Search Results (908)

Mental health interventions in rural areas often face systemic and governance barriers that limit their implementation. This study analysed how governance dimensions at the municipal, state, and federal levels influence the perceived feasibility of implementing the Primary Care and Psychiatry Model (MAP-PSI), an early intervention strategy targeting adolescent depression in rural Mexico. A descriptive–interpretative qualitative design was employed, using semi-structured interviews and hybrid (deductive–inductive) content analysis. Participants were purposively selected institutional stakeholders involved in MAP-PSI implementation, including local health managers, state and federal decision-makers, and community-based actors. The coding process was collaboratively developed and validated through consensus and critical reflection among researchers. Five interrelated governance dimensions were identified: local leadership, intersectoral coordination, resource mobilisation, community participation, and institutional adaptability. These dimensions converge in a multilevel governance framework that illustrates how governance capacities across levels can enable or constrain community-based mental health interventions. The findings provide an empirically grounded framework to inform the design, adaptation, and future evaluation of community-based mental health strategies in underserved rural contexts. Full article

Firefighters are regularly exposed to occupational stress and potentially traumatic events. However, few evidence-based, fire service-specific interventions exist. Brief, mindfulness-based interventions may help address these challenges by improving regulation skills and reducing psychological distress. This pilot randomized controlled trial primarily evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a one-session, group-based, virtual mindful attention training workshop developed specifically for firefighters, with secondary evaluation of preliminary efficacy. Firefighters (N = 82) were recruited from multiple fire departments across a large U.S. Southwestern metropolitan area and randomized to the mindful attention workshop (n = 45) or a waitlist control condition (n = 37). Feasibility outcomes were mixed, with strong enrollment among eligible participants (74.5%) but relatively low workshop attendance among those randomized to the intervention (53.3%). A total of 24 firefighters completed the workshop and found it to be helpful, informative, and relevant to the challenges faced in the fire service, with group processes characterized by high comfort, understanding, and low conflict. However, no significant between-group differences were observed in reductions in symptom severity or increases in mindfulness-based outcomes. Post hoc descriptive analyses revealed that most firefighters expressed strong interest in digitally delivered mental health content and the vast majority perceived online or app-based firefighter-specific mental health resources as helpful. Findings indicate mixed feasibility, strong acceptability among attendees, and a lack of preliminary efficacy, and highlight directions for refining intervention delivery of this pilot workshop and evaluating clinical impact in future trials. Full article

Introduction: Workplace mobbing is a psychosocial risk factor associated with adverse mental health outcomes, including depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Accurate assessment of this phenomenon is essential for both research and applied settings; however, validated brief instruments in Spanish remain limited. The Luxembourg Workplace Mobbing Scale (LWMS) is a short measure with sound psychometric properties that allows efficient evaluation of exposure to workplace mobbing. Objective: Translation and validation of the LWMS into Spanish in adults. Methods: A total of 345 adults (51.3% women) participated, completing a sociodemographic questionnaire and psychological instruments. Statistical analyses were conducted using structural equation modelling and item response theory. Results: The LWMS demonstrated adequate content validity; a unidimensional structure (CFI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.04 [90% CI: 0.001, 0.092], SRMR = 0.02); and reliability (ω = 0.79, H = 0.86 and r_xx = 0.78). In addition, significant associations were found with depressive symptoms (r = 0.37, p = 0.001), generalised anxiety (r = 0.38, p = 0.001), and suicidal ideation (r = 0.27, p = 0.001). Item 2 showed the highest discrimination and information, and the scale proved to be accurate at higher levels of workplace mobbing. Conclusions: The Spanish version of the LWMS shows solid evidence of validity and reliability, supporting its use as a brief and precise instrument for assessing workplace mobbing in adult populations. Its strong psychometric performance and clinical relevance make it suitable for research, screening, and preventive interventions in occupational settings. Full article

The internet is increasingly embedded in daily life; however, excessive use may lead to internet addiction, adversely affecting health and academic performance. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of internet addiction and its association with depressive symptoms among pharmacy students at Mahasarakham University. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between 1 October and 31 December 2025 among undergraduate pharmacy students (years 1–6) aged ≥18 years who provided voluntary consent. Data were collected via street-based and online self-administered questionnaires validated for content and reliability. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied, and binary logistic regression was used to identify associated factors. Among 396 participants, the mean internet use was 9 h 43 min per day. The prevalence of excessive use (risk) was 75.95%, while 17.47% met criteria for internet addiction. High to very high psychological problems were significantly associated with internet addiction (aOR = 3.89; 95% CI: 1.70–8.89; p = 0.001). Risk of depression (2Q) was also significantly associated (aOR = 2.67; 95% CI: 1.39–5.15; p = 0.003). Internet addiction is strongly associated with mental health factors, highlighting the need for targeted prevention and institutional mental health interventions. Full article

During pregnancy, women are more inclined to modify their habits and lifestyle to find a new balance and promote well-being for themselves and the child-to-be. However, the availability of nutritional and psychological support is often limited by stigma, geographic barriers, and a lack of services. Digital health tools are emerging as possible solutions to cover these needs. This study explores the acceptability, feasibility, and user experience of Demetra, a virtual coach based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), designed to promote healthy lifestyles and mental well-being. Fifty pregnant women will be enrolled in the feasibility study of the intervention. It starts with an educational part on the foundations of healthy eating and suggestions about lifestyle habits, followed by a six-week psychoeducational module. Content is delivered through text, audio, and video formats. User experience and engagement will be measured through validated questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Psychological well-being will be evaluated both before and after the program. The intervention is expected to be well-received, with high levels of satisfaction and engagement, leading to a greater awareness of healthy behaviors, improved psychological flexibility, and enhanced overall well-being. Demetra offers an accessible solution to support women through the transformative experience of motherhood with a multidisciplinary and innovative approach. Full article

Background: Pregnancy represents a major identity transition, yet most perinatal assessments focus primarily on emotional symptoms rather than on how women integrate the maternal role into their broader identity and life context. Difficulties in maternal role integration may constitute an early vulnerability factor for psychological distress. This study aimed to develop and validate the Maternal Role Integration Questionnaire—pregnancy version (MRIQ-P), a brief instrument designed to assess maternal identity and role balance during pregnancy, and to examine its clinical relevance for perinatal mental health. Methods: A sequential mixed-methods design was employed. Phase 1 involved focus groups with pregnant women (n = 17) and cognitive debriefing to generate and refine items. Phase 2 included expert evaluation of content validity. In Phase 3, the MRIQ-P was psychometrically validated in a sample of pregnant women (n = 256), randomly divided into exploratory (n = 83) and confirmatory (n = 173) subsamples. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted, along with reliability analyses, tests of convergent, discriminant, incremental, and measurement invariance validity. Results: Analyses supported a bifactor structure comprising a general factor of maternal role integration and two specific dimensions: Maternal Identity and Balance of the Maternal Role. The final 8-item version demonstrated excellent internal consistency for the total score (α = 0.96) and subscales (α = 0.98 for Maternal Identity and α = 0.98 for Balance of the Maternal Role), as well as measurement invariance across primiparous and multiparous women. Higher maternal role integration was associated with greater self-esteem, positive affect, and life satisfaction, and with lower anxiety, depression, prenatal distress, and maternal ambivalence. Importantly, MRIQ dimensions explained additional variance in antenatal depression and dispositional guilt beyond established psychological predictors, supporting its incremental and potential clinical utility. Conclusions: The MRIQ is a brief, psychometrically robust, and clinically relevant instrument for assessing maternal role integration during pregnancy. By capturing identity- and role-related processes that are not directly addressed by symptom-based screening tools, it may contribute to early identification of vulnerability and to more comprehensive perinatal psychological assessment in healthcare settings. Full article

Background/Objectives: In recent years, research on psychosis has increasingly focused on prevention, aiming to implement early interventions that mitigate or reduce its impact. Within this framework, the analysis of linguistic markers in individuals with at-risk mental states (ARMS) has proven valuable for identifying those at risk and predicting psychosis onset. Artificial intelligence tools, particularly natural language processing (NLP), have emerged as effective resources for detecting these language-based indicators. This study aims to synthesize the existing scientific evidence on linguistic markers analyzed through NLP techniques in individuals with ARMS. Methods: A systematic review following the PRISMA 2020 protocol was conducted. Three databases (PubMed, PsycInfo, and Scopus) were searched for published articles from their inception to October 2025. Rayyan software was used to manage references and article downloads. Out of ninety initial search results, fifteen studies involving 1313 participants from diverse groups were included in the review. Results: The findings indicated that alterations in semantic coherence, syntactic complexity, referential cohesion, and speech/content poverty differentiated ARMS individuals from healthy controls. Several of these markers, analyzed with NLP methods, predicted the onset of psychosis with accuracy levels ranging from 79% to 100%, although these findings should be interpreted with caution due to the significant methodological heterogeneity and variability in sample sizes across the included studies. Conclusions: NLP techniques offer a powerful approach for detecting language alterations that distinguish ARMS individuals and provide meaningful predictions of psychosis onset, highlighting their potential as a complement to traditional clinical assessments for early identification and prevention. Full article

Multimedia learning requires optimising information presentation in line with learners’ cognitive processes. Active processing depends on selecting relevant information, organising it into coherent mental representations, and integrating it with prior knowledge. When grounded in instructional design principles (cognitive load management, active learning, and alignment with learning objectives), video animations can be highly effective. In teaching complex content, visual strategies such as examples, analogies, images, infographics, and videos help make abstract or invisible concepts accessible. This review examines research on animations in formal education, noting its rapid growth (partly driven by AI), STEM predominance, and mixed findings on learning gains and persistent biases. Full article

Depression is a major mental health concern among college students. However, limited research has examined Otaku status as a psychosocial factor associated with depression. This cross-sectional correlational survey study included 206 Korean college students recruited from online communities and content-related exhibitions. Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Otaku status was quantitatively assessed using the Otaku Syndrome Scale. Participants were classified into the Otaku group and the Non-otaku group based on objective cut-off scores. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine differences in depression after adjusting for self-esteem, college adjustment, academic stress, employment stress, and economic status. The Otaku group reported significantly lower levels of depression than the Non-otaku group (t = 2.05, p = 0.041). After adjusting for covariates, Otaku status remained a significant predictor of lower depression (B = −1.63, p = 0.004). Self-esteem and college adjustment showed the strongest associations with depression. Otaku status may be associated with lower depression levels among college students and should be considered a meaningful psychosocial factor in mental health promotion strategies. Full article

Visual mental imagery, the ability to generate and manipulate internal visual experiences without direct sensory input, links perception with memory, planning, and higher cognition. In this targeted narrative review, we synthesize neuroimaging and lesion evidence on the brain basis of visual imagery, with a focus on neuroradiological correlates of the ventral and dorsal visual pathways. Unlike prior cognitive neuroscience reviews that primarily emphasize functional mechanisms, this review is neuroradiology-oriented and integrates lesion patterns and white-matter disconnection to support clinico-radiological interpretation of imagery complaints. Using a dual-stream framework, we contrast ventral occipito-temporal systems that preferentially support object imagery (appearance-based features such as form, faces/objects, and color, with texture remaining under-studied) with dorsal occipito-parietal systems that preferentially support spatial imagery (relations, transformations, and navigation). Across studies, imagery recruitment is strongly task- and stage-dependent: ventral regions are most often engaged during object-focused imagery, whereas parietal regions are prominent during spatial transformation tasks, with evidence for interaction between pathways when demands require both content and spatial operations. Structural and clinico-radiological findings indicate that imagery impairment can arise from focal posterior lesions and posterior neurodegenerative syndromes but also from network disruption affecting long-range connections that support top-down access to posterior representations. Finally, emerging work on aphantasia and hyperphantasia supports a network-level view in which imagery vividness relates to how effectively higher-order systems engage visual representations. We conclude that standardized, stream-sensitive tasks and multimodal approaches combining functional and structural imaging with lesion-based evidence are key to discovering clinically actionable biomarkers of imagery dysfunction. Full article

Background: Parents of school-age children with neurodevelopmental and conduct difficulties face elevated stress, reduced self-efficacy and relational strain, yet evidence for scalable, school-embedded support remains limited. Drawing on mentalization theory—which emphasises parents’ capacity to understand behaviour in terms of underlying mental states—this mixed-methods study evaluated a weekly parent learning group integrating psychoeducation, mentalization-based practice and peer support, delivered within an alternative provision school. Methods: A group of twelve parents who attended at least six sessions completed retrospective pretest–posttest questionnaires assessing parental reflective functioning (PRFQ) and parenting self-efficacy (PSOC). Semi-structured interviews explored parents’ subjective experiences and perceived changes in parent–child interactions and parent–school relationships. Quantitative outcomes were analysed using paired t-tests and effect sizes; qualitative data underwent reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Quantitative analyses revealed statistically significant improvements in parental reflective functioning and self-efficacy. Pre-mentalizing scores decreased substantially (d = 1.34), indicating reductions in non-mentalizing, while interest and curiosity about children’s mental states increased markedly (d = 1.83). Parenting self-efficacy improved significantly (d = 1.61). Although a reduction in excessive certainty about mental states approached significance (d = 0.63, p = 0.053), trends suggested greater epistemic balance. Qualitative analysis identified six themes elucidating mechanisms of change, including enhanced mentalizing capacity, reduced parental stress, transformed parent–child interactions and facilitation style as a critical active ingredient. Integration of findings suggests that psychoeducational content provided conceptual grounding for understanding behaviour, facilitator modelling scaffolded reflective practice, and relational safety within the group enabled authentic engagement with challenging experiences. Conclusions: These preliminary findings indicate that a school-based parent learning group combining psychoeducation, mentalization-based practice and peer support is feasible and associated with meaningful improvements in parental reflective functioning and self-efficacy. Parent narratives of transformed relational practices and shifts from reactive to reflective engagement echo broader literature demonstrating that group-delivered mentalization-oriented programmes can enhance reflective capacities and caregiving quality in diverse family contexts. The school setting may extend the reach of such interventions to families not engaged with clinical services and support collaborative parent–school partnerships. Future research should employ larger, controlled designs, incorporate observational and child outcome measures, and explore scalability across educational contexts. Full article

Background: Medical Assistance in Dying (MAiD) was first legalized in Canada in 2016, with legislation expanding from foreseeable to non-foreseeable natural deaths. A sole underlying medical condition of mental illness is expected to be added in 2027. Although legislation and reporting requirements are federally mandated, the implementation and delivery of MAiD are the responsibility of individual provinces and territories. Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare the organization, delivery, and oversight of MAiD programs across provinces and territories in consideration of access, equity, and safeguards. Methods: This study used a mixed methods approach to collect data. A comprehensive and systematic search for published peer reviewed literature on MAiD programs in Canada was conducted along with qualitative interviews with key informants using purposive and snowball sampling. A qualitative descriptive design was used for qualitative data, including content analysis. To facilitate a detailed comparative analysis of MAiD across jurisdictions, separate tables were created for each component or element, organizing the results of the literature review and qualitative analysis by jurisdiction. Patterns within these tables were identified through qualitative interpretation. The findings were then summarized in a narrative format. Results: A total of 113 interviews were conducted, representing all provinces and territories but Nunavut. Findings showed varied practices throughout the MAiD process between jurisdictions. Conclusions: The main findings of this study are that the organization of MAiD programs, oversight, reporting methods to Health Canada, intake, preliminary assessments, assessments, provision, and bereavement support vary. In addition, specific policies related to potentially vulnerable populations are lacking and jurisdictional practices also vary. Centralized, multidisciplinary MAiD programs with strong oversight mechanisms may strengthen issues related to access, equity, and safeguards. Full article

During the COVID-19 pandemic, women have had to face different psychosocial problems. For this reason, psychoeducational interventions based on web-based resources have been developed to address their mental health. This study aimed to evaluate the pilot of a psycho-emotional support web platform based on elements of cognitive-behavioural therapy in Mexican women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through a pre-experimental design with pre-test and post-test evaluations, 73 women between 18 and 68 years old (M = 43.42 years, SD = 12.40) had access to this platform for one month, which contained four thematic modules (stress, anxiety, depression and violence). They also received two complementary three-hour synchronous sessions. All participants reported similar levels of emotional symptoms (p > 0.05), as well as perceiving violence exerted by their partners (p > 0.05). The web platform and its psychoeducational content turned out to be quality informative resources; however, no statistically significant changes were observed in the psychological variables in question. Web platforms and emotional support applications should be developed according to the needs and characteristics of the population for which they are designed; this will promote greater satisfaction and reduce therapeutic abandonment. Full article

This study looks at a selection of newspaper content from 1995 to 2024 that mentions the names of SSRI drugs in passing as jokes, metaphors, or cultural references. These passing mentions of SSRIs are analyzed via qualitative textual analysis, considering stigma and trivialization. The results of the study suggest that stereotypes about SSRIs have been cemented via popular discourse and media coverage and persist today despite nearly 40 years of prescriptions. Mentions of the SSRI drugs in passing suggest the illusion of a post-Prozac society where mental illness has been “fixed” and therefore can be trivialized with little consequence. This work expands upon existing theoretical concepts to propose a new theoretical model—a continuum of trivialization and stigma which may aid researchers in parsing the ways that colloquialization, trivialization and stigma interact and overlap in media texts. Full article

A high prevalence of psychological distress and unmet mental health needs among youth, combined with a preference for self-reliance and informal support (e.g., peers), poses a major public health challenge. Growing reliance on digital platforms highlights the potential of anonymized online peer support forums as accessible first-line avenues of support. In India, research on peer support interventions remains scarce. This study aimed to identify the concerns for which Indian youth engage in an anonymized, moderated online peer support forum, as well as the purposes for posting. A retrospective qualitative design was employed, analyzing all 137 posts of 124 unique users received between February 2024 and October 2025 on the forum using hybrid thematic analysis. Findings revealed that user posts encompassed diverse concerns across personal, relational, social, and achievement domains. Feeling states emerged as the most prominent theme, frequently co-occurring with other themes, followed by self-related concerns. Several posts explicitly mentioned mental health concerns such as depression and social anxiety, often without mention of professional help-seeking suggestions. Family-related issues, romantic relationship concerns, academic pressures, social comparisons, and unmet needs for approval were some of the other themes that emerged. Shifting from content to motivations for posting, the analysis identified purposes such as venting distress, seeking suggestions, sharing reflections, engaging in meaning-making, and seeking reassurance or validation. Future work needs to examine whether such forums can function not only as spaces for strengthening self-help and peer support processes but also as avenues for improving professional help-seeking through normalization and encouragement of the same when appropriate. Full article