Search Results (40)

Background: Burnout is a relevant occupational health concern in Emergency Medical Services (EMSs), with potential implications for workforce well-being, occupational health, and the sustainability of prehospital care. Although burnout has been widely studied among healthcare professionals, evidence concerning Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) students remains limited. This exploratory study aimed to estimate high burnout prevalence among EMT students and practising EMT professionals in Madrid, Spain, describe burnout dimensions in both groups, and examine sociodemographic correlates of high burnout status. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted between March and June 2024 using a convenience sample of 85 participants: 43 EMT students and 42 practising EMT professionals. Burnout was assessed using validated Spanish versions of the Maslach Burnout Inventory: the MBI-SS for students and the MBI-HSS for professionals. Because these instruments are population-specific and rely on different norms and thresholds, between-group comparisons of raw scores were interpreted as exploratory. Descriptive analyses, between-group comparisons with effect sizes, correlation analyses, and an exploratory binary logistic regression model were performed. Results: High burnout was identified in 22 EMT students (51.2%) and 23 practising EMT professionals (54.8%), with no statistically significant between-group difference detected (p = 0.73; Cramer’s V = 0.04). Between-group comparisons of burnout dimensions showed small effect sizes for Emotional Exhaustion (Cohen’s d = 0.17), Depersonalisation (Cohen’s d = 0.24), and Personal Accomplishment (Cohen’s d = −0.26). Age was positively associated with Emotional Exhaustion (r = 0.29, p = 0.008) and Depersonalisation (r = 0.24, p = 0.028), and negatively associated with Personal Accomplishment (r = −0.26, p = 0.019). In the exploratory adjusted logistic regression model, age was associated with high burnout status (OR = 1.05; 95% CI 1.01–1.10; p = 0.017), whereas group and sex were not significant correlates. Conclusions: High burnout levels were observed in both EMT students and practising EMT professionals in this regional exploratory sample. However, the findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the cross-sectional design, convenience sampling, modest sample size, limited statistical power, and use of population-specific burnout instruments. These results suggest that burnout-related distress may be relevant across the EMT training-to-practice pathway and support the need for larger longitudinal and multicentre studies incorporating occupational, educational, and organisational variables. Full article

Background: Examining the relationship between burnout and absenteeism is important for understanding how chronic occupational stress translates into economic costs, reduced productivity, and deterioration in the health of nursing staff. The aim of this study was to evaluate absenteeism among nursing staff and its association with burnout from a gender perspective. Methods: A total of 154 nursing professionals with permanent contracts were included. An interview was conducted, which included the collection of sociodemographic data, characteristics related to their employment status, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire in its Spanish-validated healthcare personnel version. The absenteeism rate was calculated using information from the hospital’s human resources department. The Mantel–Haenszel test was used to identify the association between burnout and absenteeism from a gender perspective. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of burnout was 70.1%; 52.6% reported absenteeism in 2024. The general nursing category was significantly associated with burnout (p = 0.039). Although no association was found between burnout and overall absenteeism, holding multiple jobs was identified as a determinant of partial absenteeism (p < 0.05). The hospital absenteeism rate was 4.8%. No statistically significant difference was found between burnout, gender, and absenteeism, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.386 (95% CI: 0.75–2.65) after controlling for the effect of gender (χ²_MH = 0.672, df = 1, p = 0.412). Conclusions: Nursing staff present a critical level of burnout. No statistically significant difference was found between burnout, gender, and absenteeism, which could indicate that gender roles in the workforce may be changing in our population. Full article

Background/Objectives: The aviation sector is characterized by high-density flight operations and chronic stressors that compromise worker health. This study focuses on burnout syndrome as a multidimensional phenomenon resulting from the interaction between high emotional demands and personal resources. The primary objective was to analyze the relationship between job satisfaction and health problems among cabin crew members, testing a structural model where burnout—specifically its dimensions of enthusiasm toward the job, psychological strain, indolence, and guilt—acts as a mediating factor. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional design was implemented with a sample of 732 cabin crew members from an international airline. Participants completed the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) and the UNIPSICO subscales for job satisfaction and psychosomatic problems. Data was processed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to evaluate the hypothesized interdependent relationships and global model fit. Results: The structural model demonstrated an acceptable fit (CFI = 0.890; RMSEA = 0.056), confirming that job satisfaction is positively related to enthusiasm toward the job and inversely associated with psychological strain. All burnout dimensions were significantly linked to health outcomes; notably, guilt was identified as a critical mediator between indolence and psychosomatic problems. Conclusions: The findings underscore burnout as an insidiously progressive process that mediates the deterioration of cabin crew health. The study highlights guilt as a determining factor in the syndrome’s severity. Consequently, preventive organizational strategies must move beyond general fatigue management to include emotional labor training and early diagnosis of psychosocial risks to preserve operational safety and crew well-being. Full article

The Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) is one of the most widely used instruments for assessing burnout in Latin America, and several European countries. Based on a theoretical model, the SBI comprises 20 items distributed across four dimensions: Enthusiasm Toward the Job, Psychological Exhaustion, Indolence, and Guilt. Unlike traditional frameworks, the SBI incorporates guilt as a central factor, providing a more comprehensive understanding of burnout. The present study aimed to validate the French version of the instrument (SBI-FR) in a sample of 373 French teachers. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the adequacy of the four-factor structure with satisfactory fit indices (RMSEA = 0.057, 90% CI, GFI = 0.911, NFI = 0.909, CFI = 0.948, AIC = 451.824). All items showed acceptable psychometric properties, and reliability coefficients were adequate across the four dimensions. These results support the SBI-FR as a valid and reliable tool for assessing burnout among teachers in France. Furthermore, the inclusion of guilt contributes to theoretical advances in the conceptualization of burnout, enabling the distinction between guilt-prone and non-guilt-prone profiles. Overall, this study offers empirical evidence for the cross-cultural applicability of the SBI and highlights its relevance as an alternative instrument for diagnosing burnout, particularly in educational settings. Full article

Background: Burnout syndrome (BS) is an occupational phenomenon resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed. Although there are underlying causes associated with personal attributes, it is generally linked to external factors within the work environment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of lifestyle factors on BS and its dimensions, as well as on suicidal ideation among Spanish professionals dedicated to implant dentistry. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines. An electronic survey based on the Maslach Burnout Inventory—Human Services Survey (MBI–HSS) was distributed to members of the Spanish Society of Implants. The data were analysed using descriptive statistical methods. Results: A total of 305 participants (20.9%) responded to the questionnaire. Notably, 10.8% of the professionals reported experiencing suicidal thoughts, a factor significantly associated with the presence of BS. The lifestyle factors associated with BS included the following: not engaging in aerobic exercise for at least 30 min per day (p < 0.05), not having hobbies that facilitate mental disconnection from work (p < 0.001), not following a balanced diet (p < 0.0001), having an insufficient social life (p < 0.0001), and experiencing suicidal ideation (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The surveyed dentists generally reported having healthy lifestyle habits. Nevertheless, one in ten professionals acknowledged having experienced suicidal ideation at some point, highlighting a concerning association with BS. Full article

Nursing students often face emotional challenges related to death and dying, affecting their psychological well-being, emotional intelligence, and academic success. Cultural and educational factors may influence how they experience and manage these stressors. This study aimed to compare fear of death, emotional intelligence, coping with death, and academic burnout among second-year nursing students in Spain and Portugal to identify cross-cultural differences. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 174 second-year nursing students from the University of Extremadura (Spain) and the University of Évora (Portugal) during the 2023/2024 academic year. The instruments used included the Collett–Lester Brief Fear of Death Scale, the Trait Meta-Mood Scale—24 ítems, the Bugen’s Coping with Death Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory—Student Survey. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and group comparisons were performed using independent samples t-tests and Welch’s t-tests, depending on variance homogeneity. A two-way ANOVA was also conducted to explore interactions between gender and nationality. The Spanish sample comprised 86 women and 21 men, and the Portuguese sample included 58 women and 9 men. The mean age across the sample was 21.5 years (SD = 4.15). No significant differences were observed in fear of death or emotional intelligence between the two groups. However, Portuguese students showed significantly better coping with death, but also higher academic burnout and cynicism. Spanish students reported greater perceived efficacy. Although emotional intelligence and death anxiety were similar, Portuguese students demonstrated stronger coping skills but experienced more burnout. This suggests that coping alone may not buffer academic stress, emphasizing the need for culturally tailored interventions to enhance emotional readiness and reduce burnout. Full article

Background: Burnout syndrome (BS) is an occupational condition resulting from chronic stress, characterized by three dimensions, emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DE), and diminished personal accomplishment (PA), particularly prevalent in caregiving professions such as healthcare. The aim of this study is to analyse the prevalence of BS among Spanish dental implantology specialists, along with the impact of demographic, educational, and professional aspects. Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study based on the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines and was open to respondents from May to December 2024. An electronic survey based on the Maslach Burnout Inventory—Human Services Survey (MBI–HSS) was sent to members of the Spanish Society of Implants. The data were analysed using descriptive analysis. Results: A total of 305 participants (20.9%) (31.5% females and 68.5% males) completed the questionnaire. The prevalence of BS was 4.3%; however, 61.0% of the dentists showed signs of suffering from the syndrome. The mean values of EE were “average” (20.3 ± 13.8) and of DE and EE “low” (5.1 ± 5.9, and 32.5 ± 14.5, respectively). The factors significantly associated with suffering from BS were being female and having more than 20 years of experience in dental implant treatments. Conclusions: It is advisable to conduct instructive and awareness-raising initiatives among dental professionals to promote an awareness of their mental health, ultimately aiming at preserving their physical and emotional well-being while delivering optimal care to their patients. Full article

Background/Objectives: Employment instability is increasingly recognized as an organizational stressor, yet its combined effect on nurse burnout, humanized care, and work engagement is poorly quantified. This study investigates those relationships and tests a serial mediation model linking contract instability, burnout, humanization, and engagement in Spanish hospital nurses. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional survey was completed by 400 fixed-term nurses between March and May 2025. The data included demographics, number of contracts signed during 2024, and scores on the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), and Health Professionals’ Humanization Scale (HUMAS). Spearman coefficients described the bivariate relations. Results: Burnout correlated positively with both contract count (r = 0.42, p = 0.039) and years of experience (r = 0.74, p = 0.040). Work engagement was inversely associated with instability (r = –0.62, p = 0.018). Humanized care was strongly and negatively related to burnout (r = –0.61, p = 0.032), particularly in sociability and self-efficacy dimensions. Discussion: Contractual precarity elevates burnout, erodes perceptions of humanized care, and, through this erosion, suppresses nurse engagement. Stabilizing workforce arrangements and strengthening empathy-centered skills may mitigate these effects and foster a socially sustainable nursing workforce. Full article

Background/Objectives: Moral distress is commonly experienced by healthcare professionals (i.e., nurses) as ethical conflict. Previous literature suggests that moral distress contributes to emotional exhaustion in these professionals. We aimed to synthesize and analyze studies that examined the relationship between moral distress and emotional exhaustion in healthcare professionals. Methods: Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Medline, and PsycInfo were used to search targeted studies written in English, Spanish, French, Italian, and Portuguese. The correlation coefficients of each study were extracted and converted into Fisher’s z. Finally, pooled r was calculated by Fisher’s z and standard error. The meta-analysis was performed with the R statistical program. Results: A total of 14 studies with 2425 healthcare professionals were included. The Moral Distress Scale Revised (MDS-R) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were the most used scales to measure moral distress and emotional exhaustion, respectively. The pooled correlation coefficient between moral distress and emotional exhaustion was 0.33 (p < 0.001, 95%CI: 0.27, 0.39). Conclusions: Moral distress is strongly correlated to emotional exhaustion in healthcare professionals. Future studies should focus on exploring the causal relationships between both variables as well as investigating potential moderators. Full article

Burnout is a psychological consequence of prolonged work-related stress. Previous studies have concluded that guilt feelings could explain the development of the burnout process and its relationship with other health disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mediating role of guilt feelings in the relationship between burnout and psychosomatic problems. The sample comprised 714 Brazilian teachers (82.10% women). Burnout was assessed using the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI). The hypotheses were evaluated together using a path model to test the mediating role of guilt feelings in the development of burnout and its relationship with psychosomatic problems. Two models were constructed: the hypothesized model (i.e., indolence → guilt → psychosomatic problems) vs. the alternative model (i.e., indolence → psychosomatic problems → guilt). According to the results, the hypothesized model obtained a satisfactory fit to the data, whereas the alternative model’s fit was found to be inadequate. We concluded that the hypothesized model was a good representation of the relationship among burnout, guilt feelings and psychosomatic problems. We recommend taking into consideration feelings of guilt to improve the diagnosis of burnout. Full article

Background/Objectives: Most of the research in assisted reproduction has focused on the stressful situation experienced by women or couples looking for a desired pregnancy; however, the stress experienced by assisted reproduction professional teams is seldom studied. The present study aims to evaluate burnout and its relationship with workplace stressors among assisted reproduction professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used to conduct an online self-assessment national survey, sent to all members of the Spanish Association for Fertility. The questionnaire contained sociodemographic and occupational questions about stressors in the workplace and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS) to assess the three subscales of burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment. Results: The percentages showing high emotional exhaustion and depersonalization in the whole sample were 41.8% and 43.2%, respectively. Additionally, low personal accomplishment was displayed in 42.6% of the respondents. Embryologists stand out for presenting the highest percentages of burnout (emotional exhaustion = 72.1%; depersonalization = 48.1%; low personal accomplishment = 48.1%), whilst psychologists showed the lowest percentages in high emotional exhaustion (32.3%) and depersonalization (24%), and gynecologists in low personal accomplishment (28.5%). Working under pressure was the stressor most experienced by the sample (76.6%) and the one that better predicted the three subscales of burnout. Conclusions: This study highlights the close relationship between high levels of burnout and workplace stressors and shows the need to reduce workplace stressors to improve the well-being of professionals working in assisted reproduction, and, consequently, that of the patients they look after. Full article

Background/Objectives: The burnout syndrome in nurses has been related to the development of mental health problems. On the contrary, resilience is related to adequately coping with stressful situations and better mental health. The objective was to analyze the relationship between resilience and mental health problems in nurses and estimate the proportion mediated by burnout in the association. Methods: In 2021, a total of 1165 Spanish nurses were selected through a stratified random sampling method. Participants anonymously filled in the Resilience Scale (RS-14), the Maslach Burnout Inventory Survey, and the General Health Questionnaire. To test the hypothesis proposed and explain the mediating effect of burnout empirically, structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied. A latent mediation model was computed. Results: Resilience was negatively related to burnout and mental health problems. The direct relationship between burnout and the latent health variable was positive. In addition, in view of the total effect of resilience on mental health problems and the magnitude of the indirect effect, we stated that the proportion of this effect mediated by burnout ranged from 0.486 to 0.870. Conclusions: This study reveals that fostering resilience in nurses directly and indirectly reduces burnout and improves their mental health. The implementation of resilience programs and supportive institutional policies is recommended to improve working conditions and the quality of patient care. Full article

Burnout Syndrome is considered a chronic response to occupational stressors in the work environment. Social interactions constitute one of the stressors at work that can generate negative feelings that trigger a process of contagion of the syndrome among workers in interdependent relationships. This study aimed to analyze whether emotional labor (emotional demands, emotional dissonance) at the level of the leader and subordinate dyad contributes to the manifestation of Burnout Syndrome. The participants included 244 leader–subordinate dyads who answered a questionnaire with sociodemographic and labor data, the Spanish Burnout Inventory, a subscale of the Questionnaire on the Experience and Assessment of Work, and a subscale of the Frankfurt Emotion Work Scale. Analyses were performed using the actor–partner interdependence model (APIM) through path analysis. The results indicate that the emotional demands of the leaders and the emotional dissonance of the subordinates predict the leader’s Burnout Syndrome. The Burnout Syndrome of subordinates was predicted only by the emotional demands of subordinates. Organizational actions are necessary for the better functioning of this dyad, aiming to mitigate the negative consequences of emotional labor on workers’ mental health. Full article

The aim of this study was to use latent profile analysis to identify specific profiles of burnout syndrome in combination with work engagement and to identify whether job satisfaction, psychological well-being, and other sociodemographic and work variables affect the probability of presenting a profile of burnout syndrome and low work enthusiasm. A total of 355 healthcare professionals completed the Spanish Burnout Inventory, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, the Job Satisfaction Scale, and the Psychological Well-Being Scale for Adults. Latent profile analysis identified four profiles: (1) burnout with high indolence (BwHIn); (2) burnout with low indolence (BwLIn); (3) high engagement, low burnout (HeLb); and (4) in the process of burning out (IPB). Multivariate logistic regression showed that a second job in a government healthcare institution; a shift other than the morning shift; being divorced, separated or widowed; and workload are predictors of burnout profiles with respect to the HeLb profile. These data are useful for designing intervention strategies according to the needs and characteristics of each type of burnout profile. Full article

Candidates for the public teaching profession are subjected to high levels of stress, which can lead to the development of burnout syndrome during the competitive examination process. The present research reflects the objective of analysing the effect of resilience on burnout syndrome, stress and study hours in Spanish public teacher candidates. A cross-sectional, descriptive, comparative and ex post facto study was carried out on a sample of 4117 Spanish candidates (M = 31.03; S.D = 6.800). The Perceived Stress Scale was used to measure the stress variable. The Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to collect data related to burnout syndrome and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale was used to measure data related to resilience. The conclusions are that resilience helps to mitigate the effects generated by burnout syndrome and stress, helping to maintain a positive attitude towards the number of hours of study. Full article