Drug dosing in neonates should be based on integrated knowledge concerning the disease to be treated, the physiological characteristics of the neonate, and the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of a given drug. It is critically importan...
Vaccines have been developed under accelerated timelines to combat the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Although they are considered the best approach for preventing mortality, when assessing the safety of these vaccines, pregn...
The phenomenon of neonatal uterine bleeding was observed over centuries. It was dismissed as having no clinical relevance. Alternatively, it was hypothesized to be associated with early-onset endometriosis, but its exact clinical significance remains...
Over the years, the impact of music on the prenatal and neonatal stages of human life has gained significant scientific attention. This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric review of research investigating how music influences fetal and newbor...
Maternal diet and nutrient intake are important for fetal growth and development. In this study, we aim to evaluate whether there are associations between maternal diet quality and the offspring’s brain white matter development. Healthy pregnan...
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) recently increased their popularity as “safer” alternatives to traditional tobacco smoking, including among pregnant women. However, the effect of e-cig exposure on fetal and neonatal developing lungs remain...
Neonatal puppies and kittens face a critical period after birth, during which their health depends heavily on the microorganisms they acquire from their mothers and environment. These microorganisms, known as the gut microbiota, help newborns develop...
In this up-to-date study, we first aimed to highlight the genetic and non-genetic factors associated with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) while also focusing on the genomic aspect of this condition. Secondly, we discuss the treatment options and...
Background: Reproductive, maternal, neonatal, and child health (RMNCH) remains a key priority for official development assistance and private voluntary assistance (ODA+) in low-income countries. In Guinea-Bissau, maternal and child mortality rates re...
19 March 2022
Neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) have a disproportionately higher number of parents who smoke tobacco compared to the general population. A baby’s NICU admission offers a unique time to prompt behaviour change, and to emphasise the dangero...
26 November 2024
This study was undertaken to structure and validate a Multi-Professional Family Support Programme that was collectively developed at a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). This is participative research of the action-research category with a qualitat...
Pharmacotherapy in pediatric patients is challenging in view of the maturation of organ systems and processes that affect pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Especially for the youngest age groups and for pediatric-only indications, neonatal and j...
11 January 2023
Background: In Ethiopia, the Women Development Group program is a community mobilization initiative aimed at enhancing Universal Health Coverage through supporting the primary healthcare services for mothers and newborns. This study aimed to assess t...
Background: Early-life sensory experiences play a crucial role in the maturation of neural circuits underlying sensorimotor development. The present study investigated whether the effects of neonatal tactile stimulation (NTS) on sensorimotor developm...
Infant formulas offer an alternative to breast milk for both normal birth weight (NBW) and immunocompromised intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) infants. Although the lipid fraction in formulas is often derived from vegetable oils, it is unclear if...
This study was designed to observe the overall neonatal mortality and pattern of neonatal death in a developing country. The factors related to neonatal mortality are also analyzed. This retrospective study was carried out in all pediatric patients i...
Proactive mental health consultation–liaison (C-L) services in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are increasingly recognized as essential to infant health and family functioning, yet there is limited guidance on how to develop sustainable a...
The gut microbiome is established in the newborn period and is recognised to interact with the host to influence metabolism. Different environmental factors that are encountered during this critical period may influence the gut microbial composition,...
Pregnant women in Asia, the Middle East, Africa and Latin America are at risk of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and prevalence throughout these regions are among the highest, globally. Maternal VDD has been associated with increased risk of a number of a...
The function of the intestinal barrier is partially dependent on host maturity and the colonization patterns of the microbiome to which it is exposed. Premature birth and stressors of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)-related support (e.g., antibio...
Background: The percentage of preterm infants requiring surgery before 44 weeks of postmenstrual age (PMA) varies between 19% and 36%. The potential impact of general anesthesia on the vulnerable developing brain of preterm infants remains unknown. M...
Human and animal studies have elucidated the apparent neurodevelopmental effects resulting from neonatal anesthesia. Observations of learning and behavioral deficits in children, who were exposed to anesthesia early in development, have instigated a...
Background: Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist increasingly used in neonatal and pediatric intensive care and anesthesia. Its central mechanism of action and experimental evidence suggesting anti-inflammatory,...
Urine metabolomics case-control studies of childhood asthma have demonstrated a discriminative ability. Here, we investigated whether urine metabolic profiles from healthy neonates were associated with the development of asthma in childhood. Untarget...
One of the most common problems many babies encounter is neonatal jaundice. The symptoms are yellowing of the skin or eyes because of bilirubin (from above 2.0 to 2.5 mg/dL in the blood). If left untreated, it can lead to serious neurological complic...
Prematurity is becoming a real public health issue as more and more children are being born prematurely, alongside a higher prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders. Early intervention programs in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) correspond to...
Background: Preterm birth is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and children. Non-invasive methods for screening the neonatal immune status are lacking. Archaea, a prokaryotic life domain, comprise methanogenic species that are part...
Purpose: To characterise the global burden of neonatal disorders across the socio-demographic development gradient, with emphasis on temporal trends, absolute and relative inequality, attributable risks, and future trajectories. Methods: Using Global...
Background: Advances in neonatology and paediatric pharmacology have markedly improved neonatal survival, particularly among preterm and critically ill infants. At the same time, clinical research constitutes the cornerstone for generation of evidenc...
Background: The neonatal microbiome plays a fundamental role in immune, metabolic, and physiological development from the earliest stages of life. Its establishment is influenced by several perinatal factors, many of which are closely related to nurs...
Underdeveloped immunity during the neonatal age makes this period one of the most dangerous during the human lifespan, with infection-related mortality being one of the highest of all age groups. It is also discussed that vaccination during this time...
Decreased selenium (Se) levels during childhood and infancy are associated with worse respiratory health. Se is biologically active after incorporation into Se-containing antioxidant enzymes (AOE) and proteins. It is unknown how decreased maternal Se...
Lumbar puncture (LP) is widely employed to evaluate infectious, neurological and metabolic diseases in the newborn. Neonatal LP is a difficult procedure with 45–54% success rates. Although there are studies examining traumatic LP failure, studi...
The intestine is extremely dynamic and the epithelial cells that line the intestine get replaced every 3–5 days by highly proliferative intestinal stem cells (ISCs). The instructions for ISCs to self-renew or to differentiate come as cues from their...
Neonatal pneumonia, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, is frequently caused by Group B Streptococcus (GBS). The mechanisms underlying protective immunity to this pathogen in the neonatal lung remain incompletely understood. Using a clinicall...
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an important health issue, as it is connected with adverse effects to the mother as well as the fetus. A factor of essence for the pathology of this disorder is the gut microbiota, which seems to have an impact...
Maternal nutrition plays a vital role in fetal development, early development of neonates, and lactation and regulates the lifetime productivity of offspring. During pregnancy, maternal nutrition alters expression of the fetal genome and the developm...
We developed a new neonatal neuromotor test battery, the Neonatal Infant Motor Assessment Scale (NIMAS), to perform a detailed neuromotor and holistic assessment of at-risk infants in the neonatal period. Methods: A total of 68 infants (28–41 G...
Objectives: This systematic review synthesized the existing literature to evaluate the associations between maternal Selenium (Se) exposure during pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, specifically focusing on parameters of mortality, morbidity, and neuro...
Oxygen is often required to treat newborns with respiratory disorders, and prolonged exposure to high oxygen concentrations impairs lung development. Ferroptosis plays a vital role in the development of many diseases and has become the focus of treat...
Background/Objectives: Childbirth is a natural and joyfully anticipated life event for parents and relatives. Yet, in some cases, it can be a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention, i.e., neonatal resuscitation. The majority of newborns b...
Background/Objectives: Affective touch is crucial in infant development, particularly in regulating emotional, cognitive, and physiological processes. Preterm infants are often deprived of essential tactile stimulation owing to their early exposure t...
According to research, intrauterine exposure to non-pathogenic maternal microorganisms during pregnancy is influenced by the mother’s nutritional, metabolic, and immunological status. This study investigates the association between maternal gut...
The development of age-appropriate formulations should focus on dosage forms that can deliver variable yet accurate doses that are safe and acceptable to the child, are matched to his/her development and ability, and avoid medication errors. However,...
Neonatal sepsis is a leading cause of death among newborns and infants, especially in the developing world. The problem is compounded by the delays in pinpointing the causative agent of the infection. This is reflected in increasing mortality associa...
Maturational changes in the gut start in utero and rapidly progress after birth, with some functions becoming fully developed several months or years post birth including the acquisition of a full gut microbiome, which is made up of trillions of bact...
Background/Objectives: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a major complication of prematurity, particularly among infants requiring prolonged respiratory support. Despite its clinical relevance, data on BPD epidemiology and risk factors in Kaza...
Objective. To evaluate changes in anthropometric and biochemical parameters in pregnancy and their dynamics during last two decades and to determine the association between anthropometric and biochemical parameters, their influence on fetal and neona...
Nonylphenol (NP) is an alkylphenol that is widely used in chemical manufacturing. Exposure to this toxic environmental contaminant has been shown to negatively affect the reproductive system. Herein, we evaluated the toxicity of NP in mouse testes, w...
Neonatal seizures are one of the most common comorbidities of neonatal encephalopathy, with seizures aggravating acute injury and clinical outcomes. Current treatment can control early life seizures; however, a high level of pharmacoresistance remain...
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