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Keywords = anti-misalignment

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21 pages, 1971 KiB  
Review
Etiology of Delayed Lactogenesis in Obesity
by Gema Gomez-Casado, Natalia Saldaña-Garcia, Ernesto Gonzalez-Mesa and Almudena Ortega-Gomez
Biomedicines 2025, 13(8), 1848; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13081848 - 30 Jul 2025
Viewed by 222
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial condition that influences metabolic, endocrine, inflammatory, circadian, and behavioral systems. These disruptions can adversely affect the initiation of lactogenesis II—the critical process marking the onset of copious milk secretion following childbirth. In mothers with obesity, prolonged inflammation within the [...] Read more.
Obesity is a multifactorial condition that influences metabolic, endocrine, inflammatory, circadian, and behavioral systems. These disruptions can adversely affect the initiation of lactogenesis II—the critical process marking the onset of copious milk secretion following childbirth. In mothers with obesity, prolonged inflammation within the mammary gland, a blunted hormonal response (notably of prolactin), altered progesterone and estrogen dynamics, high leptin levels, and misaligned circadian rhythms contribute significantly to delayed lactogenesis. In addition, mechanical difficulties and psychological factors further hinder effective breastfeeding. This report synthesizes evidence from human epidemiological studies and animal models that elucidate the diverse mechanisms linking maternal obesity to delayed lactogenesis. We review the role of obesity-associated inflammatory mediators in impairing mammary tissue remodeling, the endocrine aberrations that impair lactogenic signaling, the consequences of circadian disruption on hormonal rhythmicity, and the behavioral influences that challenge effective breastfeeding. Finally, we discuss the clinical implications of these findings and propose future research directions targeting endocrine modulation, anti-inflammatory therapy, circadian interventions, and enhanced lactation support strategies for mothers with obesity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research in Obesity, 2nd Edition)
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15 pages, 5889 KiB  
Article
A Strong Misalignment Tolerance Wireless Power Transfer System for AUVs with Hybrid Magnetic Coupler
by Haibing Wen, Xiaolong Zhou, Yu Wang, Zhengchao Yan, Kehan Zhang, Jie Wen, Lei Yang, Yaopeng Zhao, Yang Liu and Xiangqian Tong
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(8), 1423; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13081423 - 25 Jul 2025
Viewed by 187
Abstract
Wireless power transfer systems require not only strong coupling capabilities but also stable output under various misalignment conditions. This paper proposes a hybrid magnetic coupler for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), featuring two identical arc-shaped rectangular transmitting coils and a combination of an arc-shaped [...] Read more.
Wireless power transfer systems require not only strong coupling capabilities but also stable output under various misalignment conditions. This paper proposes a hybrid magnetic coupler for autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), featuring two identical arc-shaped rectangular transmitting coils and a combination of an arc-shaped rectangular receiving coil and two anti-series connected solenoid coils. The arc-shaped rectangular receiving coil captures the magnetic flux generated by the transmitting coil, which is directed toward the center, while the solenoid coils capture the axial magnetic flux generated by the transmitting coil. The parameters of the proposed magnetic coupler have been optimized to enhance the coupling coefficient and improve the system’s tolerance to misalignments. To verify the feasibility of the proposed magnetic coupler, a 300 W prototype with LCC-S compensation topology is built. Within a 360° rotational misalignment range, the system’s output power maintains around 300 W, with a stable power transmission efficiency of over 92.14%. When axial misalignment of 40 mm occurs, the minimum output power is 282.8 W, and the minimum power transmission efficiency is 91.6%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
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31 pages, 14906 KiB  
Article
Simulation Analysis and Experimental Verification of the Transport Characteristics of a High-Volume CubeSat Storage Device
by Yong Zhao, Yuhao Zhang, Zeming Zhao, Chenyuan Li, Lili Zhang, Xiaoze Yang, Honghao Yue, Caiting He, Jianlei Zhu, Ye erken Halishi, Youle Wu, Guicheng Xing and Milamujiang Kezierbieke
Aerospace 2025, 12(6), 466; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace12060466 - 25 May 2025
Viewed by 504
Abstract
To enhance the efficiency and extent of space resource development and utilization, this paper proposes a device designed for large-scale storage and transport of multi-species CubeSats, characterized by its high storage density and efficient transport capabilities. This paper comprehensively describes the structural composition [...] Read more.
To enhance the efficiency and extent of space resource development and utilization, this paper proposes a device designed for large-scale storage and transport of multi-species CubeSats, characterized by its high storage density and efficient transport capabilities. This paper comprehensively describes the structural composition and operational principles of this storage and transport system. Using dynamic simulation analysis, this paper studies the deployment mechanism of CubeSats within the push device and identifies the movement rules of the CubeSats during the deployment process. Simulation results show that under microgravity conditions, the average linear displacement speed of CubeSats reaches 32.8 mm/s during the pushing process. A prototype of the storage device was developed and tested for scenarios where the CubeSat’s initial position is aligned or misaligned relative to the transport pallet. The test results demonstrate that when the CubeSat’s initial attitude is misaligned, its pose can be autonomously adjusted to an ideal state upon entering the capture slide, with a maximum deviation of less than one degree. The designed push device and transport pallet exhibit robust anti-interference and tolerance capabilities. The transport process after pushing was tested, and the CubeSat pushed into the transport pallet was able to be stably transported to the designated location. In this process, the movement of the transport pallet was not interfered with by the storage device. The pushing device can complete the pushing task well. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Small Satellite Missions)
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16 pages, 6603 KiB  
Article
Three-Phase High Power Underwater Capacitive Wireless Power Transfer System for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
by Lei Yang, Liye Tian, Xinze Chen, Zhixue Bu, Dengrui Xing, Aimin Zhang and Xiangqian Tong
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(5), 989; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13050989 - 20 May 2025
Viewed by 491
Abstract
This paper proposes a 1000 W high-frequency three-phase power inversion underwater capacitive wireless power transfer (UCWPT) system for power delivery to autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). The multi-phase coupling structure is designed as a columnar configuration that conforms to the shape of AUVs. This [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a 1000 W high-frequency three-phase power inversion underwater capacitive wireless power transfer (UCWPT) system for power delivery to autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). The multi-phase coupling structure is designed as a columnar configuration that conforms to the shape of AUVs. This paper innovatively presents a curved coupling coupler composed of six metal plates. This design significantly enhances the mutual capacitance of the coupling structure and the power transfer capacity of the UCWPT system. Utilizing the columnar structure, the receiver of the capacitive wireless power transfer system can be easily integrated into AUVs, reducing the installation space. Furthermore, the cylindrical dock-transmitter terminal structure of the system greatly improves the anti-misalignment capability. This addresses issues such as charging voltage and current fluctuations caused by vehicle rolling in dynamic ocean environments. Additionally, the wireless power transfer capacity is notably enhanced. An experimental platform was constructed, and tests were conducted in both air and water media. A 1000 W experimental setup was developed to validate the theoretical analysis and simulations. The experimental results align closely with the theoretical predictions. At a fixed distance of 3 cm between transmitter and receiver, peak power transfer efficiencies of 80% in air and 74% in water were achieved with stable operational performance. The cylindrical structure demonstrates robust anti-misalignment properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Marine Energy)
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17 pages, 1991 KiB  
Article
Liposomal Lactoferrin Reduces Brain Neuroinflammation in Rats and Alleviates Jetlag and Improves Sleep Quality After Long-Haul Travel
by Shoko Uesaki, Masanori Yamato, Atsushi Ishikado, Yutaka Suekawa, Yasuhisa Tamura and Yosky Kataoka
NeuroSci 2025, 6(1), 19; https://doi.org/10.3390/neurosci6010019 - 1 Mar 2025
Viewed by 1513
Abstract
Insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment increase inflammatory agents. This triggers neuroinflammation and can result in health issues including depression, dementia, lifestyle-related diseases, and industrial accidents. Lactoferrin (LF) confers neuroprotective effects, which are derived from its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and iron metabolic properties; however, its [...] Read more.
Insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment increase inflammatory agents. This triggers neuroinflammation and can result in health issues including depression, dementia, lifestyle-related diseases, and industrial accidents. Lactoferrin (LF) confers neuroprotective effects, which are derived from its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and iron metabolic properties; however, its roles in acute neuroinflammation and circadian rhythm disruption are yet to be elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to test the effects of LF on rat neuroinflammation and sleep and jetlag in humans. Rats received 7 days of an oral liposomal bovine LF (L-bLF) or vehicle followed by polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid (poly I:C) peritoneal injections (n = 5–6). Compared with the rats given poly I:C only, the rats given L-bLF and poly I:C had lower Il1b, Tnf, Casp1, Nfe212, Gclm, and Sod2 expression in the hippocampus. This open-label pilot study was carried out on tour conductors performing regular international tour responsibilities, and the data were compared between the initial tour without L-bLF intake and the subsequent tour with L-bLF intake. In the tour with L-bLF intake, L-bLF administration started from one week before the trip and was continued during the trip. In both periods, the tour conductors experienced limited sleep; however, both subjective and objective sleep quality was significantly better with the oral L-bLF intake than without. Overall, we found that prophylactic L-bLF supplementation reduced neuroinflammation in rat hippocampi and improved sleep quality and jetlag in tour conductors. Full article
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34 pages, 11842 KiB  
Review
Critical Review of Wireless Charging Technologies for Electric Vehicles
by Zhiwei Xue, Wei Liu, Chang Liu and K. T. Chau
World Electr. Veh. J. 2025, 16(2), 65; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj16020065 - 22 Jan 2025
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 7780
Abstract
As the world transitions towards sustainable transportation, the advancement of electric vehicles (EVs) has become imperative. Wireless power transfer (WPT) technology presents a promising solution to enhance the convenience and efficiency of EV charging while alleviating the challenges associated with traditional wired systems. [...] Read more.
As the world transitions towards sustainable transportation, the advancement of electric vehicles (EVs) has become imperative. Wireless power transfer (WPT) technology presents a promising solution to enhance the convenience and efficiency of EV charging while alleviating the challenges associated with traditional wired systems. This paper conducts an in-depth exploration of WPT technologies for EVs, focusing on their theoretical foundations, practical implementation, optimization strategies, development trends, and limitations. The theoretical principles of wireless charging are first elucidated, categorizing them into near-field methods, such as inductive and capacitive charging, and far-field methods, including microwave and laser-based charging. A comparative analysis reveals the advantages and limitations inherent to each technology. The implementation section examines various charging strategies, encompassing stationary, dynamic, and quasi-dynamic wireless charging, assessing their feasibility and effectiveness in practical applications. Furthermore, optimization techniques aimed at enhancing WPT system performance are examined in depth, with particular emphasis on coil structure optimizations, anti-misalignment solutions, compensation topology optimizations, modulation strategy optimizations, and parameter identifications. The discussion section outlines current development trends in wireless charging technologies for EVs, highlighting the limitations that hinder the widespread adoption of wireless charging technologies in the EV market. Finally, potential research directions and the implications of wireless charging technology on the development of EVs are summarized. This critical review aims to provide valuable insights for researchers and practitioners dedicated to advancing the field of wireless charging for EVs. Full article
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23 pages, 820 KiB  
Article
Navigating and Overcoming Barriers to Digital Energy Transition for Carbon Neutrality in China
by Shuao Sun and Sheeraz Ahmed
Energies 2024, 17(23), 5888; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17235888 - 23 Nov 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1401
Abstract
As China strives for carbon neutrality, the transition to digital energy systems presents both significant opportunities and formidable challenges. This study investigates the key barriers hindering this transition and the urgent need for effective strategies to address them, raising the critical research question: [...] Read more.
As China strives for carbon neutrality, the transition to digital energy systems presents both significant opportunities and formidable challenges. This study investigates the key barriers hindering this transition and the urgent need for effective strategies to address them, raising the critical research question: What are the main obstacles to digital energy adoption in China, and how can these challenges be overcome? In this study, the fuzzy AHP method has been utilized to prioritize barriers and fuzzy WASPAS to evaluate the strategies. Using fuzzy AHP, we found that stakeholder and governance barriers are the most critical, emphasizing issues like misalignment among stakeholders and governance challenges. Following this, financial constraints and technological limitations emerged as other significant barriers, highlighting the need for improved financing mechanisms and robust infrastructure. Through fuzzy WASPAS analysis, the top strategies identified are enhancing public awareness and capacity-building programs, strengthening governance and anti-corruption measures, and increasing investment in green finance. The results emphasize the importance of tackling governance and financial issues alongside technological advancements. Policy implications and recommendations are provided to guide China’s digital energy transition, with suggestions for future research focused on broader regional comparisons and the integration of emerging technologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Markets and Energy Economy)
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20 pages, 8715 KiB  
Article
A New Magnetic Coupler with High Misalignment Tolerance and Inherent Constant Current–Constant Voltage for Underground Wireless Charging
by Kai Yan, Ruirong Dang, Xudong Feng and Wenzhen Wang
Energies 2024, 17(20), 5130; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17205130 - 15 Oct 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 995
Abstract
In an underground inductive power transfer (IPT), it is inevitable to produce the phenomenon of misalignment between the transmitter and the receiver, which will reduce the output current, voltage and output efficiency of the whole IPT system. Aiming to solve this problem, a [...] Read more.
In an underground inductive power transfer (IPT), it is inevitable to produce the phenomenon of misalignment between the transmitter and the receiver, which will reduce the output current, voltage and output efficiency of the whole IPT system. Aiming to solve this problem, a universal hybrid coupler is proposed, which can still stabilize the output in the expected range and has the ability of anti-misalignment when the X and Z directions are misaligned. The coupler is composed of a BP coupler and Γ type network. The secondary edge of the coupler introduces a Γ network, which decouples the two main coils on the same side of the receiver from the auxiliary coil and reduces the complexity of the system. The coupler can effectively reduce the coupling fluctuation caused by physical movement between the downhole transmitting end and the receiving end, thereby ensuring the stable output of the coupler. As a widely used IPT system, it can access the rest of the circuit topology whose output is independent of the load and achieve misalignment-tolerant output. Finally, based on the proposed hybrid IPT coupler theory, a 500 W misalignment-tolerant coupler prototype was built, and the compensation topologies were configured as series–series (SS) and series/inductance/capacitance/capacitor (S/LCC) structures. When the X and Z direction is misaligned, the constant current and voltage independent of the load can be output by switching the compensation topology. The experimental results are the same as the theoretical analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section F1: Electrical Power System)
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27 pages, 5400 KiB  
Article
Lithology Identification Based on Improved Faster R-CNN
by Peng Fu and Jiyang Wang
Minerals 2024, 14(9), 954; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14090954 - 21 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1540
Abstract
In the mining industry, lithological identification is crucial for ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel, as well as for improving production efficiency. Traditional ore identification methods, such as visual inspection, physical testing, and chemical analysis, have many limitations in terms of their [...] Read more.
In the mining industry, lithological identification is crucial for ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel, as well as for improving production efficiency. Traditional ore identification methods, such as visual inspection, physical testing, and chemical analysis, have many limitations in terms of their operational complexity and applicability. Modern ore identification technologies, especially those combined with deep learning methods, can effectively overcome these shortcomings and significantly enhance identification performance. However, mainstream deep learning object detection algorithms still face the issues of low accuracy and poor identification performance in challenging mining conditions. To handle these problems, an improved Faster R-CNN model is proposed in this study. Specifically, we replace the backbone network ResNet with Res2Net-50 and incorporate an improved Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) to enhance feature fusion, thereby further improving the model’s feature extraction capability. Region of Interest(ROI) Align replaces the ROI pooling layer to solve the spatial misalignment issue, providing a higher detection accuracy in tasks involving small object detection and precise boundary detection. Additionally, the backbone feature extraction network integrates an efficient channel attention (ECA) module to optimize high-resolution semantic information maps. By adding simulated noise, the model’s robustness and anti-interference capabilities are enhanced. Soft-NMS is used instead of traditional NMS, preserving more potential targets through a confidence decay mechanism, thereby improving the detection accuracy and robustness. The experimental results show that the improved Faster R-CNN model maintains efficient and accurate ore identification capabilities even in complex mining environments, demonstrating its great potential in practical applications. The model achieves significant improvements in detection accuracy and efficiency, providing strong support for the intelligent and automated identification of ores. Full article
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20 pages, 12530 KiB  
Article
Research on Calculation and Optimization Methods for Tooth Flash Temperature and Meshing Power Loss of the Gear System in Drum Shearer
by Bo Bai, Run Mao, Wenchao Guo and Shimin Mao
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(12), 5222; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14125222 - 16 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1290
Abstract
The operating conditions of the drum shearer are very complex, and its ranging arm gear system often suffers from gear scuffing and wear. Gear scuffing is caused by the adhesive wear, which is due to the instantaneous friction and flash temperature of the [...] Read more.
The operating conditions of the drum shearer are very complex, and its ranging arm gear system often suffers from gear scuffing and wear. Gear scuffing is caused by the adhesive wear, which is due to the instantaneous friction and flash temperature of the tooth surface, and the gear meshing power loss is also caused by tooth surface friction. In order to resist tooth scuffing and improve meshing efficiency of the transmission system, an improved semi-analytical tooth surface flash temperature calculation method was used. The tooth flash temperature status under various working conditions were analyzed in detail. Based on the mechanical model of the shearer drum picks, the load condition of the drum was analyzed. Under these load and boundary conditions, the misalignments of each gear pair in the ranging arm were calculated. The tooth surface load distribution was calculated under the gear misalignments, and then the theoretical tooth surface flash temperature and meshing power loss were determined. Next, the tooth micro-geometry was modified to reduce flash temperature and meshing power loss. The flash temperature distribution pattern of the optimized tooth surface was studied under various working conditions, and the meshing power loss was also obtained. Finally, experiments were conducted to verify the effects of the optimized tooth surface on the friction temperature rise and the effectiveness of the modification method. Tooth surface optimization aimed at reducing tooth surface flash temperature can also effectively reduce meshing power loss, which has a significant effect on gear anti-scuffing and energy saving. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Research on the Mechanical Wear of Gear-Shaped Parts)
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33 pages, 30386 KiB  
Article
Deformation Patterns and Failure Mechanisms of Soft-Hard-Interbedded Anti-Inclined Layered Rock Slope in Wolong Open-Pit Coal Mine
by Guohong Chen, Peng Cai, Jiewei Zhan, Yueqiao Yang, Zhaowei Yao and Zhaoyue Yu
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 3082; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14073082 - 6 Apr 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1381
Abstract
Since the beginning of spring 2022, successive landslides have occurred in the eastern pit slope of the Wolong Coal Mine in Qipanjing Town, Otog Banner, Inner Mongolia, which has adversely affected the mine’s production safety. This study aims to reveal the deformation patterns [...] Read more.
Since the beginning of spring 2022, successive landslides have occurred in the eastern pit slope of the Wolong Coal Mine in Qipanjing Town, Otog Banner, Inner Mongolia, which has adversely affected the mine’s production safety. This study aims to reveal the deformation patterns and failure mechanisms of landslides. Firstly, this study establishes the stratigraphic structure of the eastern pit slope of the Wolong Coal Mine using extensive field geological surveys combined with unmanned aerial vehicle photography, drilling, and comprehensive physical exploration techniques. Indoor geotechnical tests and microscopic experiments reveal that rock mass typically exhibits the characteristics of expansibility and water sensitivity. Moreover, the mechanical parameters of the rock mass were determined using a combination of the window sampling method, the Geological Strength Index, and the Hoek–Brown strength criterion estimation theory. Finally, this study consolidates the previously mentioned insights and employs FLAC3D (7.0) software to assess the stress–strain characteristics of the excavated slope. The results indicate that the deformation mode of the Wolong open pit coal mine is the toppling failure of soft-hard-interbedded anti-inclined layered rock slopes. The unloading effect and rock expansion-induced softening lead to stress concentration at the slope corners and more substantial deformation, thereby accelerating upper slope deformation. The deformation and destabilization process of landslides is categorized into four stages: the initial deformation stage, the development stage of lateral shear misalignment, the development stage of horizontal tensile-shear damage, and the slip surface development to the preslip stage. This research offers valuable references and engineering insights for future scientific investigations and the prevention of similar slope-related geological hazards. Full article
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19 pages, 9753 KiB  
Article
Design and Parameter Optimization of Double-Mosquito Combination Coils for Enhanced Anti-Misalignment Capability in Inductive Wireless Power Transfer Systems
by Wencong Huang, Jinying Huang, Ying Hu, Yuqiao Zhu and Yufang Chang
Electronics 2024, 13(5), 838; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13050838 - 21 Feb 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1398
Abstract
This paper proposes a novel double-mosquito combination (DMC) coil for inductive wireless power transfer (IPT) systems to improve their anti-misalignment capability. The DMC coil consists of a mosquito coil with single-turn spacing and a tightly wound close-wound coil. By superimposing the magnetic fields [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a novel double-mosquito combination (DMC) coil for inductive wireless power transfer (IPT) systems to improve their anti-misalignment capability. The DMC coil consists of a mosquito coil with single-turn spacing and a tightly wound close-wound coil. By superimposing the magnetic fields generated by both coils, a relatively uniform magnetic field distribution is achieved on the receiving coil plane. This approach addresses the challenges of significant output voltage fluctuations and reduced transmission efficiencies caused by coupling coil misalignments in conventional IPT systems. To further optimize the DMC coil, an interaction law between its parameters and the mutual inductance is established, setting the coil mutual inductance fluctuation rate as the optimization objective, and using the coil turn spacing, number of turns, and outer diameter as constraint conditions. The beetle antennae search algorithm (BAS) is employed to enhance the whale optimization algorithm (WOA), facilitating the adaptive optimization of the coil parameters. An experimental IPT system platform with a 50 mm transmission distance is developed to validate the robust anti-misalignment capability of the proposed coil. The results demonstrate that within a horizontal misalignment range of 50 mm, the system’s output voltage fluctuation rate stays below 7.4%, and the transmission efficiency remains above 83%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Power Electronics)
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22 pages, 5843 KiB  
Article
PSMOT: Online Occlusion-Aware Multi-Object Tracking Exploiting Position Sensitivity
by Ranyang Zhao, Xinyan Zhang and Jianwei Zhang
Sensors 2024, 24(4), 1199; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24041199 - 12 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2131
Abstract
Models based on joint detection and re-identification (ReID), which significantly increase the efficiency of online multi-object tracking (MOT) systems, are an evolution from separate detection and ReID models in the tracking-by-detection (TBD) paradigm. It is observed that these joint models are typically one-stage, [...] Read more.
Models based on joint detection and re-identification (ReID), which significantly increase the efficiency of online multi-object tracking (MOT) systems, are an evolution from separate detection and ReID models in the tracking-by-detection (TBD) paradigm. It is observed that these joint models are typically one-stage, while the two-stage models become obsolete because of their slow speed and low efficiency. However, the two-stage models have naive advantages over the one-stage anchor-based and anchor-free models in handling feature misalignment and occlusion, which suggests that the two-stage models, via meticulous design, could be on par with the state-of-the-art one-stage models. Following this intuition, we propose a robust and efficient two-stage joint model based on R–FCN, whose backbone and neck are fully convolutional, and the RoI-wise process only involves simple calculations. In the first stage, an adaptive sparse anchoring scheme is utilized to produce adequate, high-quality proposals to improve efficiency. To boost both detection and ReID, two key elements—feature aggregation and feature disentanglement—are taken into account. To improve robustness against occlusion, the position-sensitivity is exploited, first to estimate occlusion and then to direct the post-process for anti-occlusion. Finally, we link the model to a hierarchical association algorithm to form a complete MOT system called PSMOT. Compared to other cutting-edge systems, PSMOT achieves competitive performance while maintaining time efficiency. Full article
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19 pages, 3760 KiB  
Article
Cardiometabolic Changes in Sirtuin1-Heterozygous Mice on High-Fat Diet and Melatonin Supplementation
by Gaia Favero, Igor Golic, Francesca Arnaboldi, Annalisa Cappella, Aleksandra Korac, Maria Monsalve, Alessandra Stacchiotti and Rita Rezzani
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(2), 860; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25020860 - 10 Jan 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2531
Abstract
A hypercaloric fatty diet predisposes an individual to metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular complications. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) belongs to the class III histone deacetylase family and sustains anabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, and fat distribution. Epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) is involved in inflammation, whilst interscapular brown [...] Read more.
A hypercaloric fatty diet predisposes an individual to metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular complications. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) belongs to the class III histone deacetylase family and sustains anabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, and fat distribution. Epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) is involved in inflammation, whilst interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) drives metabolism in obese rodents. Melatonin, a pineal indoleamine, acting as a SIRT1 modulator, may alleviate cardiometabolic damage. In the present study, we morphologically characterized the heart, eWAT, and iBAT in male heterozygous SIRT1+/− mice (HET mice) on a high-fat diet (60%E lard) versus a standard rodent diet (8.5% E fat) and drinking melatonin (10 mg/kg) for 16 weeks. Wild-type (WT) male C57Bl6/J mice were similarly fed for comparison. Cardiomyocyte fibrosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response worsened in HET mice on a high-fat diet vs. other groups. Lipid peroxidation, ER, and mitochondrial stress were assessed by 4 hydroxy-2-nonenal (4HNE), glucose-regulated protein78 (GRP78), CCAA/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), and mitofusin2 immunostainings. Ultrastructural analysis indicated the prevalence of atypical inter-myofibrillar mitochondria with short, misaligned cristae in HET mice on a lard diet despite melatonin supplementation. Abnormal eWAT adipocytes, crown-like inflammatory structures, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), and iBAT whitening characterized HET mice on a hypercaloric fatty diet and were maintained after melatonin supply. All these data suggest that melatonin’s mechanism of action is strictly linked to full SIRT1 expression, which is required for the exhibition of effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Apoptosis and Autophagy)
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13 pages, 6228 KiB  
Article
Sensitivity Analysis of a Double-Layer Coupling Structure for an Electric Vehicle Wireless Power Transfer System
by Feifan Xu, Shuguang Wei, Jiaqi Li and Dong Yuan
World Electr. Veh. J. 2023, 14(12), 322; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj14120322 - 27 Nov 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1776
Abstract
This paper proposes a novel coupling structure wireless power transfer (WPT) technology for improving the charging and recharging efficiency between electric vehicles (EVs) in the case that the transmitting and receiving coils are not exactly aligned. During the process of wireless power transmission, [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a novel coupling structure wireless power transfer (WPT) technology for improving the charging and recharging efficiency between electric vehicles (EVs) in the case that the transmitting and receiving coils are not exactly aligned. During the process of wireless power transmission, if the relative position of the coils located on each objective is randomly changed, a change in the mutual inductance occurs, which critically leads to fluctuation in the WPT system output. In order to improve the tolerance of the EV WPT system, considering coupling structure misalignment and the deflection caused by relative location changes, a double-layer coupling structure with solenoid pads and double-D pads (SP-DDP coupling structure) is designed for deployment on the side of EVs. Then, the coupling structure is developed through parametrized optimization. Finally, the established coupling structure is evaluated through simulations and an experiment using a prototype, the results of which demonstrate that the proposed coupling structure can achieve good anti-misalignment and anti-deflection performance, realizing a system efficiency of 92.65% and an output power of 192.02 W for the designed EV WPT system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Power Transfer Technology for Electric Vehicles)
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