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1,852 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Citations
9,251 Views
25 Pages

13 June 2018

A solid and consistent research production has, up to now, considerably contributed to the identification and exploration of the meanings, theoretical foundations, and possible implications of tourism in the cities. The focus on pursuing sustainable...

  • Article
  • Open Access
37 Citations
5,577 Views
18 Pages

Urban vitality is a major indicator used for evaluating the sustainability and attractiveness of an urban environment. Global experience indicates that urban vitality can be stimulated through a reasonable urban design. However, it remains incomplete...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,400 Views
27 Pages

19 March 2024

The aim of the article is to analyze the perceived thermal comfort and indoor air quality of occupants and establish associations between these responses and the building-related, occupant-related characteristics, and environmental parameters of resi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
487 Views
17 Pages

12 October 2025

In recent years, there has been growing recognition that reducing environmental pollution, particularly from building emissions, is essential for improving residents’ well-being. Buildings contribute substantially to worldwide greenhouse gas an...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,014 Views
23 Pages

17 May 2022

Oversimplifying occupant behaviour using static and standard schedules has been identified as a limitation of building energy simulation tools. This paper describes the use of hierarchical cluster analysis to establish the most typical indoor tempera...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,566 Views
22 Pages

Economic Risk Assessment by Weather-Related Heat Stress Indices for Confined Livestock Buildings: A Case Study for Fattening Pigs in Central Europe

  • Günther Schauberger,
  • Martin Schönhart,
  • Werner Zollitsch,
  • Stefan J. Hörtenhuber,
  • Leopold Kirner,
  • Christian Mikovits,
  • Johannes Baumgartner,
  • Martin Piringer,
  • Werner Knauder and
  • Isabel Hennig-Pauka
  • + 2 authors

In the last decades, farm animals kept in confined and mechanically ventilated livestock buildings have been increasingly confronted with heat stress (HS) due to global warming. These adverse conditions cause a depression of animal health and welfare...

  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
5,851 Views
25 Pages

Personal Control of the Indoor Environment in Offices: Relations with Building Characteristics, Influence on Occupant Perception and Reported Symptoms Related to the Building—The Officair Project

  • Ioannis Sakellaris,
  • Dikaia Saraga,
  • Corinne Mandin,
  • Yvonne de Kluizenaar,
  • Serena Fossati,
  • Andrea Spinazzè,
  • Andrea Cattaneo,
  • Tamas Szigeti,
  • Victor Mihucz and
  • John Bartzis
  • + 3 authors

7 August 2019

Personal control over various indoor environment parameters, especially in the last decades, appear to have a significant role on occupants’ comfort, health and productivity. To reveal this complex relationship, 7441 occupants of 167 recently b...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
850 Views
15 Pages

Understanding the historical peak situation and the rules for CO2 emissions from buildings helps to formulate reasonable building mitigation strategies, accelerating the achievement of the Chinese government’s carbon peak goal. As developed reg...

  • Article
  • Open Access
43 Citations
6,400 Views
19 Pages

9 May 2022

The complexity and diversity of buildings make it challenging to extract low-level and high-level features with strong feature representation by using deep neural networks in building extraction tasks. Meanwhile, deep neural network-based methods hav...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
3,506 Views
23 Pages

Impacts of Rooftop Photovoltaics on the Urban Thermal Microclimate: Metrological Investigations

  • Elisabeth Fassbender,
  • Simon Pytlik,
  • Josef Rott and
  • Claudia Hemmerle

14 September 2023

Ambitious climate protection requires decentralized renewable energy production via building-related photovoltaics in cities. However, cities are also subject to the Urban Heat Island effect, which negatively impacts human health. In this context, th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
2,964 Views
22 Pages

Urban-Scale Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations with Boundary Conditions from Similarity Theory and a Mesoscale Model

  • Demetri Bouris,
  • Athanasios G. Triantafyllou,
  • Athina Krestou,
  • Elena Leivaditou,
  • John Skordas,
  • Efstathios Konstantinidis,
  • Anastasios Kopanidis and
  • Qing Wang

7 September 2021

Mesoscale numerical weather prediction models usually provide information regarding environmental parameters near urban areas at a spatial resolution of the order of thousands or hundreds of meters, at best. If detailed information is required at the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,820 Views
34 Pages

10 April 2025

Understanding the influence of urban morphology on Land Surface Temperature (LST) is essential for urban planning, development, and mitigating the urban heat island effect. Leveraging high-resolution remote sensing data, this study systematically ext...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,930 Views
18 Pages

21 October 2021

Background: The causes and pathophysiological mechanisms of building-related symptoms (BRS) remain open. Objective: We aimed to investigate the association between teachers’ individual work-related symptoms and intrinsic in vitro toxicity in classroo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,164 Views
72 Pages

Decarbonizing the Building Sector: The Integrated Role of Environmental, Social, and Governance Indicators

  • Nicola Magaletti,
  • Valeria Notarnicola,
  • Mauro Di Molfetta and
  • Angelo Leogrande

7 October 2025

Climate change mitigation for the built environment has become a subject of greatest urgency, as buildings account for nearly 40% of total energy consumption and nearly one-third of total CO2 emissions. While environmental, social, and governance (ES...

  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Citations
4,577 Views
19 Pages

Relationships between Land Surface Temperatures and Neighboring Environment in Highly Urbanized Areas: Seasonal and Scale Effects Analyses of Beijing, China

  • Qingyan Meng,
  • Wenxiu Liu,
  • Linlin Zhang,
  • Mona Allam,
  • Yaxin Bi,
  • Xinli Hu,
  • Jianfeng Gao,
  • Die Hu and
  • Tamás Jancsó

1 September 2022

Urban environments have a strong influence on the land surface temperature (LST) in urban areas. Understanding the relationship between LST and urban environmental factors can help develop effective strategies to reduce high LSTs in urban areas, whic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
7,912 Views
32 Pages

Mixed-use high-rise buildings are vertical superpositions of various business types in the category of mixed-use development. It has become a highly intensive organizational form in the urban high-density environment. Under China’s “heigh...

  • Article
  • Open Access
104 Citations
22,312 Views
29 Pages

Material Efficiency of Building Construction

  • Antti Ruuska and
  • Tarja Häkkinen

1 July 2014

Better construction and use of buildings in the European Union would influence 42% of final energy consumption, about 35% of our greenhouse gas emissions and more than 50% of all extracted materials. It could also help to save up to 30% of water cons...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,146 Views
14 Pages

According to the European Green Deal, excessive carbon emissions are the origin of global warming and must be drastically reduced. Given that the building sector is one of the major sources of carbon emissions, results imperative to limit these emiss...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,558 Views
32 Pages

A Method of Multi-Criteria Assessment of the Building Energy Consumption

  • Aleksandra Stachera,
  • Adam Stolarski,
  • Mariusz Owczarek and
  • Marek Telejko

24 December 2022

The aim of this study is to develop a universal method for the unequivocal selection of the optimal combination of components determining the energy efficiency of buildings by means of an introduced global building energy consumption indicator. The b...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
6,157 Views
18 Pages

Energy Performance Database of Building Heritage in the Region of Umbria, Central Italy

  • Cinzia Buratti,
  • Francesco Asdrubali,
  • Domenico Palladino and
  • Antonella Rotili

17 July 2015

Household energy consumption has been increasing in the last decades; the residential sector is responsible for about 40% of the total final energy use in Europe. Energy efficiency measures can both reduce energy needs of buildings and energy-related...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,058 Views
20 Pages

Examining Undergraduates’ Intentions to Pursue a Science Career: A Longitudinal Study of a National Biomedical Training Initiative

  • Jayashri Srinivasan,
  • Krystle P. Cobian,
  • Hector V. Ramos,
  • Christina A. Christie,
  • Catherine M. Crespi and
  • Teresa Seeman

Disparities in the participation of individuals from historically excluded groups in science careers persist, particularly at advanced career stages. In response to this challenge, the National Institutes of Health developed the BUilding Infrastructu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
3,566 Views
25 Pages

How Is Building Sustainability Understood?—A Study of Research Papers and Sustainability Reports

  • Raine Isaksson,
  • Max Rosvall,
  • Maximilian Espuny,
  • Thais Vieira Nunhes and
  • Otávio José de Oliveira

29 September 2022

The global process of providing shelter plays an important role in sustainable development. Buildings are estimated to be responsible for up to 50% of global carbon emissions, which makes building a major issue for climate change. The common saying i...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
871 Views
15 Pages

7 July 2025

The paper is the culmination of research on geometric aspects of assessing the energy demand of a single-family house. In a recent study, two collections of single-family houses were analyzed: (a) a collection of 21 with outlines assumed a priori so...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,561 Views
16 Pages

25 June 2020

Many countries provide standards-related aid for trade (AfT) to developing countries in association with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), such as sharing their experiences and providing training or infrastructure. Regarding th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,475 Views
18 Pages

Buildingmass and Energy Demand in Conventional Housing Typologies of the Mediterranean City

  • Michele Morganti,
  • Anna Pages-Ramon,
  • Helena Coch and
  • Antonio Isalgue

27 June 2019

The causal relation among building typology and building energy demand is a complex balance of climate, morphology, technology and use. The assessment of the relation between mass of building elements and energy demand in different housing typologies...

  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
6,730 Views
20 Pages

28 August 2018

In the literature, several vulnerability/resilience indicators and indexes are based and assessed by taking into account and combining different dimensions. Housing vulnerability is one of these dimensions and is strictly related to the buildings&rsq...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
3,496 Views
27 Pages

11 February 2022

The aim of this work is to develop a model of heat supply to buildings with almost zero energy consumption, indicating the significant importance of heat losses and gains in heating installations. The prepared model is to indicate the need for change...

  • Article
  • Open Access
269 Views
19 Pages

29 December 2025

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is increasingly used to support green building design practices, yet its alignment with established green building assessment (GBA) tools remains underexamined. This study evaluates the extent to which Autodesk Rev...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,534 Views
28 Pages

19 December 2024

Studying the potential of buildings for utilizing solar radiation would be helpful to decrease the energy consumption of buildings. The solar radiation acquisition (SRA) potential of building facades can be used to characterize the building’s S...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
7,878 Views
18 Pages

16 June 2014

The way in which we plan and produce buildings today will influence our energy consumption in the future. This paper explores how the types of laundry facilities provided in owner-occupied multi-family buildings in Sweden have changed since the 1990s...

  • Review
  • Open Access
21 Citations
5,665 Views
28 Pages

The Discrepancy between As-Built and As-Designed in Energy Efficient Buildings: A Rapid Review

  • Christine Eon,
  • Jessica K. Breadsell,
  • Joshua Byrne and
  • Gregory M. Morrison

7 August 2020

Energy efficient buildings are viewed as one of the solutions to reduce carbon emissions from the built environment. However, studies worldwide indicate that there is a significant gap between building energy targets (as-designed) and the actual meas...

  • Article
  • Open Access
51 Citations
11,413 Views
17 Pages

15 February 2017

When relating to hazards such as earthquakes, a primary task of a resilience approach is to evaluate vulnerability in an integrative manner by taking into account the most relevant indicators. Focused on Iasi, one of the major Romanian cities which a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
227 Citations
25,478 Views
14 Pages

Building Sustainability Assessment

  • Luís Bragança,
  • Ricardo Mateus and
  • Heli Koukkari

5 July 2010

Although social, economic, and cultural indicators are of substantial importance to the concept of sustainable building, this concept is usually related to environmental characteristics. Any building level assessment method is complex and involves co...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
4,555 Views
24 Pages

Assessing the Transformability of Public Housing through BIM

  • Giovanna Acampa,
  • Lorenzo Diana,
  • Giorgia Marino and
  • Rossella Marmo

12 May 2021

Public residential buildings make a large portion of the European existing stock and they quite often require deep renovation interventions. A methodology for setting priorities and targeting regeneration investments should be defined relying on the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,865 Views
20 Pages

22 November 2020

This research analyses the relation between building and housing attributes and energy consumption and CO2 emissions, considering the spatial dependence present on the Spanish residential market and the different climatic areas. The paper uses a hedo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,437 Views
23 Pages

19 October 2020

This article addresses issues related to the quality of design and subsequent management of multi-family residential buildings in the context of their energy supply. The framework of the analysis carried out here are pro-environmental legal regulatio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,993 Views
16 Pages

Are Green Buildings an Indicator of Sustainable Development?

  • Antonio Marotta,
  • César Porras-Amores and
  • Antonio Rodríguez Sánchez

26 February 2023

The world’s population keeps growing together with the construction rate of buildings that need to reduce their environmental footprint in order to mitigate global warming. This paper analyses if the spread of green buildings can be used as an...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
10,463 Views
16 Pages

7 June 2021

Construction is a crucial sector in terms of worldwide environmental impacts. Building material production along with transport and demolition are no exception, because in the last decades, they have constantly increased their carbon dioxide (CO2) em...

  • Review
  • Open Access
38 Citations
8,542 Views
42 Pages

12 January 2022

Due to negative environmental impacts caused by the building industry, sustainable buildings have recently become one of the most investigated fields in research. As the design technique itself is mainly responsible for building performance, building...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,965 Views
28 Pages

Determination of Solar-Surface-Area-to-Volume Ratio: Early Design Stage Solar Performance Assessment of Buildings

  • Roman Hajtmanek,
  • Peter Morgenstein,
  • Tomáš Hubinský,
  • Ján Legény and
  • Robert Špaček

19 January 2023

One of the main targets of globally aimed strategies such as the UN-supported Race to Zero campaign or the European Green Deal is the decarbonisation of the building sector. The implementation of renewable energy sources in new urban structures, as w...

  • Article
  • Open Access
96 Citations
10,559 Views
21 Pages

Economic-Environmental Indicators to Support Investment Decisions: A Focus on the Buildings’ End-of-Life Stage

  • Elena Fregonara,
  • Roberto Giordano,
  • Diego Giuseppe Ferrando and
  • Sara Pattono

The aim of this paper is to propose a methodology for supporting decision making in design activities; in case of new projects or retrofitting of existing buildings. A multidisciplinary approach is adopted; involving Real Estate Appraisal and Economi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
28 Citations
8,148 Views
20 Pages

Model-Based Comparative Evaluation of Building and District Control-Oriented Energy Retrofit Scenarios

  • Luciano De Tommasi,
  • Hassan Ridouane,
  • Georgios Giannakis,
  • Kyriakos Katsigarakis,
  • Georgios N Lilis and
  • Dimitrios Rovas

This paper presents work undertaken as part of the European H2020 project OptEEmAL (Optimized Energy Efficient Design Platform for Refurbishment at District Level), toward development of a decision-support platform for building and district refurbish...

  • Article
  • Open Access
837 Views
26 Pages

13 November 2025

This study establishes a structured framework to identify and evaluate risk factors that may hinder the achievement of sustainable development goals in green buildings and sustainable infrastructure projects. Fifty-six risk factors are identified and...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
11 Citations
5,025 Views
23 Pages

13 January 2019

Fluctuations in residential building activity are becoming progressively more intense over time and space in advanced economies and especially in Europe, fueling real estate market segmentation and making the performance of the construction industry...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
5,980 Views
27 Pages

20 July 2021

In this study, we use the data of Polish typical meteorological years and 15 transposition models to obtain global solar irradiance on sloped surfaces to calculate solar irradiance on external building partitions, solar gains, heating demands, and pr...

  • Review
  • Open Access
119 Citations
15,701 Views
25 Pages

21 December 2019

Increasing problems regarding pollution and climate change have long been demonstrated by scientific evidence. An important portion of carbon emissions are produced by the building sector. These emissions are directly related not only to the building...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,867 Views
13 Pages

28 October 2017

The built environment with respect to building envelope designs and the surrounding micro-environment significantly affects building energy use. The influence of the inter-building effect (IBE) on building energy use cannot be ignored and thermal pro...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,466 Views
20 Pages

22 November 2022

Architectural construction is responsible for the consumption of large amounts of resources, so the optimization of architectural design and evaluation is significant for sustainable global development. Most architectural assessments focus on energy...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,414 Views
37 Pages

With industrial upgrading and increasingly diversified urban functions in small and medium-sized cities in China, the demand for convention and exhibition buildings has been steadily rising. However, current research mainly focuses on the planning an...

  • Article
  • Open Access
48 Citations
7,051 Views
14 Pages

Reversibility and Durability as Potential Indicators for Circular Building Technologies

  • Ernesto Antonini,
  • Andrea Boeri,
  • Massimo Lauria and
  • Francesca Giglio

16 September 2020

According to the Circularity Gap Report 2020, a mere 8.6% of the global economy was

circular in 2019. The Global Status Report 2018 declares that building construction and operations

accounted for 36% of global final energy use and 39% of energy–...

of 38