use of Ganoderma lucidum and Coriolus versicolor Mushrooms to Enhance the Anticancer Efficacy of EGFR-Targeted Drugs in Lung Cancer
by Hang Zhang, Longling Wang, Yuet Wa Chan, William C. Cho, Zhong Zuo and Kenneth K. W. To
Pharmaceutics 2025, 17(7), 917; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17070917 - 15 Jul 2025
Viewed by 654
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the major subtype, accounting for more than 85% of all lung cancer cases. Recent advances in precision oncology have allowed NSCLC patients bearing specific oncogenic epidermal growth [...] Read more.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the major subtype, accounting for more than 85% of all lung cancer cases. Recent advances in precision oncology have allowed NSCLC patients bearing specific oncogenic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations to respond well to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Due to the high EGFR mutation frequency (up to more than 50%) observed particularly in Asian NSCLC patients, EGFR-TKIs have produced unprecedented clinical responses. Depending on their binding interactions with EGFRs, EGFR-TKIs are classified as reversible (first-generation: gefitinib and erlotinib) or irreversible inhibitors (second-generation: afatinib and dacomitinib; third-generation: osimertinib). While the discovery of osimertinib represents a breakthrough in the treatment of NSCLC, most patients eventually relapse and develop drug resistance. Novel strategies to overcome osimertinib resistance are urgently needed. In Asian countries, the concomitant use of Western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is very common. Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) and Coriolus versicolor (Yunzhi) are popular TCMs that are widely consumed by cancer patients to enhance anticancer efficacy and alleviate the side effects associated with cancer therapy. The bioactive polysaccharides and triterpenes in these medicinal mushrooms are believed to contribute to their anticancer and immunomodulating effects. This review presents the latest update on the beneficial combination of Lingzhi/Yunzhi and EGFR-TKIs to overcome drug resistance. The effects of Lingzhi/Yunzhi on various oncogenic signaling pathways and anticancer immunity, as well as their potential to overcome EGFR-TKI resistance, are highlighted. The potential risk of herb–drug interactions could become critical when cancer patients take Lingzhi/Yunzhi as adjuvants during cancer therapy. The involvement of drug transporters and cytochrome P450 enzymes in these herb–drug interactions is summarized. Finally, we also discuss the opportunities and future prospects regarding the combined use of Lingzhi/Yunzhi and EGFR-TKIs in cancer patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Combination Therapy Approaches for Cancer Treatment)
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26 pages, 659 KiB  
Article
Predictors of Health-Workforce Job Satisfaction in Primary Care Settings: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Multi-Country Study in Eight African Countries
by Samuel Muhula, Yvonne Opanga, Saida Kassim, Lazarus Odeny, Richard Zule Mbewe, Beverlyne Akoth, Mable Jerop, Lizah Nyawira, Ibrahima Gueye, Richard Kiplimo, Thom Salamba, Jackline Kiarie and George Kimathi
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(7), 1108; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22071108 - 15 Jul 2025
Viewed by 1124
Abstract
Job satisfaction in sub-Saharan Africa is crucial as it directly impacts employee productivity, retention, and overall economic growth, fostering a motivated workforce that drives regional development. In sub–Saharan Africa, poor remuneration, limited professional development opportunities, and inadequate working conditions impact satisfaction. This study [...] Read more.
Job satisfaction in sub-Saharan Africa is crucial as it directly impacts employee productivity, retention, and overall economic growth, fostering a motivated workforce that drives regional development. In sub–Saharan Africa, poor remuneration, limited professional development opportunities, and inadequate working conditions impact satisfaction. This study examined job-satisfaction predictors among health workers in primary healthcare settings across eight countries: Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Senegal, South Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia. A cross-sectional study surveyed 1711 health workers, assessing five dimensions: employer–2employee relationships, remuneration and recognition, professional development, physical work environment, and supportive supervision. The study was conducted from October 2023 to March 2024. The job-satisfaction assessment tool was adopted from a validated tool originally developed for use in low-income healthcare settings. The tool was reviewed by staff from all the country offices to ensure contextual relevance and organization alignment. The responses were measured on a five-point Likert scale: 0: Not applicable, 1: Very dissatisfied, 2: Dissatisfied, 3: Neutral, 4: Satisfied, and 5: Very satisfied. The analysis employed descriptive and multivariable regression methods. Job satisfaction varied significantly by country. Satisfaction with the employer–employee relationship was highest in Zambia (80%) and lowest in Tanzania (16%). Remuneration satisfaction was highest in Senegal (63%) and Zambia (49%), while it was very low in Malawi (9.8%) and Ethiopia (2.3%). Overall, 44% of respondents were satisfied with their professional development, with Uganda leading (62%) and Ethiopia having the lowest satisfaction level (29%). Satisfaction with the physical environment was at 27%, with Uganda at 40% and Kenya at 12%. Satisfaction with supervisory support stood at 62%, with Zambia at 73% and Ethiopia at 30%. Key predictors of job satisfaction included a strong employer–employee relationships (OR = 2.20, p < 0.001), fair remuneration (OR = 1.59, p = 0.002), conducive work environments (OR = 1.71, p < 0.001), and supervisory support (OR = 3.58, p < 0.001. Improving the job satisfaction, retention, and performance of health workers in sub-Saharan Africa requires targeted interventions in employer–employee relationships, fair compensation, supportive supervision, and working conditions. Strategies must be tailored to each country’s unique challenges, as one-size-fits-all solutions may not be effective. Policymakers should prioritize these factors to build a motivated, resilient workforce, with ongoing research and monitoring essential to ensure sustained progress and improved healthcare delivery. Full article
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25 pages, 1564 KiB  
Article
Parental Attitudes to Risky Play and Children’s Independent Mobility: Public Health Implications for Children in Ireland
by Fiona Armstrong, Michael Joseph Barrett, David Gaul and Lorraine D’Arcy
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2025, 22(7), 1106; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22071106 - 14 Jul 2025
Viewed by 745
Abstract
Background: Understanding the determinants of children’s outdoor play is an important element for child development and broader public health outcomes. There is growing evidence that children’s opportunities for play, particularly outdoor risky play, are diminishing. Parents are concerned with keeping their child safe [...] Read more.
Background: Understanding the determinants of children’s outdoor play is an important element for child development and broader public health outcomes. There is growing evidence that children’s opportunities for play, particularly outdoor risky play, are diminishing. Parents are concerned with keeping their child safe while affording them independence to play. This study explored parents’ attitudes to risky play and practices around children’s independent mobility in Ireland with the aim of informing public health strategies promoting healthy childhood environments. Methods: An online survey comprising validated scales and standardised questions was completed by a nationally represented sample of 376 parents of children up to 16 years. Data was analysed via descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and regression analysis. Results: A total of 376 participants accessed the survey, of which 349 completed it. A total of 84% of participants were female. A total of 74% agreed that children need regular exposure to actual risk to develop risk management skills, and 71% trusted their children to play safely. Chi-square tests reveal significant associations between outdoor play in the rain and school travel (p < 0.01), and appropriate age to begin activities at home and in educational settings (p < 0.05). A moderate association was found between the method of school travel and children’s permission to play in the rain (Cramer’s V = 0.51). Respondents considered supervision to be a necessity to ensure their children’s safety. Overall, the results indicate that parents were risk-averse in three of the six categories of risky play, namely, play near dangerous elements, play with adult tools, and out-of-sight play. Conclusions: This study presents a descriptive analysis of findings from the Ireland State of Play Survey. Findings indicate that although parents recognise the benefits of risky play, there is some contradiction between parental attitudes and actual practices, with a lack of willingness or confidence in permitting their children to participate in all such activities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Exercise and Health-Related Quality of Life)
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29 pages, 1042 KiB  
Article
Mapping Geoethical Awareness and Unveiling Environmental Engagement Profiles of Residents in Hellenic UNESCO Global Geoparks: A Quantitative Survey
by Alexandros Aristotelis Koupatsiaris and Hara Drinia
Heritage 2025, 8(7), 275; https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage8070275 - 13 Jul 2025
Viewed by 1780
Abstract
Geoethics emphasizes responsible human interaction with the Earth, promoting ethical practices in the geosciences to ensure sustainability for current and future generations. UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGps) are designated areas that support sustainable development by integrating geoconservation, geoeducation, and community engagement, thereby raising awareness [...] Read more.
Geoethics emphasizes responsible human interaction with the Earth, promoting ethical practices in the geosciences to ensure sustainability for current and future generations. UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGps) are designated areas that support sustainable development by integrating geoconservation, geoeducation, and community engagement, thereby raising awareness of geological heritage. This quantitative study employed an online questionnaire (n = 798) to assess geoethical awareness among residents of all nine Hellenic UGGps, with the aim of profiling environmental engagement and perceptions. The results indicate a generally high level of geoethical awareness, with Sitia UGGp exhibiting the highest average mean score (M = 8.98, SD = 1.34), reflecting strong community support and effective outreach efforts. In contrast, Lavreotiki UGGp (M = 8.48, SD = 1.15) and Psiloritis UGGp (M = 8.33, SD = 1.36) scored lower in areas such as community engagement and geotourism, suggesting opportunities for targeted improvement. Regional differences suggest that management, visibility, and local context significantly influence public perceptions. Cluster analysis identified four respondent profiles: (a) highly engaged environmental stewards (28.7%), (b) supportive but selective advocates (40.5%), (c) moderately indifferent participants (26.9%), and (d) disengaged or critical respondents (3.9%). Demographic factors such as age, residence, prior visits to Hellenic UGGps, and education significantly differentiated these groups. Mapping geoethical awareness provides a valuable tool for assessing societal benefits and enhancing the governance of UGGps. Overall, the findings underscore the need to shift from an anthropocentric to a more geocentric worldview that prioritizes the well-being of both humanity and Earth’s systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Geoheritage and Geo-Conservation)
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21 pages, 1812 KiB  
Review
Analysis of the Awareness and Access of Eye Healthcare in Underserved Populations
by Karen Allison, Abdullah Virk, Asma Alamri and Deepkumar Patel
Vision 2025, 9(3), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/vision9030055 - 11 Jul 2025
Viewed by 285
Abstract
Introduction: Visual impairment impacts millions of people around the world, with the vast majority of problems being treatable. Disadvantaged communities are unable to utilize the same resources to treat these problems due to a lack of knowledge or resources, in addition to the [...] Read more.
Introduction: Visual impairment impacts millions of people around the world, with the vast majority of problems being treatable. Disadvantaged communities are unable to utilize the same resources to treat these problems due to a lack of knowledge or resources, in addition to the presence of barriers preventing access. The objective of this paper is to assess eye health awareness and evaluate the barriers for individuals from disadvantaged communities in order to inform future interventions and increase access to care. Methods: This is a pilot study utilizing an online anonymous questionnaire designed to assess the demographics, eye health awareness, and access to eye care of community-based patients. A comprehensive literature review was also conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to evaluate barriers to eye care and methods to improve community health outcomes. The primary goal was to improve understanding of eye health awareness and access in order to inform future strategies that can help in improving eye health awareness and service availability. Results: The results indicated that 61.2% of respondents believed that eye exams are very important, and only 7.7% of participants believed that regular eye exams are not important. The majority of participants (75%) agree that regular eye exams help prevent serious eye conditions and 84.5% believe that eye health can affect quality of life. 35.6% of participants reported they had their eyes checked by a healthcare professional within the last year, while 21.2% reported never having an eye exam. Although the majority of participants found access to eye care services in their community somewhat or very easy, 8.6% and 9.5% of participants found access difficult and very difficult, respectively. Even though 45.6% of participants reported not facing any barriers regarding access to eye care, the cost of services, long waiting times, and lack of nearby eye care providers were often cited as barriers from the remainder of the participants. Moving forward, local interventions such as mobile eye clinics, public health workshops, and telehealth are viable options to obtain an understanding of the community’s health status in addition to creating opportunities to educate and provide health screenings. Conclusion: The results indicate that although there is awareness of the importance of eye health for the majority of participants, there is still a sizable minority who have insufficient understanding. Barriers to healthcare such as cost, waiting times, and proximity to providers are common problems that are preventing many from seeking eye care. Future interventions should be created to increase access and literacy amongst the community through telehealth, mobile eye clinics, and public health workshops. Additional efforts should be taken by healthcare stakeholders to enhance care delivery, implement policies, and improve awareness. Full article
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16 pages, 9021 KiB  
Article
Effects of Daytime vs. Nighttime on Travel Mode Choice and Use Patterns: Insights from a Ride-Pooling Survey in Germany
by Mehmet Emre Goerguelue, Nadine Kostorz-Weiss, Ann-Sophie Voss, Martin Kagerbauer and Peter Vortisch
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(14), 7774; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15147774 - 10 Jul 2025
Viewed by 332
Abstract
Ride-pooling (RP) services, in which passengers with similar destinations share a ride, offer considerable potential for enhancing urban mobility by bridging gaps in public transportation (PT) networks and providing a convenient alternative to private car use. For the effective design and operation of [...] Read more.
Ride-pooling (RP) services, in which passengers with similar destinations share a ride, offer considerable potential for enhancing urban mobility by bridging gaps in public transportation (PT) networks and providing a convenient alternative to private car use. For the effective design and operation of such services, a detailed understanding of user preferences and usage patterns is essential. This study investigates differences in RP preferences and usage between day and night (with nighttime defined as 10:00 p.m. to 5:00 a.m.), drawing on both a stated choice experiment (SCE) and revealed preference data collected in Mannheim, Germany. The focus lies on the local RP service fips, which is integrated into the PT system. The SCE, conducted in 2024 with 566 participants, was analyzed using a nested logit model. The analysis of the SCE reveals that nighttime preferences for RP are characterized by reduced sensitivity to travel time and cost, creating an opportunity for RP operators to optimize stop network designs during nighttime hours by increasing pooling rates. In addition, it indicates a greater likelihood of private car usage at night, especially among women, likely due to safety concerns and limited PT availability. The analysis of revealed preference data provides a complementary perspective. It shows that the RP nighttime service primarily attracts younger users, while many respondents report not being active on weekend nights. However, the combination of low public awareness and limited service availability, evidenced by rejected booking requests, suggests that existing demand is not being fully captured. This implies that low usage is not merely the result of low demand, but also of structural barriers on both the supply and information side. Overcoming these barriers through targeted information campaigns and expansion of nighttime service capacity could substantially enhance sustainable urban travel options during nighttime. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Urban Mobility)
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26 pages, 7983 KiB  
Article
Designing for Trust: Enhancing Passenger Confidence in Shared Autonomous Vehicles
by Xiongfeng Deng, Selby Coxon and Robbie Napper
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(14), 7765; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15147765 - 10 Jul 2025
Viewed by 434
Abstract
Passengers’ trust in Shared Autonomous Vehicles (SAVs) can be affected by different factors, such as their attitudes toward new technologies and perceptions of the vehicles’ reputation. While the existing literature has begun to explore these issues, there is limited research investigating how industrial [...] Read more.
Passengers’ trust in Shared Autonomous Vehicles (SAVs) can be affected by different factors, such as their attitudes toward new technologies and perceptions of the vehicles’ reputation. While the existing literature has begun to explore these issues, there is limited research investigating how industrial design in SAVs can enhance passengers’ trust levels. To address this gap, this study responds to the central question: How can passengers’ trust in the vehicle itself and in fellow passengers be enhanced through design intervention? This question conceptualises trust in the vehicle and trust in strangers as an integrated trust issue within the SAV context. To fill this gap, this study adopts a project-grounded methodology. The design work is guided by five trust principles: anthropomorphic design, a defensible space, system transparency, personalisation features, and a restorative environment. Drawing on insights from an auto-ethnography of current ride-sharing services, these principles are further explored and applied to identify design opportunities for both the physical and digital elements of SAVs. The final conceptual SAV design demonstrates how different design elements can be orchestrated to engender user trust. The outcome contributes to ongoing design practices and helps researchers and designers better understand trust design for SAVs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Re-Shaping Transport and Mobility Through Design)
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13 pages, 1649 KiB  
Article
Intestinal Ultrasound: Advancing Towards Broader Adoption—Insights from a National Survey in Turkey
by Gülden Bilican, Tarkan Karakan, Ödül Eğritaş Gürkan, Mehmet Cindoruk, Charlotte Hedin, Haider Sabhan, Ayşe Can and Stephan L. Haas
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(14), 4817; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14144817 - 8 Jul 2025
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Abstract
Objective: Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is increasingly valued as a noninvasive tool for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management, offering real-time, radiation-free assessment of bowel wall thickness, vascularity, and complications. While IUS is widely adopted in Europe, data on its use in Turkey is [...] Read more.
Objective: Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is increasingly valued as a noninvasive tool for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management, offering real-time, radiation-free assessment of bowel wall thickness, vascularity, and complications. While IUS is widely adopted in Europe, data on its use in Turkey is scarce. This study aims to address this gap. Methods: A nationwide, cross-sectional survey was conducted targeting 817 adult and 150 pediatric gastroenterologists in Turkey. The survey included 26 structured questions on demographics, familiarity with and use of IUS, and barriers to implementation. Results: A total of 191 gastroenterologists participated in this survey, with 56% being adult gastroenterologists (n = 107) and 44% pediatric gastroenterologists (n = 84). Regarding whether they participated in IUS training, 73% (n = 140) of the 191 respondents stated they had not received training. There were notable differences in how IUS was utilized among gastroenterologists: 29% (n = 31) of adult gastroenterologists performed IUS independently, compared to just 2% (n = 2) of pediatric gastroenterologists (p < 0.001). In total, 63% (n = 67) of adult gastroenterologists and 46% (n = 39) of pediatric gastroenterologists reported not using IUS. Altogether, 94% (n = 179) emphasized the necessity of educational opportunities, and 86% (n = 165) favored national guidelines. Conclusions: Our findings reveal that the current application of IUS in Turkey fails to correspond with its expected advantages in managing IBD. Limited educational opportunities are a major challenge, emphasizing the necessity for coordinated educational programs and national guidelines. The expanded adoption of the IUS might significantly improve Turkey’s management of IBD. What is known: Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is a non-invasive, cost-effective, and reliable imaging method increasingly recognized for its utility in diagnosing and monitoring inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). What is new: This is the first national survey assessing the awareness, usage patterns, and barriers to the adoption of IUS among gastroenterologists in Turkey. The study highlights significant gaps in training opportunities while also identifying strategies to promote IUS integration into routine clinical practice. The findings may encourage similar efforts in other regions where IUS remains underutilized, ultimately improving IBD management and patient outcomes globally. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment)
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Article
Ignorantics: The Theory, Research, and Practice of Ignorance in Organizational Survival and Prosperity
by Rouxelle De Villiers
Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(7), 259; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15070259 - 5 Jul 2025
Viewed by 716
Abstract
This study responds to the call by some scholars to establish a framework for ignorance. It challenges the myth that ignorance is all bad and an utterly undesirable state in organizations and proposes a new framework for the application of ignorance analytics in [...] Read more.
This study responds to the call by some scholars to establish a framework for ignorance. It challenges the myth that ignorance is all bad and an utterly undesirable state in organizations and proposes a new framework for the application of ignorance analytics in organizations. It includes a taxonomy of deliberate and unconscious ignorance in decision-making and judgment as well as the drivers of personal and corporate deliberate ignorance and their behavioral implications. Ignorance plays a substantial role in competency development, scientific progress, innovation, and organizational strategic advantage. The proposed framework can help developers of talent, including management trainers, educators, and HR practitioners, to recognize the drivers of willful ignorance and help managers design effective interventions to move employees from unconscious incompetence to mastery. This paper suggests an agenda and identifies opportunities for future research. Full article
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