The ability of the host to trigger apoptosis in infected cells is perhaps the most powerful tool by which viruses can be cleared from the host organism. To avoid elimination by this mechanism, human papillomaviruses (HPV) have developed several mecha...
Human Papillomaviruses have co-evolved with their human host, with each of the over 200 known HPV types infecting distinct epithelial niches to cause diverse disease pathologies. Despite the success of prophylactic vaccines in preventing high-risk HP...
Epidemiology studies suggest that Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected patients on highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) may be at increased risk of acquiring opportunistic Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections and developing oral and...
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most aggressive and heterogeneous groups of human neoplasms. HNSCC is characterized by high morbidity, accounting for 3% of all cancers, and high mortality with ~1.5% of all cancer deaths. I...
Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women living in developing countries. Due to a lack of affordable effective therapy, research into alternative anticancer compounds with low toxicity such as dietary polyphenols has continued. Our...
Viral infections such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) play a critical role in the onset of oropharyngeal (OPC) and nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC), respectively. Despite advancements in targeted therapies and immunotherap...
We developed an innovative method to induce antigen-specific CD8+ T cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) immunity based on in vivo engineering of extracellular vesicles (EVs). This approach employs a DNA vector expressing a mutated HIV-1 Nef protein (Nefmut) d...
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as being related to a wide variety of known cancers: cervical, oropharyngeal, anal, vaginal, penile, and skin. For some of these cancers, rigorous algorithms for screening, therapeutical interventions, and fol...
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major etiological factor in cervical, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers. Although prophylactic vaccines have substantially reduced infection rates, effective therapeutic options for established HPV-associated malignancie...
Human papillomavirus (HPV) still represents an important threat to health worldwide. Better therapy in terms of further improvement of outcomes and attenuation of related side-effects is desirable. The pharmaceutical industry has always targeted natu...
Cancer is one of the most common causes of death and affects millions of lives every year. In addition to non-infectious carcinogens, infectious agents contribute significantly to increased incidence of several cancers. Several therapeutic techniques...
The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has increased substantially over the past three decades, and since 2017, it has been recognized in the AJCC staging system as distinct from its HPV-n...
Chronic infection by high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) and chronic inflammation are factors associated with the onset and progression of several neoplasias, including cervical cancer. Oncogenic proteins E5, E6, and E7 from HPV are the main drive...
Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer in the world, which is further aggravated by the burden of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) disease with invasive...
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the etiological agent of a wide spectrum of diseases, from benign lesions to neoplasms. In most cases, in the first few years after infection, viral clearance occurs; however, in some cases, the infection remains persist...
Background: A major objective in the management of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is to reduce long-term functional ramifications while maintaining oncological outcomes. This study examined th...
Background: Few data are currently available on the treatment of patients with HPV infection. In particular, there is no agreement on the use of antioxidants in these patients. Ellagic acid and annona muricata appear to improve HPV clearance in infec...
Background/Objectives: Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are the leading cause of cervical cancer. Developing evidence suggests that the cervicovaginal microbiome plays a significant role in modulating HPV persistence and pro...
The incidence and mortality of squamous cell carcinoma of the anus has been gradually increasing globally over the last few decades. The evolution of different modalities, including immunotherapies, has changed the treatment paradigm of metastatic an...
In recent years, hormone therapy has been shown to be a remarkable treatment option for cancer. Hormone treatment for gynecological cancers involves the use of medications that reduce the level of hormones or inhibit their biological activity, thereb...
It is now established that patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased risk of developing cervical cancer (CC) or its precursor, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). However, the underlying mechanisms of this association have not b...
Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. The development of new therapies with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is being investigated for cervical cancer; however, their efficacy is not currently sufficient. Oncolytic virus ther...
Cytokines and immune mediators play an important role in the communication between immune cells guiding their response to infectious diseases or cancer. In this study, a comprehensive longitudinal analysis of serum cytokines and immune mediators in h...
Mannose is a natural monosaccharide that plays a central role in host–pathogen interactions and has emerged as a versatile scaffold for designing anti-infective agents. This review summarizes recent advances in mannose-based glycoconjugates wit...
The immuno-inhibitory checkpoint PD-L1, regulated by tumor cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs), dampened the activation of T cells from the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. PD-L1-expressing APCs rather than tumor cells demonstrated the essential anti-tumor eff...
Fridericia platyphylla, a member of the Bignoniaceae family, is widely recognized as a rich source of flavonoids with significant biopharmacological potential. This study aimed to perform a chemical annotation of its metabolites and to evaluate the a...
The ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73 are present on immune cells and play important roles in cancer progression by suppressing antitumour immunity. As such, CD39 and CD73 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are emerging as potential biomarke...
A 67-year-old male with metastatic human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal cancer receiving pembrolizumab (anti-programmed cell death protein 1 [PD-1] immune checkpoint inhibitor) presented with bilateral ocular dryness. It is important to...
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression is observed in 90% of human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHN). Cell cycle pathway impairments resulting in cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and 6...
The United States is suffering from an epidemic associated with high-risk strains of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) predominantly responsible for the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Treatment with immune checkpoint inhib...
Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases in women worldwide. Despite the global introduction of a preventive vaccine against the leading cause of cervical cancer, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, the incidence of this maligna...
Vitamin D3 or calcitriol (VitD3) has been shown to have anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity in in vitro models and clinical studies. However, its effect on HPV-16-related cancer has been sparsely explored. In this study, we aimed to determine w...
Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit) is widely distributed in subtropical and tropical regions, and some phytochemicals isolated from this species have demonstrated anti-proliferative effects. However, its impact on triple-negative breast cancer (TNB...
Tumor cell metabolism differs from that of normal cells, conferring tumors with metabolic advantages but affording opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Accordingly, metabolism-targeting therapies have shown promise. However, drugs targeting si...
Podophyllotoxin (PPT) is commonly used for genital warts due to its antimitotic properties and relatively good accessibility since it can be extracted from plants in low-economy countries. However, due to relatively high toxicity, it cannot be used i...
Background/Objectives: In a series of 33 patients with advanced penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC), we evaluated tissue factor (TF), TROP2, and nectin-4 protein expression as potential therapeutic targets. Expression levels of these proteins were...
In phase I development, CDX-3379, an anti-ErbB3 monoclonal antibody, showed promising molecular and antitumor activity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), alone or in combination with cetuximab. Preliminary biomarker data raised the hyp...
Vulvar cancer (VC) is a rare neoplasm, usually arising in postmenopausal women, although human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated VC usually develop in younger women. Incidences of VCs are rising in many countries. Surgery is the cornerstone of early-s...
Prognosis in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC) refractory to platinum-based chemotherapy is poor, making therapy optimization a priority. Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) monoclonal antibody Nivolumab...
Radiotherapy plays an important role of managing head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Concurrent radiotherapy with radiosensitizing cisplastin chemotherapy is the standard of care (SOC) for non-operable locally advanced HNSCC. Cetuximab, a...
The current COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for the research community to develop a better understanding of viruses, in particular their modes of infection and replicative lifecycles, to aid in the development of novel vaccines and much ne...
Aberrant SRC expression and activation is frequently detected in multiple cancers, and hence, targeting SRC has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. Different SRC inhibitors have demonstrated potent anti-tumor activity in preclinical models,...
Treatment success of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is often hindered by cisplatin resistance. As inherent and acquired therapy resistance counteracts improvement in long-term survival, novel multi-targeting strategies triggering cance...
Approximately 20% of all cases of human cancer are caused by viral infections. Although a great number of viruses are capable of causing a wide range of tumors in animals, only seven of these viruses have been linked to human malignancies and are pre...
Viruses replicate inside the cells of an organism and continuously evolve to contend with an ever-changing environment. Many life-threatening diseases, such as AIDS, SARS, hepatitis and some cancers, are caused by viruses. Because viruses have small...
Over 50% of human papilloma positive head-and-neck cancer (HNCHPV+) patients harbor genomic-alterations in PIK3CA, leading to hyperactivation of the phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. Nevertheless, despite PI3K pathway ac...
The anti-PD1 monoclonal antibody pembrolizumab improves survival in recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Patients with locoregional, pathologically high-risk HNSCC recur frequently despite adjuvant cisplatin–radiation t...
Background: Trichomonas vaginalis is the causative agent of human trichomoniasis, the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection. This disease is associated with an increased susceptibility to HIV and HPV infections. Currently, resistance t...
Head and neck cancer encompasses a diverse group of malignant neoplasms originating in regions such as the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, sinonasal cavities, and salivary glands. HNC represents a significant public health challenge, an...
Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is a cell surface inhibitory receptor with multiple biological activities over T cell activation and effector functions [1,2,3]. LAG-3 negatively regulates proliferation, activation, effector function and homeosta...