Search Results (239)

Water scarcity and uneven spatiotemporal water distribution trigger severe supply–demand conflicts in arid irrigation districts, making rational water allocation critical to safeguarding food security and improving water use efficiency. This study selects the Jiamu Town Irrigation District in the Tailan River Basin of Xinjiang as the research case. By incorporating hydrological year types, ten-day runoff sequences, exploitable groundwater volumes, and crop irrigation priorities, a multi-objective optimization model was constructed. The two optimization objectives are minimizing total groundwater extraction and the weighted irrigation water deficit. Herein the weighted deficit equals the physical water shortage of each crop-growth-stage irrigation task multiplied by its priority coefficient, which drives the optimization iteration to prioritize water-shortage relief for high-priority irrigation demands. The key findings are summarized as follows: (1) Relative to the actual water consumption in 2023, the optimized scheme raises surface water utilization efficiency from 73.1% to 81.3% and cuts groundwater exploitation by 2.05 million m³ (from 11.09 million m³ to 9.04 milion m³). (2) Under a fixed crop planting structure, irrigation water demands across all ten-day intervals can be largely satisfied. (3) Crop irrigation satisfaction rates exceed 97% across all hydrological scenarios, with water deficits predominantly occurring in drip-irrigated pepper and orchards. The proposed optimal allocation model can effectively curb groundwater overexploitation and minimized water use conflicts among diverse crops and their critical growth stages, offering technical references for refined water resource management in arid canal–well irrigation districts. Full article

Traffic reallocation is usually framed as moving flights toward apparent spare airport capacity, yet the same move can redirect demand through different runways and shared corridors. We tested whether the local capacity response to a fixed reallocation remains invariant to this resource-chain composition. Using a discrete-event model of the Beijing Capital, Beijing Daxing and Tianjin Binhai airports, we crossed seven airport allocations with five prespecified composition levels. At a model-success threshold of 0.90, increasing Beijing Capital’s share by five percentage points produced a finite-search response of $[-145,-115]$ flights under the lower-pressure composition but $[10,25]$ under the higher-pressure composition. The propagated interaction interval was $[125,170]$ flights. The reversal was consistent across three independent seed families, and 95% paired-bootstrap percentile intervals excluded zero for both outer compositions. None of 100 prespecified pressure-label controls met the certain-tail criterion, while seven control intervals overlapped the observed band. These are reference-tail proportions, not a randomization p-value. Runway and corridor relief each restored all seven failing operating-state boundary cases. These results show that reallocation acts on a coupled airport–resource system whose response depends on the complete chains carried by demand. These findings are model-conditional finite-search results under expert-bounded perturbations, not an official capacity determination or a calibrated estimate of operational reliability. Full article

This study employed a mixed-methods design combining a survey of 167 social workers in Seoul and in-depth interviews with three social welfare experts to explore strategies for integrating forest welfare services into the social service system. The survey results showed a high willingness to participate in forest welfare services. Demand was high for psychological and emotional stability (29.3%) and recreation and leisure enhancement (26.0%). Among the expected benefits, stress relief and improvement of psychological health showed the highest response rate (38.9%), while guaranteed participation during working hours was identified as the most important support needed (51.5%). Expert interviews indicated that a legal and institutional foundation, evidence of service effectiveness, professional program development, and cooperation among relevant organizations are necessary for sustained service operation and integration into the social service system. Based on these findings, this study proposes four major strategies for service revitalization: establishing a legal and institutional foundation, securing policy and academic evidence, developing tailored service models reflecting target characteristics, and establishing inter-organizational cooperation. These findings provide baseline information for future pilot implementation, effectiveness evaluation, and institutionalization of forest welfare services for social workers. Full article

After infrastructure disruption, an emergency wireless controller must meet urgent communication demand and preserve resources for later periods. We propose Scarcity-Coefficient Gated Projection Reinforcement Learning (SCGP-RL). It jointly selects total planning-layer activation and a regional capacity upper-bound vector. Scarcity and urgent-demand evidence shape the activation intent. Scalar and capped-simplex projections enforce the coupled action constraints. A planning capacity unit (PCU) is defined as a calibratable service-capacity quantum. In the common constrained evaluation, SCGP-RL reduced the unmet urgent-demand score from 0.6643 for Projected CPO to 0.4919. It also satisfied all the executed hard constraints. Component tests show that the urgent-demand gate drives rapid service response and that the marginal demand-relief estimate provides a smaller benefit. Binding-condition tests show that the power, backhaul, and node-health mechanisms protect the resources they represent. Full article

Metal parts produced by directed energy deposition go through a complex thermal history during the deposition stage, which can result in heterogeneous microstructures and the accumulation of residual stress. While individual post-processing heat treatments are widely used to address these issues, the industrial logistics of manufacturing large components often demand specific sequences of combined treatments (e.g., applying stress relief prior to substrate detachment to prevent distortion, followed by high-temperature solubilization, or vice versa). The microstructural and mechanical consequences of altering this sequence remain underexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of different post-processing heat treatment sequences on the mechanical properties of AISI 316L deposited through laser-directed energy deposition. Tensile and Charpy impact tests were carried out on the specimens under five conditions: (i) as-built; (ii) stress relief; (iii) solubilization; (iv) stress relief and solubilization; and (v) solubilization and stress relief. A statistical analysis of variance supported a comparison between each treatment’s influence on the mechanical properties under each condition. Furthermore, the typical microstructures were assessed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The solubilization treatment reduced the ultimate tensile strength (from ~618 MPa to ~576 MPa) and the yield stress (from ~424 MPa to ~299 MPa), while no significant change was observed in elongation (ranging from 27% to 38%) due to high data dispersion. The stress relief, however, did not significantly change these mechanical properties. Considering the heat treatment combinations, the solubilization had a stronger impact on tensile stress than the stress relief, regardless of the treatment order. Impact resistance was not significantly affected by any of the heat treatments, maintaining an average of ~114 J. The solubilization treatment fully recrystallized the microstructure, while the stress relief did not promote any significant changes at an optical microscopy level. Ultimately, this study demonstrates that the microstructural transformations induced by the solubilization step dominate the final mechanical baseline, indicating that the sequence order is not a determining factor. This finding grants critical flexibility for industrial manufacturing logistics, allowing stress relief to be strategically applied when most convenient for dimensional stability without compromising final part performance. Full article

The losses caused by frequent natural disasters are increasing day by day, and the short-video platform has become the core digital space for the public to pay attention to disasters and express their demands. In the face of massive multimodal data, how to automatically extract features and quantify their impact on public behavior is a key technical challenge facing information systems and computational social sciences. To address this issue, this study proposes an automated multimodal data mining and modeling framework that integrates YOLOv11-based computer vision with BERT-based natural language processing for disaster short-video analysis. Real-world short-video and interaction data were automatically collected using web crawling. YOLOv11 was employed to identify and quantify two types of visual information—relief information and suffering information—while BERT was used to extract a text-based rescue satisfaction index. Then, the partial least squares structural equation model was used to explore the driving mechanism of information characteristics on public engagement. It was found that the content of relief information in videos has a significant positive impact on satisfaction but a significant negative impact on engagement. The content of suffering information has a significant negative impact on satisfaction but a significant positive impact on engagement. In addition, satisfaction has a significant negative impact on engagement and plays an intermediary role between the two types of information content and engagement. By integrating YOLOv11 and BERT into a unified short-video analytics framework, this study extends automated multimodal disaster information analysis and provides practical support for optimizing emergency communication and disaster information-release strategies. Full article

Background: Patients receiving palliative and hospice care frequently experience high symptom burden alongside altered body perception due to progressive disease and physical decline. While acupressure has demonstrated beneficial effects on symptoms such as nausea, pain, fatigue, and anxiety, its potential influence on body awareness has not been systematically investigated. Furthermore, evidence regarding the feasibility and implementation of nurse-led acupressure interventions across different palliative and hospice care settings remains limited. This study aims to explore the feasibility, acceptability, and potential effects of acupressure on symptom burden and body awareness in palliative care settings. Methods: This pilot study evaluates a nurse-led acupressure intervention aimed at improving body awareness in patients receiving palliative and hospice care across specialized inpatient and outpatient settings. This study is designed as a prospective, exploratory, mixed-methods pilot and feasibility study using a pre-post design across multiple care settings, including a palliative care unit, specialized palliative home care (SAPV), an inpatient palliative consultation service (PMD), and a hospice. A total of 60–80 adult patients with incurable illnesses will be recruited. The intervention consists of standardised acupressure administered by trained nursing staff, with at least two sessions per participant. Primary outcomes focus on feasibility and acceptability indicators, including recruitment, retention, adherence, intervention documentation, and data completeness. Exploratory clinical outcomes include symptom burden, body awareness, and use of on-demand medication. Quantitative outcomes include symptom burden (MIDOS), body awareness (State Mindfulness Scale—Body subscale), and use of on-demand medication. Qualitative data will be collected through brief patient interviews using the Body Image Assessment (BIA) and semi-structured interviews with patients and healthcare providers after the completed intervention. Data will be analysed using descriptive and exploratory inferential statistics, alongside a linguistic and thematic analysis. Quantitative and qualitative findings will be integrated using a convergent triangulation approach. Discussion: This study will provide first insights into the feasibility and acceptability of acupressure in palliative and hospice care and generate hypotheses regarding its potential effects on symptom relief and body awareness. Findings will inform the design of a future randomized controlled trial and contribute to the implementation of complementary therapies in integrative palliative care. Full article

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and epilepsy are complex, frequently co-occurring neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders that share key mechanisms, such as altered neurotransmission, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and gut–brain axis disruption. Despite pharmacological advances, current treatments often provide only partial relief and are associated with significant side effects. The comorbidity of ASD and epilepsy, affecting millions worldwide, remains under-recognised and poorly addressed, imposing a profound burden on patients, families, and healthcare systems through reduced quality of life, increased caregiving demands, and substantial social and economic costs. This review highlights the convergent pathways shared between ASD and epilepsy, including immune dysregulation, synaptic dysfunction, and metabolic imbalance, which create opportunities for unified therapeutic strategies. Marine algae have emerged as a sustainable source of bioactive compounds offering a unique potential to address these overlapping pathologies. Algal polyunsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, polyphenols, polysaccharides, and vitamins have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and microbiota-modulating activities. By addressing both the biological underpinnings and clinical burden of ASD–epilepsy comorbidity, algae-based strategies represent a novel and ecologically sustainable direction for mitigating ASD–epilepsy comorbidity and advancing marine-inspired neurotherapeutics. Full article

Short section delays in metro corridors can spread quickly through transfer hubs and return to operations as longer dwell times, local crowding, and downstream delay. Existing disruption–recovery studies often optimize train regulation, station control, and passenger guidance in separate modules, which makes it difficult to assemble a linked response that is both operationally coherent and auditable. This study develops an LLM-driven multi-agent decision framework for abnormal response in urban rail transit. Role-specific agents generate train-, station-, transfer-, and information-side measures; a safety-review agent removes infeasible actions; and an arbitration agent produces a structured DecisionCard for simulation backfeeding. A corridor-level mesoscopic model is built for the Shanghai Metro Line 2 section between East Nanjing Road and Lujiazui, covering four key transfer hubs. The evaluation combines five online LLM cases with a broader 3-by-3 delay–demand matrix and transfer-capacity sensitivity tests. Relative to B4-SOP-Limited, Online-MA-Rolling reduces total delay by 3.5–48.8% and peak transfer queues by 2.0–90.3% in the five online cases. Across the nine delay–demand combinations, the multi-agent strategy reduces total delay by 58.9% on average and transfer-queue peaks by 32.6% on average compared with B4. When transfer service capacity is reduced by 25%, however, queue relief collapses and the delay advantage can reverse under high load. The main contribution of the framework is, therefore, not the use of LLMs alone, but the production of linked, reviewable, and simulation-testable response plans within a clearly bounded operating envelope. Full article

Background/Objectives: In a recent meta-analysis of 1186 empirical studies, results showed that impulsivity may be one of the most important predictors of substance use. As such, the current study examined the association between an emerging psychological construct in the military veteran population, moral injury, and impulsivity—a construct found in high prevalence among military veterans. Methods: In this cross-sectional pilot study, 31 veterans completed the Moral Injury Purchase Task (MIPT), a behavioral economic assessment of sensitivity to moral injury–related relief, and the Monetary Choice Questionnaire. Demand indices for moral injury were derived, and delay discounting was quantified using area under the curve (AUC) and effective delay (ED50). Results: Participants were primarily White and male, with an average age of 38.55 years. Multivariable linear regression models adjusted for age, race, and sex. Higher moral injury intensity (b = 0.002, SE = 0.001, p = 0.04) and clinically significant moral injury (b = 0.17, SE = 0.07, p = 0.02) were associated with greater delay discounting AUCs, indicating increased preference for immediate outcomes. ED50 was not significantly associated with moral injury indices. Conclusions: Results suggest that moral injury may be linked to contextually driven shifts toward immediate reinforcement. Practitioners should consider including delay discounting in clinical settings. Full article

Background: Immigrant working women’s well-being is shaped not only by formal health and settlement services but also by everyday opportunities for rest, social connection, cultural expression, and participation in community life. This study examined how three community-based leisure activities were experienced by Farsi-speaking Iranian immigrant women aged 30 to 55 living in Ottawa, Canada. Methods: Organized in partnership with PAND Settlement Services, the activities included a group walk along the Rideau Canal, a Classical Persian dance workshop, and a group visit to the National Gallery of Canada. Data were drawn from 32 post-activity evaluation surveys, researcher field notes, and two follow-up semi-structured feedback sessions. Structured items were analyzed descriptively; open-ended responses and feedback sessions notes were analyzed thematically following Braun and Clarke’s six-phase approach. Results: Participants rated all three activities positively across enjoyment, accessibility, and social contact. Leisure was experienced as a meaningful break from routine, a source of emotional relief, an opportunity to meet other women, and a setting in which shared language and migration experience made participation easier and more comfortable. Sustained participation remained shaped by time pressure, caregiving demands, weather, transportation, cost, and access to clear and trusted information. Conclusions: Leisure activities contributed to the well-being and sense of belonging for the women who participated in the study. Full article

The Makara, a potent hybrid guardian figure from Indian architectural sculpture, poses a question for the study of artistic exchange: how did this complex motif travel across Asia and transform into a simplified painted emblem on Chinese export ceramics? We address this question by analyzing a corpus of textual sources, sculptural reliefs, and ceramic assemblages, with a focused case study on ninth-century Changsha kiln production and the pivotal evidence from the Belitung shipwreck. The analysis reveals a profound morphological and functional shift. In stone, the Makara appears as a powerful, three-dimensional guardian in complex crocodilian or elephantine forms. In contrast, on mass-produced Changsha bowls, it is abbreviated to a stylized, two-dimensional head, often paired with a pearl. We argue that this transformation was not a simple degradation but a sophisticated act of modular translation. The shift in medium from stone carving to swift underglaze painting and the demands of a global market forced a functional reinvention: the static, architectural guardian became a portable, commercial emblem. Ultimately, the analysis frames the Changsha artisan as an active cultural translator and the Makara bowls as an early, successful example of customized export design for a global audience. Full article

The electrification of residential demand through electric vehicles (EVs), heat pumps (HPs), photovoltaic (PV) systems, and battery energy storage systems (BESSs) creates new congestion challenges in low-voltage (LV) grids. This study evaluates a transparent, deterministic, and real-time-capable rule-based energy management system (EMS) for curative thermal congestion management within a §14a EnWG-oriented setting. The EMS is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink and tested on a representative four-feeder LV network supplying 56 households. Congestion is detected from maximum phase root-mean-square currents using conservative transformer and feeder thresholds. After a threshold is reached, the EMS first activates available BESS support and then applies simultaneous feeder-wide EV limitation, batched round-robin curtailment, or staged feeder-wide reduction toward $4.2$ kW. In the uncontrolled case, the Feeder 3 and transformer overload areas are $62.84$ Ah and $48.50$ Ah, respectively. All controlled scenarios remove at least 98.70% of the feeder overload and eliminate the transformer overload within the reported numerical precision. The batched strategy requires $328.54$ Ah of cumulative feeder-current reduction, compared with $977.34$ Ah for simultaneous control and $816.00$ Ah for staged control, and achieves the highest feeder-relief efficiency. It therefore provides a balanced trade-off between congestion relief and intervention intensity for the investigated deterministic case. Full article

To examine the mechanisms through which supply-side policy instruments influence the early diffusion of high-quality technologies in technology markets, this study constructs a bilateral evolutionary model incorporating finitely rational technology suppliers and demanders based on evolutionary game theory and a bipartite small-world network. Through multi-agent simulations, the study analyzes the effects of government R&D funding, tax relief and technology transaction subsidies on the diffusion of high-quality technologies and the process of supply-demand strategy adaptation, with the aim of characterizing the role of public fiscal funds in screening for effective technology supply. The study reached the following main conclusions: First, under the baseline scenario, high-quality technologies exhibit a strong tendency toward endogenous diffusion, and supply-side policies primarily serve to accelerate marginal growth in the early stages rather than fundamentally altering the long-term convergence trend. Among these policies, R&D funding, as an ex ante incentive tool, has the most direct impact on early-stage diffusion; however, high-intensity funding leads to a decline in fiscal efficiency; Second, the independent effects of ex post incentive tools like tax relief and technology transaction subsidies are relatively moderate, with the former exhibiting high fiscal efficiency at low to medium intensities, and the latter exerting a moderate incentive effect by increasing the returns on successful transactions, though both suffer from diminishing marginal returns; Third, the supply-demand strategy fit index can be used to help characterize the supply-demand coordination process, but it cannot be directly interpreted as an indicator of technology quality or diffusion quality; Finally, robustness tests indicate that the main conclusions remain stable under perturbations to network topology, initial conditions, and Fermi noise parameters. Overall, the design of supply-side policies should simultaneously consider the timing of policy implementation, market-matching mechanisms, and fiscal cost-effectiveness. Full article

In post-disaster relief operations, emergency fleets typically consist of vehicles with varying load capacities, travel speeds, and operating costs. These heterogeneous vehicles are prone to unexpected breakdowns during delivery, which can severely disrupt supply chains and delay urgent aid. Existing scheduling approaches, however, rarely account for fleet heterogeneity, real-time breakdowns, and the trade-off between delivery speed and cost within a unified framework. This paper addresses this gap by formulating the dynamic scheduling of heterogeneous emergency fleets as a two-stage mixed-integer programming model, where total transportation time and cost are simultaneously minimized. The key algorithmic contribution is a fuzzy robust adaptive multi-objective hybrid algorithm (FR-AMOHA) with three interconnected design components. First, a fuzzy evaluation-based pre-matching strategy uses entropy-weighted multi-criteria assessment to generate high-quality initial solutions. Second, a failure-resilient rescheduling module freezes system state upon breakdown detection and selects recovery plans via multi-dimensional resilience scoring to prevent cascading failures. Third, a Pareto-guided adaptive neighborhood search dynamically adjusts operator selection to balance time and cost optimization. Tests on 40 real-world instances with 50 to 1000 demand nodes show that FR-AMOHA achieves optimal inverted generational distance values on 17 out of 40 instances, improves hypervolume by 15% to 35% on average compared with other metaheuristics, and keeps computation times between 40 and 250 s, which is within acceptable limits for emergency decision-making. FR-AMOHA outperforms Gurobi and six leading metaheuristics in solution quality with comparable computational cost. Full article