Background: Influenza virus infection predisposes to secondary bacterial pneumonia. Currently licensed influenza vaccines aim at the induction of neutralizing antibodies and are less effective if the induction of neutralizing antibodies is low and/or...
Viral pneumonia is frequently complicated by bacterial co- or superinfection (c/s) with adverse effects on patients’ outcomes. However, the incidence of c/s and its impact on the outcomes of patients might be dependent on the type of viral pneu...
27 February 2023
We aimed to determine the prevalence of bacterial coinfection (CoBact) and bacterial superinfection (SuperBact), the causative pathogens, the initial antibiotic-prescribing practice, and the associated clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients with...
This study systematically reviewed fungal–bacterial co-infections and super-infections among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. A PRISMA systematic search was conducted. On September 2022, Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, PsychINFO, Wiley Online L...
Background: The range of reported rates of bacterial and fungal superinfections in patients with a severe course of COVID-19 is wide, suggesting a lack of standardised reporting. Methods: The rates of bacterial and fungal superinfection were assessed...
Epidemiologic studies have established that mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) outbreaks worldwide in 2022–2023, due to Clade IIb mpox virus (MPXV), disproportionately affected gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. More than 35% a...
Background: In the period following the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic, more evidence became available on the epidemiology of bacterial co-/superinfections (bCSs) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Various European therapeutic guidelines were p...
The use of immune suppressive drugs combined with the natural immune suppression caused by SARS-CoV-2 can lead to a surge of secondary bacterial and fungal infections. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of superinfections in hospital...
Background: Bacterial and fungal co-infections and superinfections have a critical role in the outcome of the COVID-19 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Methods: The present study is a retrospective analysis of 95 patients admitted...
Presepsin, a cleaved peptide of soluble CD14, may become a promising biomarker for assessing disease severity and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Patients with severe COVID-19 frequently develop bacterial and fungal superinfections,...
Background and Objectives: Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a highly variable disease able to present as structurally diverse cysts in different organs based on the host’s immunological state as well as the time between diagnosis and the primary...
Background/Objectives: The clinical forms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vary widely in severity, ranging from asymptomatic or moderate cases to severe pneumonia that can lead to acute respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome,...
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of bacterial infections and antimicrobial prescriptions in a large cohort of COVID-19 patients and to identify the independent predictors of infection and antibiotic prescription. Metho...
Despite the low rates of bacterial co-/superinfections in COVID-19 patients, antimicrobial drug use has been liberal since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the low specificity of markers of bacterial co-/superinfection in the COVID-19 setti...
In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the global healthcare landscape has undergone significant transformations, particularly impacting the management of complex medical conditions such as aortic aneurysms. This study focuses on a 76-year-old fema...
The demographics and outcomes of ICU patients admitted for a COVID-19 infection have been characterized in extensive reports, but little is known about antimicrobial stewardship for these patients. We designed this retrospective, observational study...
Background and Objectives: Bacterial infections amongst COVID-19 patients could be associated with worsened outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of colistin antibiotic in multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative (-ve) secondary bacte...
The issue of bacterial infections in COVID-19 patients has received increasing attention. Scant data are available on the impact of bacterial superinfection and antibiotic administration on the outcome of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. We conducted...
Background and Objectives: Secondary bacterial pneumonia can substantially worsen the clinical trajectory of patients hospitalized for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to characterize bacterial superinfections in COVID-19, includ...
Background: The aim of this study was to assess whether procalcitonin levels is a diagnostic tool capable of accurately identifying sepsis and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) even in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Methods: In this retrospect...
Influenza can lead to or coexist with severe bacterial pneumonia, with the potential to permanently damage lung tissue, refractory to conservative treatment in the post-COVID-19 period. It can lead to serious complications; therefore, annual vaccinat...
Background: Superinfections contribute to mortality and length of stay in critically ill COVID-19 patients. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and pathogen distribution of bacterial and fungal superinfections of the lower respirator...
Influenza virus is among the most common causes of respiratory illness worldwide and can be complicated by secondary bacterial pneumonia, a frequent cause of mortality. When influenza virus infects the lung, the innate immune response is activated, a...
Background: The role of bacterial co-infection and superinfection among critically ill COVID-19 patients remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the rates and characteristics of pulmonary infections, and associated outcomes of ventilated...
The impact of bacterial pneumonia on patients with COVID-19 infection remains unclear. This prospective observational monocentric cohort study aims to determine the incidence of bacterial community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia (CAP and HAP) and i...
With the aim of describing the burden and epidemiology of community-acquired/healthcare-associated and hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (CA/HCA-BSIs and HA-BSIs) in patients hospitalised with COVID-19, and evaluating the risk factors for BSIs...
Neurological symptoms are increasingly recognized in SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals. However, the neuropathogenesis remains unclear and it is not possible to define a specific damage pattern due to brain virus infection. In the present study, 33 cas...
Context/Objectives: In patients with COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection represents an overlap of viral injury on a lung already affected by pathological mucus, altered...
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified concerns over bacterial infections and antimicrobial resistance, particularly in Romania. This systematic review explores bacterial infection patterns and resistance during the pandemic to address cri...
Adiponectin is primarily known for its protective role in metabolic diseases, and it also possesses immunoregulatory properties. Elevated levels of adiponectin have been observed in various inflammatory diseases. However, studies investigating adipon...
A severe course of acute respiratory disease caused by influenza A virus (IAV) infection is often linked with subsequent bacterial superinfection, which is difficult to cure. Thus, synergistic influenza–bacterial co-infection represents a serio...
During November to December 2020, a high rate of COVID-19-associated pneumonia with bacterial superinfections due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens was recorded in a COVID-19 hospital in Zagreb. This study analyzed the causative agents of bacter...
Patients with viral illness are at higher risk of secondary infections—whether bacterial, viral, or parasitic—that usually lead to a worse prognosis. In the setting of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), the Severe Acute Respiratory Syn...
Background: Bacterial superinfections are common complications during viral infections, but the impact of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens in critically ill patients affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still debated. Methods: This i...
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic might have increased the risks of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs); however, several studies of HAI such as urinary tract infections (UTIs) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) have shown contradict...
Prophages can alter their bacterial hosts to prevent other phages from infecting the same cell, a mechanism known as superinfection exclusion (SIE). Such alterations are facilitated by phage interactions with critical bacterial components involved in...
The worldwide coronavirus pandemic has been one of the most significant health crisis threats in recent years. COVID-19 has not been the only cause of mortality in this pandemic. A dangerous but frequent complication of viral infections is secondary...
Background: Neurocysticercosis is a parasitic infection of the central nervous system caused by the larval stage of Taenia solium. This disease is endemic in some countries in Central and South America, South and South-East Asia, and sub-Saharan Afri...
Bacterial and fungal superinfections are common in COVID-19, and early diagnosis can enable timely intervention. Serum calprotectin levels increase with bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. This study evaluated serum calprotectin as a diagnostic...
Background: Pneumonia is one of the most common infectious diseases, mostly caused by viruses or bacteria. In response to bacteria or viruses which are different but which also are partly overlapping, innate and adaptive immune responses are induced,...
Mid-regional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) protects against endothelial permeability and has been associated with prognosis in bacterial sepsis. As endothelial dysfunction is central in the pathophysiology of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, we sought to...
Introduction: Adjunctive therapy with polyclonal intravenous immunoglobins (IVIg) is currently used for preventing or managing infections and sepsis, especially in immunocompromised patients. The pathobiology of COVID-19 and the mechanisms of action...
The global spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has infected humans in all age groups, deteriorated host immune responses, and caused millions of deaths. The reason...
Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) is a common bacterial co-infection in patients with respiratory viral infections, including influenza and SARS-CoV-2, and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, the mechanisms underlying the seve...
Influenza virus infections pre-dispose an individual to secondary pneumococcal infections, which represent a serious public health concern. Matching influenza vaccination was demonstrated helpful in preventing postinfluenza bacterial infections and a...
Data on bacterial or fungal pathogens and their impact on the mortality rates of Western Romanian COVID-19 patients are scarce. As a result, the purpose of this research was to determine the prevalence of bacterial and fungal co- and superinfections...
Human beings are exposed to microorganisms every day. Among those, diverse commensals and potential pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) compose a significant part of the respiratory tract microbiota. Remarkably, bacterial colonizati...
The expanding knowledge on the systemic influence of the human microbiome suggests that fecal samples are underexploited sources of new beneficial strains for extra-intestinal health. We have recently shown that acetate, a main circulating microbiota...
The multiplex PCR is a powerful and efficient tool that was widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 infections and that has applications for bacterial identification, as well as determining bacterial resistance to antibiotics....
Disease tolerance has emerged as an alternative way, in addition to host resistance, to survive viral-bacterial co-infections. Disease tolerance plays an important role not in reducing pathogen burden, but in maintaining tissue integrity and controll...
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