MDPI - Publisher of Open Access Journals

20 pages, 12881 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Influence of the Cooling Rate on Austenite Ordering and Martensite Transformation in a Non-Stoichiometric Alloy Based on Ni-Mn-In

by Dmitriy Kuznetsov, Elena Kuznetsova, Alexey Mashirov, Denis Danilov, Georgiy Shandryuk, Irek Musabirov, Igor Shchetinin, Alexey Prokunin, Svetlana von Gratowski and Vladimir Shavrov

J. Compos. Sci. 2023, 7(12), 514; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120514 - 11 Dec 2023

Viewed by 2778

Abstract

The effect of the melt cooling rate on the atomic ordering of austenite and, as a consequence, on the martensitic transformation of a nonstoichiometric alloy of the Ni-Mn-In system has been studied. In situ TEM observations revealed differences in the mechanism of phase [...] Read more.

The effect of the melt cooling rate on the atomic ordering of austenite and, as a consequence, on the martensitic transformation of a nonstoichiometric alloy of the Ni-Mn-In system has been studied. In situ TEM observations revealed differences in the mechanism of phase transformations of the alloy subjected to different cooling conditions. It is shown that during quenching a high density of antiphase boundaries (APB) is formed and the alloy is in the austenite–martensitic (10M and 14M) state up to a temperature of 120 K. In a slowly cooled alloy, a lower APB density is observed, and a two-stage transformation, L21/B2 → 10M → 14M, occurs in the range of 150–120 K. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from International Conference on Materials Science & Engineering 2023)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 14718 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Magnetocaloric Effect, Structure, Spinodal Decomposition and Phase Transformations Heusler Alloy Ni-Mn-In

by D. D. Kuznetsov, E. I. Kuznetsova, A. V. Mashirov, A. S. Loshachenko, D. V. Danilov, V. I. Mitsiuk, A. S. Kuznetsov, V. G. Shavrov, V. V. Koledov and P. Ari-Gur

Nanomaterials 2023, 13(8), 1385; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13081385 - 16 Apr 2023

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3021

Abstract

Ni₄₆Mn₄₁In₁₃ (close to 2-1-1 system) Heusler alloy was studied by magnetization measurement dependence on the temperature in magnetic fields of up to 13.5 T. The magnetocaloric effect measured by the direct method in quasi-adiabatic conditions showed a maximum [...] Read more.

Ni₄₆Mn₄₁In₁₃ (close to 2-1-1 system) Heusler alloy was studied by magnetization measurement dependence on the temperature in magnetic fields of up to 13.5 T. The magnetocaloric effect measured by the direct method in quasi-adiabatic conditions showed a maximum value of ∆T_ad = −4.2 K at a temperature T = 212 K in a magnetic field of 10 T in the region of martensitic transformation. The structure of the alloy was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as a function of the temperature and the thickness of the sample foil. In the temperature range from 353 to 215 K, at least two processes were established. The results of the study indicate that the concentration stratification occurs according to the mechanism of spinodal decomposition (conditionally spinodal decomposition) into nanoscale regions. At a temperature of 215 K and lower, martensitic phase with 14 M modulation is observed in the alloy at thicknesses greater than 50 nm. Some austenite is also observed. In foils with thickness of less than 50 nm in a temperature range from 353 to 100 Km only the initial austenite, which has not transformed, was found. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 4184 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Martensitic Transformation Temperatures and Hall Effect in Ni_47−xMn_41+xIn₁₂ (x = 0, 1, 2) Alloys

by Vyacheslav V. Marchenkov, Sabina M. Emelyanova and Elena B. Marchenkova

Materials 2023, 16(2), 672; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16020672 - 10 Jan 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1977

Abstract

At present, the question of the relationship between the characteristic martensitic transformation temperatures (MTT) and the electronic parameters of a system has not been fully studied. In the present work, an attempt to establish a similar relationship using the example of the concentration [...] Read more.

At present, the question of the relationship between the characteristic martensitic transformation temperatures (MTT) and the electronic parameters of a system has not been fully studied. In the present work, an attempt to establish a similar relationship using the example of the concentration of charge carriers, n, was made. The field dependences of Hall resistivity ρ_H and magnetization M of the magnetocaloric Ni_47−xMn_41+xIn₁₂ (x = 0, 1, 2) alloys were measured at T = 4.2 K and in magnetic fields of up to 80 kOe. The MTT were obtained from the temperature dependences of electrical resistivity and magnetization. It was observed that the MTT correlate strongly with both the valence electron concentration e/a and the electronic transport characteristics, which are the coefficient of the normal (NHE) R₀ and anomalous (AHE) R_S Hall effect and the concentration of charge carriers n. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phase Transformation and Properties of Metals and Alloys)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 6111 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Microstructure, Critical Behavior and Magnetocaloric Properties of Melt-Spun Ni_51.82Mn_32.37In_15.81

by Karima Dadda, Safia Alleg, Saida Souilah, Jason Daza, Joan Saurina, Joan-Josep Suñol, Lotfi Bessais and El-Kebir Hlil

Magnetochemistry 2022, 8(12), 179; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry8120179 - 2 Dec 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1941

Abstract

Heusler alloy with an atomic composition of Ni_51.82Mn_32.37In_15.81 was prepared by melt spinning from arc-melted ingots. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and magnetic measurements were used to study the structural, microstructural and magnetic properties. The crystal structure consists [...] Read more.

Heusler alloy with an atomic composition of Ni_51.82Mn_32.37In_15.81 was prepared by melt spinning from arc-melted ingots. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and magnetic measurements were used to study the structural, microstructural and magnetic properties. The crystal structure consists of a mixture of

B 2

austenite (~50%) and

14 M

martensite (~50%). The alloy undergoes a second order magnetic transition at a Curie temperature of

T_{c}^{A} = 194.2

K. The hysteresis loop reveals the occurrence of exchange bias phenomenon at room temperature. The critical exponents

β

,

γ

and

δ

were estimated using modified Arrott plots, Kouvel–Fisher curves and critical isothermal analysis. The respective values are

β = 0.500 \pm 0.015

,

γ = 1.282 \pm 0.055

and

δ = 3.003 \pm 0.002

. The critical behaviour in ribbons is governed by the mean field model with a dominated long-range order of ferromagnetic interactions. The maximum entropy change,

∆ S_{M}^{m a x}

, for an applied magnetic field of 5 T reaches an absolute value of 0.92 J/kg·K. The experimental results of entropy changes are in good agreement with those calculated using Landau theory. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetism: Energy, Recycling, Novel Materials)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 4520 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Unraveling the Phase Stability and Physical Property of Modulated Martensite in Ni₂Mn_1.5In_0.5 Alloys by First-Principles Calculations

by Xin-Zeng Liang, Jing Bai, Zi-Qi Guan, Yu Zhang, Jiang-Long Gu, Yu-Dong Zhang, Claude Esling, Xiang Zhao and Liang Zuo

Materials 2022, 15(11), 4032; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15114032 - 6 Jun 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2706

Abstract

Large magnetic field-induced strains can be achieved in modulated martensite for Ni-Mn-In alloys; however, the metastability of the modulated martensite imposes serious constraints on the ability of these alloys to serve as promising sensor and actuator materials. The phase stability, magnetic properties, and [...] Read more.

Large magnetic field-induced strains can be achieved in modulated martensite for Ni-Mn-In alloys; however, the metastability of the modulated martensite imposes serious constraints on the ability of these alloys to serve as promising sensor and actuator materials. The phase stability, magnetic properties, and electronic structure of the modulated martensite in the Ni₂Mn_1.5In_0.5 alloy are systematically investigated. Results show that the 6M and 5M martensites are metastable and will eventually transform to the NM martensite with the lowest total energy in the Ni₂Mn_1.5In_0.5 alloy. The physical properties of the incommensurate 7M modulated martensite (7M–IC) and nanotwinned 7M martensite (

7 M - {(5 \bar{2})}_{2}

) are also calculated. The austenite (A) and

7 M - {(5 \bar{2})}_{2}

phases are ferromagnetic (FM), whereas the 5M, 6M, and NM martensites are ferrimagnetic (FIM), and the FM coexists with the FIM state in the 7M–IC martensite. The calculated electronic structure demonstrates that the splitting of Jahn–Teller effect and the strong Ni–Mn bonding interaction lead to the enhancement of structural stability. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Magnetic Functional Materials: Synthesis, Characterization and Application)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 2748 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Interaction of Long Time Pulses of an Nd³⁺:YAG Laser Beam with the Heusler AlloyNi₄₅Co₅Mn_35.5In_14.5

by Patryk Ciupak, Artur Barłowski, Piotr Sagan, Tadeusz Jasiński and Marian Kuzma

Materials 2021, 14(22), 7016; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14227016 - 19 Nov 2021

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1922

Abstract

In this paper, the laser processing of the surface of bulk and layered samples (of thickness 75 nm) of Ni₄₅Co₅Mn_35.5In_14.5 alloy (NC5MI) was investigated using microsecond laser pulses. A Q-switched pulsed Nd³⁺:YAG laser, operating [...] Read more.

In this paper, the laser processing of the surface of bulk and layered samples (of thickness 75 nm) of Ni₄₅Co₅Mn_35.5In_14.5 alloy (NC5MI) was investigated using microsecond laser pulses. A Q-switched pulsed Nd³⁺:YAG laser, operating in the 1st harmonic (which had a wavelength of 1064 nm) with a pulse duration of 250 µs, was used. NC5MI is a metal resistant to thermal laser processing because its reflection coefficient is close to unity for long wavelengths. The aim of this paper was to learn the forms of laser processing (heating, microprocessing, ablation) for which the above-specified type of laser is useful. The samples were irradiated with various fluences in the interval of 5–32 J·cm⁻². The effect of the laser interaction with the surface was explored by SEM microscopy. The threshold fluences for the bulk sample were determined as: the visible damage threshold (F_th^d = 2 ± 0.2 J·cm⁻²), the melting threshold (F_th^m = 10 ± 0.5 J·cm⁻²), and the deep melting threshold (F_th^dm = 32 J·cm⁻²). Unexpectedly, these values wereincreased for the layer sample due to its silicon substrate. We have concluded that this type of laser radiation is advantageous for the annealing and melting of, or drilling holes in, the alloy, but disadvantageousto the ablation of the alloy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Metallurgical and Materials Engineering)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

8 pages, 992 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Influence of Thermal and Magnetic History on Direct ΔT_ad Measurements of Ni_49+xMn_36−xIn₁₅ Heusler Alloys

by Luis M. Moreno-Ramírez, Antonio Delgado-Matarín, Jia Yan Law, Victorino FRANCO, Alejandro Conde and Anit K. Giri

Metals 2019, 9(11), 1144; https://doi.org/10.3390/met9111144 - 25 Oct 2019

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2542

Abstract

In the present work, using Heusler Ni_49+xMn_36-xIn₁₅ (with x = 0 and 0.5) alloys, it is shown that the choice of the appropriate measurement protocol (erasing the prior state of the sample in between experiments) in ∆T [...] Read more.

In the present work, using Heusler Ni_49+xMn_36-xIn₁₅ (with x = 0 and 0.5) alloys, it is shown that the choice of the appropriate measurement protocol (erasing the prior state of the sample in between experiments) in ∆T_ad first shot characterization is crucial for obtaining reliable results. Unlike indirect measurements, for which incorrect protocols produce overestimates of the characteristics of the material, erroneous direct measurements underestimate ∆T_ad in the region close to its first order phase transition. The error in ∆T_ad is found to be dependent on the temperature step used, being up to ~40% underestimation, including a slight shift in its peak temperature. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

8 pages, 1996 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Evidence of Change in the Density of States during the Martensitic Phase Transformation of Ni-Mn-In Metamagnetic Shape Memory Alloys

by Rie Y Umetsu, Xiao Xu, Wataru Ito and Ryosuke Kainuma

Metals 2017, 7(10), 414; https://doi.org/10.3390/met7100414 - 4 Oct 2017

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4546

Abstract

Specific heat measurements were performed at low temperatures for Ni₅₀Mn₅₀₋_xIn_x alloys to determine their Debye temperatures (θ_D) and electronic specific heat coefficients (γ). For x ≤ 15, where the ground state [...] Read more.

Specific heat measurements were performed at low temperatures for Ni₅₀Mn₅₀₋_xIn_x alloys to determine their Debye temperatures (θ_D) and electronic specific heat coefficients (γ). For x ≤ 15, where the ground state is the martensite (M) phase, θ_D decreases linearly and γ increases slightly with increasing In content. For x ≥ 16.2, where the ground state is the ferromagnetic parent (P) phase, γ increases with decreasing In content. Extrapolations of the composition dependences of θ_D and γ in both the phases suggest that these values change discontinuously during the martensitic phase transformation. The value of θ_D in the M phase is larger than that in the P phase. The behavior is in accordance with the fact that the volume of the M phase is more compressive than that of the P phase. On the other hand, γ is slightly larger in the P phase, in good agreement with the reported density of states around the Fermi energy obtained by the first-principle calculations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Shape Memory Alloys 2017)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 598 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Long-Range Atomic Order and Entropy Change at the Martensitic Transformation in a Ni-Mn-In-Co Metamagnetic Shape Memory Alloy

by Vicente Sánchez-Alarcos, Vicente Recarte, José Ignacio Pérez-Landazábal, Eduard Cesari and José Alberto Rodríguez-Velamazán

Entropy 2014, 16(5), 2756-2767; https://doi.org/10.3390/e16052756 - 19 May 2014

Cited by 33 | Viewed by 7330

Abstract

The influence of the atomic order on the martensitic transformation entropy change has been studied in a Ni-Mn-In-Co metamagnetic shape memory alloy through the evolution of the transformation temperatures under high-temperature quenching and post-quench annealing thermal treatments. It is confirmed that the entropy [...] Read more.

The influence of the atomic order on the martensitic transformation entropy change has been studied in a Ni-Mn-In-Co metamagnetic shape memory alloy through the evolution of the transformation temperatures under high-temperature quenching and post-quench annealing thermal treatments. It is confirmed that the entropy change evolves as a consequence of the variations on the degree of L2₁ atomic order brought by thermal treatments, though, contrary to what occurs in ternary Ni-Mn-In, post-quench aging appears to be the most effective way to modify the transformation entropy in Ni-Mn-In-Co. It is also shown that any entropy change value between around 40 and 5 J/kgK can be achieved in a controllable way for a single alloy under the appropriate aging treatment, thus bringing out the possibility of properly tune the magnetocaloric effect. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Entropy in Shape Memory Alloys)

► Show Figures

Graphical abstract

Search Results (9)

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI

Saved Queries

Search Filter Reset All

Years

Feature Papers

Subjects

Journals

Article Types

Countries / Regions

Search Results (9)

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI