Search Results (282)

The production of winter wheat, spring barley, spring oilseed rape, and field beans requires detailed experimental data studies to analyze the quality and productivity of spring barley grain under different cultivation and tillage conditions. As the world’s population grows, more food is required to maintain a stable food supply chain. For many years, intensive farming systems have been used to meet this need. Today, intensive climate change events and other global environmental challenges are driving a shift towards sustainable use of natural resources and simplified cultivation methods that produce high-quality and productive food. It is important to study different tillage systems in order to understand how these methods can affect the chemical composition and nutritional value of the grain. Both agronomic and economic aspects contribute to the complexity of this field and their analysis will undoubtedly contribute to the development of more efficient agricultural practice models and the promotion of more conscious consumption. An appropriate tillage system should be oriented towards local climatic characteristics and people’s needs. The impact of reduced tillage on these indicators in spring barley production is still insufficiently investigated and requires further analysis at a global level. This study was carried out at Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy (Lithuania) in 2022–2024. Treatments were arranged using a split-plot design. Based on a long-term tillage experiment, five tillage systems were tested: deep and shallow plowing, deep cultivation–chiseling, shallow cultivation–disking, and no-tillage. The results show that in 2022–2024, the hectoliter weight and moisture content of spring barley grains increased, but protein content and germination decreased in shallowly plowed fields. In deep cultivation–chiseling fields, the protein content (0.1–1.1%) of spring barley grains decreased, and in shallow cultivation–disking fields, the moisture content (0.2–0.3%) decreased. In all fields, the simplified tillage systems applied reduced spring barley germination (0.4–16.7%). Tillage systems and meteorological conditions are the two main forces shaping the quality indicators of spring barley grains. Properly selected tillage systems and favorable climatic conditions undoubtedly contribute to better grain properties and higher yields, while reducing the risk of disease spread. Full article

Agroecology has traditionally been implemented using conventional methods. However, the integration of precision equipment, advanced methodologies, and digital technologies (DT) is now essential for transitioning to a more modern and efficient approach. While agroecological principles remain fundamental for planning and managing sustainable food systems by optimizing natural resources, technological tools can significantly support their implementation and adoption by farmers. This transition, however, must also consider socioeconomic factors and policy frameworks to ensure that technological advancements lead to meaningful improvements in farms and agroecosystems. Across both industrialized and emerging economies, various initiatives, such as precision agriculture, digital platforms, and e-commerce, are driving the digitalization of agroecology. These innovations offer clear benefits, including enhanced knowledge generation and direct improvements to the food supply chain; however, several barriers remain, including limited understanding of digital tools, high-energy demands, insufficient financial resources, economical constrains, weak policy support, lack of infrastructure, low digital learning by framers, etc. to facilitate the transition. This review looks for the understanding of how digitalization can align or conflict with local agroecological dynamics across distinct political frameworks and reality contexts because the information about DT adoption in agroecological practices is limited and it remains unclear if digital agriculture for scaling agroecology can considerably change power dynamics within the productive systems in regions of Europe and Latin America. In South America, among countries like Ecuador, with strong potential for agroecological development, where 60% of farms are less than 1 ha, and where farmers have expressed interest in agroecological practices, 80% have reported lacking sufficient information to make the transition to digitalization, making slow the adoption progress of these DT. While agroecology is gaining global recognition, its modernization through DT requires further research in technical, social, economic, cultural, and political dimensions to more guide the adoption of DT in agroecology with more certainty. Full article

While accelerating globalization and technological transformation, traditional food products occupy a vulnerable yet strategically important position, straddling the line between cultural preservation and the need to remain economically viable. This study assesses both the sustainability and economic potential of traditional food items specific to Bihor County, Romania, with particular attention to their integration into contemporary value chains. A mixed-methods design was employed, combining structured surveys with 137 local consumers and semi-structured interviews with 20 regional producers. This research focused on consumer awareness, purchasing behavior, and producers’ readiness to engage with digital tools, within the broader framework of human-centered development and the Industry 5.0 paradigm. Findings reveal a modest but consistent link between familiarity and the willingness to pay a premium, although the frequency of consumption appeared to be unaffected. Sustainability emerged as a widely held value, commonly associated with seasonality, natural ingredients, and artisanal methods. On the supply side, producers showed a cautious openness to digital adoption, often tempered by a strong desire to preserve traditional practices. Based on these insights, this study outlines a territorially grounded framework for enhancing the resilience of traditional foods. Policy recommendations include support for user-friendly digital platforms, improved rural infrastructure, and initiatives that reinforce the regional gastronomic identity. Full article

Effective stored-grain insect pest detection is crucial in grain storage management to prevent economic losses and ensure food security throughout production and supply chains. Existing detection methods suffer from issues such as high labor costs, environmental interference, high equipment costs, and inconsistent performance. To address these limitations, we proposed PDA-YOLO, an improved stored-grain insect pest detection algorithm based on YOLO11n which integrates three key modules: PoolFormer_C3k2 (PF_C3k2) for efficient local feature extraction, Attention-based Intra-Scale Feature Interaction (AIFI) for enhanced global context awareness, and Dynamic Multi-scale Aware Edge (DMAE) for precise boundary detection of small targets. Trained and tested on 6200 images covering five common stored-grain insect pests (Lesser Grain Borer, Red Flour Beetle, Indian Meal Moth, Maize Weevil, and Angoumois Grain Moth), PDA-YOLO achieved an mAP@0.5 of 96.6%, mAP@0.5:0.95 of 60.4%, and F1 score of 93.5%, with a computational cost of only 6.9 G and mean detection time of 9.9 ms per image. These results demonstrate the advantages over mainstream detection algorithms, balancing accuracy, computational efficiency, and real-time performance. PDA-YOLO provides a reference for pest detection in intelligent grain storage management. Full article

Global agriculture remains dependent on nitrogen fertilizers produced through fossil fuel-based processes, contributing to greenhouse gas emissions, energy use, and supply chain vulnerabilities. This review introduces plasma-activated water (PAW) as a novel, electricity-driven alternative for sustainable nitrogen delivery. Generated by non-thermal plasma, PAW infuses water with reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, offering a clean, decentralized substitute for conventional synthetic fertilizers derived from the Haber–Bosch and Ostwald processes. It can be produced on-site using renewable energy, reducing transportation costs and depending on fertilizers. Beyond its fertilizer properties, PAW enhances seed germination, plant growth, stress tolerance, and pest resistance, making it a multifunctional input for controlled environment agriculture. We also assess PAW’s techno-economic viability, including energy requirements, production costs, and potential scalability through renewable energy. These factors are crucial for determining its feasibility in both industrial systems and localized agricultural applications. Finally, the review examines PAW’s contribution to the ten United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly in climate action, clean energy, and sustainable food production. By combining agronomic performance with circular production and emissions reduction, PAW presents a promising path toward more resilient, low-impact, and self-sufficient agricultural systems. Full article

The global food system confronts critical challenges, including food insecurity, small-scale producer vulnerability, and environmental degradation. While locally led initiatives emerge as potential solutions, they face obstacles, such as participant bias and scaling limitations. This study analyzes 157 international and 91 Japanese locally led food initiatives to understand their contributions to food system sustainability. Our findings reveal that these initiatives address key issues, including food security, environmental sustainability, community revitalization, and poverty reduction, reflecting various manifestations of problems within the modern global food system despite differing contexts. These initiatives operate across the food supply chain, emphasizing cross-group collaboration, knowledge sharing, resource utilization, and shortened supply chains. Significant differences exist between high-income and low- to middle-income approaches; lower-income regions prioritize resource access and skill development, while high-income areas focus on collaboration and leveraging existing resources. Many initiatives aim to empower marginalized groups, indicating a trend towards inclusivity. Although individual local initiatives may have limited impact, their collective action in fostering collaboration and empowerment is vital for transforming food systems. Networking and intermediary support emerge as essential components for scaling these initiatives to achieve meaningful systemic change. Full article

Greater engagement with alternative food supply chains is considered a key factor in reducing a range of environmental and social harms associated with the global agri-food system. However, consumer engagement with these supply chains is low, and little research has investigated this issue in the Australian context. This study aimed to identify Australian consumers’ drivers and barriers in procuring food grown locally from alternative grocery retailers. Self-reported primary or co-equal grocery shoppers (n = 325) completed measures of drivers and barriers to shopping for locally produced food (within 200 km) from alternative retailers, as well as current behavioural engagement with such. An exploratory factor analysis revealed four key drivers (Food Shopping as an Expression of Values, Food Shopping as a Socio-Emotional Experience, Avoiding “Unnatural” Food, Protesting the Duopoly) and two key barriers (It’s All Too Hard, Local Food Scepticism). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that together, these drivers and barriers explained a significant 9% of the variance in the frequency of alternate shopping practices, of which only the barrier It’s All Too Hard accounted for a significant amount of unique variance. Findings point to ways to encourage engagement with sustainable food systems, as well as critical barriers to overcoming disengagement. Full article

The purpose of this study was to analyze the poultry chain in southern Italy to describe the characteristics of farms and their locations and to propose an optimized organizational model with a broader approach that considers not only economic and environmental factors, but also ethical ones, including animal welfare protection, particularly in the poultry food safety chain. To obtain these results, the geolocations of poultry facilities, identifying possible verticalizations in the supply chain, were used. Data were collected in the province of Foggia (Italy) and organized in a dataset in collaboration with the Prevention Department of the Local Health Authority. A geo-imputation procedure and centroid calculation allowed us to formulate an optimizing hypothesis regarding the geolocation of upstream and downstream facilities in the process of chicken breeding by identifying a possible verticalization in the supply chain. Our results highlight the importance of broadening the concept of industrial symbiosis in the management of poultry farming, not only from an environmental perspective, but also from a social perspective. In particular, concerning ethical aspects, protecting animal welfare today is an essential goal of the sector to ensure high quality and yield of poultry meat. The results represent the first step towards proposing an optimized organizational model that takes ethical and social aspects into consideration. The paper is intended to highlight how, in the poultry sector, an organizational scheme can also reconcile other aspects, such as safeguarding the welfare conditions of animals on farms and during transport to improve food safety. Full article

Traditional cereals, recognised for their adaptability, high nutritional value, and unique sensory characteristics, have largely been excluded from global food supply chains. Recent shifts in consumption patterns, particularly in urban areas, indicate a growing demand for high-quality bread, creating new opportunities for farmers interested in sustainable production techniques and traditional varieties. However, challenges such as seed availability, regulatory constraints, marketing strategies, and logistical barriers persist. This study, conducted within the framework of the CERTRA project—Development of Traditional Cereal Value Chains for Sustainable Food in Portugal—aims to enhance the traditional cereal value chain in Portugal by identifying key challenges and opportunities and proposing effective development strategies. The research employs a mixed-method approach, including documentary research, a SWOT analysis based on the scientific literature and stakeholder insights, and a case study methodology examining twelve successful European initiatives. The findings highlight strengths such as seed sovereignty, resilience under low-input farming, and market potential through certification and short food supply chains. However, weaknesses such as lower yields, mechanisation challenges, and seed access restrictions remain critical obstacles. Our analysis suggests that participatory breeding programs, farmer-led seed networks, and hybrid distribution models integrating direct sales, online platforms, and local partnerships can support the revitalisation of traditional cereals. Future research should focus on consumer preferences, branding strategies, and technological innovations that enhance processing efficiency while preserving the ecological and cultural value of traditional varieties. Full article

Livestock production systems are major consumers of freshwater, potentially compromising the sustainability of water resources at production sites. The water footprint (WF) quantifies the water consumed and polluted by a product or service. The aim of this study was to evaluate the WF of steer production from the cradle to the farm gate in representative intensive, extensive, and mixed farms located in the southeast of Buenos Aires province, Argentina. The WF to produce a live steer varied between 4247 and 5912 m³/animal. The extensive system contains the highest green WF but is also the most sustainable compared to industrial and mixed productions since it does not have an associated pollutant load or blue water. This work is the first approach to calculating the WF of live steers in Argentina carried out with local and detailed data and focuses on grey WF related to nitrogen leaching from effluents in intensive systems, showing that the blue and grey footprints increase as production intensifies. The information may be relevant for consumers and producers to make more informed decisions. Furthermore, it is essential for governments to promote sustainable practices in livestock farming, recognizing the dependence on water resources both domestically and throughout international supply chains, in order to assess their environmental policies and ensure national food security. Full article

Metropolitan areas increasingly confront complex challenges related to food security, social inequality, environmental degradation, and resource scarcity, exacerbated by rapid urbanization, climate change, and the reliance on extended, fragile supply chains. Urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) is recognized as a promising approach to mitigate these issues. For example, it enhances food security and nutrition by strengthening local food supply systems, improves livelihoods by providing employment and income for local residents, and promotes environmental sustainability through the creation of greening spaces and reduction of food miles. However, the full potential of UPA remains constrained by various technological, economic, and social barriers, such as limited growing spaces, lack of land tenure security, low economic efficiency, and insufficient public awareness and acceptance. Given that the technological innovations are critical in overcoming these barriers and maximizing the positive impacts of UPA, this review provides a state-of-the-art overview of advanced technologies and tools applicable to UPA, aiming to inform how these innovations can be better enabled to enhance UPA’s contributions to sustainable urban food systems. The review begins by defining UPA, categorizing its various forms, and exploring its multifunctional roles within urban contexts. It then presents a thorough analysis of a range of UPA technologies that serve specific purposes, including productivity and product quality improvement, space utilization optimization, resource recycling, and land use management. Furthermore, the review evaluates the current challenges faced by these technologies throughout the stages of research and development (R&D), dissemination and extension, and application and commercialization, employing an analytical framework adapted from Technology Life Cycle theories. In conclusion, the review emphasizes the crucial roles that UPA and relevant technological innovations play in transforming food systems and urban environments. It proposes four key recommendations: (1) enhancing funding mechanisms and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration for UPA R&D, (2) strengthening UPA technology dissemination systems, (3) promoting economic feasibility and market integration within UPA business models, and (4) establishing supportive environments among all stakeholders in the innovation process. These targeted strategies are essential for scaling UPA technologies, thereby strengthening food security, environmental sustainability, and socio-economic resilience in metropolitan areas. Full article

The growing interest in peanut production in Italy represents a significant opportunity from both an agronomic and economic standpoint. Aflatoxin B₁ (AFB1) contamination is a major concern with imported peanuts; developing an Italian peanut supply chain can ensure a well-managed local product, with special care for food safety. This study aimed to provide a first overview of Italian peanut production, focusing on the Aspergillus section Flavi and AFB1 occurrence in the raw product. During 2022 and 2023, 18 peanut fields were sampled at complete maturity across the Italian production areas, considering three varieties: Lotos, SIS-AR_01, and IPG914. The results showed the occurrence of Aspergillus sec. Flavi in peanut pods, even though AFB1 was always absent or in traces, well below the European legal limits. These findings confirmed the quality of Italian peanut production, even though further research is requested to confirm the positive results of this first report. Full article

Background: Agriculture plays a key role in Colombia’s economy. However, the sector faces persistent logistics, infrastructure, and supply chain integration challenges that hinder its development. While background studies have primarily addressed socio-economic needs and strategies to overcome these long-standing challenges, supply chain coordination remains critical for enhancing efficiency and sustainability. This study examined the impact of joint decision-making mechanisms on the logistical performance of a citrus food supply chain in Colombia. Methods: We employed agent-based modeling and simulation to evaluate three scenarios: single distribution (the current system referred to as Single-distribution), joint consolidation (Joint-consolidation), and joint consolidation–distribution (Joint-consolidation-distribution). Key performance indicators, including total logistics costs, Staytime, and load capacity utilization, were analyzed to evaluate the scenarios. Results: The joint-consolidation–distribution model emerged as the most effective, reducing logistical costs, improving load utilization, and increasing farmers’ revenues by 55.9% compared to individual sales. Consolidating harvest and distribution through a food hub improved efficiency by centralizing logistics and reducing the reliance on middlemen. Conclusions: Our findings provide actionable insights into how joint coordination enhances smallholder farmers’ economic outcomes, strengthens supply chain sustainability, and fosters community development. These results support policies promoting productive associations and local food hubs as key facilitators of market access and logistical efficiency in rural agricultural sectors. Full article

This study examined the involvement of foodservice establishments in Slovakia in short food supply chains (SFSCs), focusing on factors influencing supplier selection, perceived benefits and barriers, and the impact of logistical and market conditions. The findings revealed that, while freshness and price–quality ratio are key factors for all establishments, products with local origins are significantly more valued by those engaged in SFSCs. These establishments report strengthened social connections with local producers, enhanced trust, transparency, and support for local agriculture as core benefits of SFSC participation. Key barriers include high product costs, seasonal availability, and logistical challenges, with those engaged in SFSCs facing additional difficulties in meeting volume requirements and accessing suppliers. The study found that logistical capabilities, particularly the ability to manage transport independently, strongly influence SFSC involvement, while market conditions were not shown to be significant. A lack of comprehensive distribution systems and the limited knowledge of regional suppliers further constrain SFSC engagement. These insights highlight the need for improved coordination and information channels to facilitate broader foodservice participation in regional food systems in Slovakia. Full article

In the United States, small and beginning (SB) farmers depend on institutional and elite customers to increase their farm income, whereas food-insecure communities lack alternatives for accessing and utilizing healthy local foods. This study examined two middle-of-the-chain organizations attempting to break the demand- and supply-related barriers faced by food-insecure consumers and SB farmers, respectively. The study suggests that deep engagement on both sides can facilitate the creation of a viable local food pathway. One organization serves as an aggregator for SB farmers while preventing the unrealistic expectations of institutional customers. A second organization activates food-insecure consumers’ agencies to conceptualize and transform locally sourced food into acceptable forms. It provides the necessary support to ensure the utilization of healthy, nutritious foods. When the two organizations’ missions are aligned, they can use an emergent, flexible, and adaptable approach with a continuous improvement mindset to increase SB farmer livelihoods and reduce food insecurity. Middle-of-the-chain organizations collectively should have more than one way to make local foods available, accessible, and utilizable by food-insecure consumers. A nonprofit social enterprise model of organizations in the middle seems central to the viability of the community-based food system. The system is still in its early stages. Further research is needed to examine its sustained viability. Full article