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Search Results (15,378)

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Keywords = ETS-10

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1 pages, 155 KiB  
Correction
Correction: Santos et al. Performance Assessment of Object Detection Models Trained with Synthetic Data: A Case Study on Electrical Equipment Detection. Sensors 2024, 24, 4219
by David O. Santos, Jugurta Montalvão, Charles A. C. Araujo, Ulisses D. E. S. Lebre, Tarso V. Ferreira and Eduardo O. Freire
Sensors 2025, 25(15), 4801; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25154801 (registering DOI) - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
The changes are described below [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Applications in Image Analysis and Pattern Recognition)
19 pages, 94974 KiB  
Article
Promotion of Bone Defect Repair Using Decellularized Antler Cancellous Bone Loaded with Deer Osteoglycin
by Yusu Wang, Ying Zong, Weijia Chen, Naichao Diao, Quanmin Zhao, Boyin Jia, Miao Zhang, Jianming Li, Yan Zhao, Zhongmei He and Rui Du
Biomolecules 2025, 15(8), 1124; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15081124 (registering DOI) - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
The combination of scaffold materials and bioactive factors is a promising strategy for promoting bone defect repair in tissue engineering. Previous studies have shown that osteoglycin (OGN) is highly expressed in the bone repair process using deer antler as an animal model of [...] Read more.
The combination of scaffold materials and bioactive factors is a promising strategy for promoting bone defect repair in tissue engineering. Previous studies have shown that osteoglycin (OGN) is highly expressed in the bone repair process using deer antler as an animal model of bone defects. It suggests that OGN may be a key active component involved in the bone repair process. The aim of this study was to investigate whether deer OGN (dOGN) could effectively promote bone regeneration. We successfully expressed dOGN using the E. coli pET30a system and evaluated its biological activity through cell proliferation and migration assays. At a concentration of 5 μg/mL, dOGN significantly promoted cell proliferation and migration. We then incorporated dOGN onto decellularized antler cancellous bone (DACB) scaffolds and assessed their osteogenic potential both in vitro and in vivo. The results indicated that dOGN loading enhanced cell proliferation, adhesion, and osteogenic activity. In vivo experiments confirmed that the dOGN-DACB scaffold significantly improved bone regeneration compared to DACB alone. This study demonstrates that dOGN-loaded DACB scaffolds hold great potential for clinical applications in treating critical-sized bone defects by mimicking the rapid regenerative properties of deer antlers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tissue Calcification in Normal and Pathological Environments)
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19 pages, 4452 KiB  
Article
Artificial Surface Water Construction Aggregated Water Loss Through Evaporation in the North China Plain
by Ziang Wang, Yan Zhou, Wenge Zhang, Shimin Tian, Yaoping Cui, Haifeng Tian, Xiaoyan Liu and Bing Han
Remote Sens. 2025, 17(15), 2698; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17152698 - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
As a typical grain base with a dense population and high-level urbanization, the North China Plain (NCP) faces a serious threat to its sustainable development due to water shortage. Surface water area (SWA) is a key indicator for continuously measuring the trends of [...] Read more.
As a typical grain base with a dense population and high-level urbanization, the North China Plain (NCP) faces a serious threat to its sustainable development due to water shortage. Surface water area (SWA) is a key indicator for continuously measuring the trends of regional water resources and assessing their current status. Therefore, a deep understanding of its changing patterns and driving forces is essential for achieving the sustainable management of water resources. In this study, we examined the interannual variability and trends of SWA in the NCP from 1990 to 2023 using annual 30 m water body maps generated from all available Landsat imagery, a robust water mapping algorithm, and the cloud computing platform Google Earth Engine (GEE). The results showed that the SWA in the NCP has significantly increased over the past three decades. The continuous emergence of artificial reservoirs and urban lakes, along with the booming aquaculture industry, are the main factors driving the growth of SWA. Consequently, the expansion of artificial water bodies resulted in a significant increase in water evaporation (0.16 km3/yr). Moreover, the proportion of water evaporation to regional evapotranspiration (ET) gradually increased (0–0.7%/yr), indicating that the contribution of water evaporation from artificial water bodies to ET is becoming increasingly prominent. Therefore, it can be concluded that the ever-expanding artificial water bodies have become a new hidden danger affecting the water security of the NCP through evaporative loss and deserve close attention. This study not only provides us with a new perspective for deeply understanding the current status of water resources security in the NCP but also provides a typical case with great reference value for the analysis of water resources changes in other similar regions. Full article
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18 pages, 620 KiB  
Article
Mixture Design and Kano Model for a Functional Chickpea and Hibiscus Beverage
by Fernando López-Cardoso, Nayely Leyva-López, Erick Paul Gutiérrez-Grijalva, Rosabel Vélez de la Rocha, Luis Angel Cabanillas-Bojórquez, Josué Camberos-Barraza, Feliznando Isidro Cárdenas-Torres and José Basilio Heredia
Beverages 2025, 11(4), 112; https://doi.org/10.3390/beverages11040112 - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
The demand for functional beverages is increasing as consumers seek options that offer health benefits, and plant-based beverages are gaining popularity for their associated advantages. The objective of this study was to optimize the formulation of a chickpea and hibiscus beverage to maximize [...] Read more.
The demand for functional beverages is increasing as consumers seek options that offer health benefits, and plant-based beverages are gaining popularity for their associated advantages. The objective of this study was to optimize the formulation of a chickpea and hibiscus beverage to maximize flavor sensory acceptance, antioxidant capacity, and anthocyanin content using a mixture design and characterize the optimal formulation. An extreme vertices mixture design was employed, with fixed proportions of chickpea beverage (66.5%) and inulin (2%), while varying the proportions of hibiscus decoction, monk fruit, and cinnamon powder. Additionally, the Kano model was used to classify the beverage’s attributes. The optimized formulation consisted of 31.41% hibiscus decoction, 0.48% monk fruit, and 0.61% cinnamon powder, achieving 329.2 µmol ET/100 mL (antioxidant capacity), 3.567 mg C3GE/100 mL (anthocyanin content), and a flavor rating of 6.2. The Kano model classified good taste, functional properties, monk fruit sweetening, and chickpeas as attractive attributes, with functional properties obtaining the highest satisfaction index (0.88). These results demonstrate that employing a mixture design is an effective tool to enhance health-related aspects and consumer acceptance. Additionally, the incorporation of the Kano model provides a broader perspective on the development of functional beverages by identifying key attributes that influence product acceptance and market success. Full article
18 pages, 4470 KiB  
Article
Cloning, Heterologous Expression, and Antifungal Activity Evaluation of a Novel Truncated TasA Protein from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BS-3
by Li-Ming Dai, Li-Li He, Lan-Lan Li, Yi-Xian Liu, Yu-Ping Shi, Hai-Peng Su and Zhi-Ying Cai
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(15), 7529; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26157529 (registering DOI) - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
TasA gene, encoding a functional amyloid protein critical for biofilm formation and antimicrobial activity, was cloned from the endophytic strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BS-3, isolated from rubber tree roots. This study identified the shortest functional TasA variant (483 bp, 160 aa) reported to date, [...] Read more.
TasA gene, encoding a functional amyloid protein critical for biofilm formation and antimicrobial activity, was cloned from the endophytic strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BS-3, isolated from rubber tree roots. This study identified the shortest functional TasA variant (483 bp, 160 aa) reported to date, featuring unique amino acid substitutions in conserved domains. Bioinformatics analysis predicted a signal peptide (1–27 aa) and transmembrane domain (7–29 aa), which were truncated to optimize heterologous expression. Two prokaryotic vectors (pET28a and pCZN1) were constructed, with pCZN1-TasA expressed solubly in Escherichia coli Arctic Express at 15 °C, while pET28a-TasA formed inclusion bodies at 37 °C. Purified recombinant TasA exhibited potent antifungal activity, achieving 98.6% ± 1.09 inhibition against Colletotrichum acutatum, 64.77% ± 1.34 against Alternaria heveae. Notably, TasA completely suppressed spore germination in C. acutatum and Oidium heveae Steinmannat 60 μg/mL. Structural analysis via AlphaFold3 revealed that truncation enhanced protein stability. These findings highlight BS-3-derived TasA as a promising biocontrol agent, providing molecular insights for developing protein-based biopesticides against rubber tree pathogens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Biochemistry)
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19 pages, 286 KiB  
Review
Does the Anatomical Type of the Plantaris Tendon Influence the Management of Midportion Achilles Tendinopathy?
by Łukasz Olewnik, Ingrid C. Landfald, Bartosz Gonera, Łukasz Gołek, Aleksandra Szabert-Kajkowska, Andrzej Borowski, Marek Drobniewski, Teresa Vázquez and Kacper Ruzik
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(15), 5478; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14155478 (registering DOI) - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
Background: Midportion Achilles tendinopathy (Mid-AT) is a complex condition that may be exacerbated by anatomical variations of the plantaris tendon. Recent anatomical studies, particularly the classification proposed by Olewnik et al., have enhanced the understanding of plantaris–Achilles interactions and their clinical implications. Objective: [...] Read more.
Background: Midportion Achilles tendinopathy (Mid-AT) is a complex condition that may be exacerbated by anatomical variations of the plantaris tendon. Recent anatomical studies, particularly the classification proposed by Olewnik et al., have enhanced the understanding of plantaris–Achilles interactions and their clinical implications. Objective: This review aims to assess the anatomical types of the plantaris tendon, their imaging correlates, and the impact of the Olewnik classification on diagnosis, treatment planning, and surgical outcomes in patients with Mid-AT. Methods: We present an evidence-based analysis of the six anatomical types of the plantaris tendon and their relevance to Achilles tendinopathy, with emphasis on MRI and ultrasound (USG) evaluation. A diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm is proposed, and clinical outcomes of both conservative and operative management are compared across tendon types. Results: Types I and V were most strongly associated with symptomatic conflict and showed the highest benefit from surgical resection. Endoscopic approaches were effective in Types II and III, while Type IV typically responded to conservative treatment. Type VI, often misdiagnosed as tarsal tunnel syndrome, required combined neurolysis. The classification significantly improves surgical decision-making, reduces overtreatment, and enhances diagnostic precision. Conclusions: The Olewnik classification provides a reproducible, clinically relevant framework for individualized management of Mid-AT. Its integration into imaging protocols and treatment algorithms may improve therapeutic outcomes and guide future research in orthopaedic tendon pathology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Orthopedics)
2 pages, 136 KiB  
Correction
Correction: Feemster et al. Implications of Cross-Reactivity and Cross-Protection for Pneumococcal Vaccine Development. Vaccines 2024, 12, 974
by Kristen Feemster, William P. Hausdorff, Natalie Banniettis, Heather Platt, Priscilla Velentgas, Alejandra Esteves-Jaramillo, Robert L. Burton, Moon H. Nahm and Ulrike K. Buchwald
Vaccines 2025, 13(8), 831; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines13080831 (registering DOI) - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
The authors would like to make the following corrections to this published paper [...] Full article
23 pages, 7962 KiB  
Article
Predictive Analysis of Hydrological Variables in the Cahaba Watershed: Enhancing Forecasting Accuracy for Water Resource Management Using Time-Series and Machine Learning Models
by Sai Kumar Dasari, Pooja Preetha and Hari Manikanta Ghantasala
Earth 2025, 6(3), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/earth6030089 (registering DOI) - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
This study presents a hybrid approach to hydrological forecasting by integrating the physically based Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model with Prophet time-series modeling and machine learning–based multi-output regression. Applied to the Cahaba watershed, the objective is to predict key environmental variables [...] Read more.
This study presents a hybrid approach to hydrological forecasting by integrating the physically based Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model with Prophet time-series modeling and machine learning–based multi-output regression. Applied to the Cahaba watershed, the objective is to predict key environmental variables (precipitation, evapotranspiration (ET), potential evapotranspiration (PET), and snowmelt) and their influence on hydrological responses (surface runoff, groundwater flow, soil water, sediment yield, and water yield) under present (2010–2022) and future (2030–2042) climate scenarios. Using SWAT outputs for calibration, the integrated SWAT-Prophet-ML model predicted ET and PET with RMSE values between 10 and 20 mm. Performance was lower for high-variability events such as precipitation (RMSE = 30–50 mm). Under current climate conditions, R2 values of 0.75 (water yield) and 0.70 (surface runoff) were achieved. Groundwater and sediment yields were underpredicted, particularly during peak years. The model’s limitations relate to its dependence on historical trends and its limited representation of physical processes, which constrain its performance under future climate scenarios. Suggested improvements include scenario-based training and integration of physical constraints. The approach offers a scalable, data-driven method for enhancing monthly water balance prediction and supports applications in watershed planning. Full article
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2 pages, 316 KiB  
Correction
Correction: Shikika et al. Extraction of Ta and Nb from a Coltan Bearing Ore by Means of Ammonium Bifluoride Fluorination and Sulfuric Acid Leaching. Minerals 2021, 11, 1392
by Alidor Shikika, Francois Zabene, Fabrice Muvundja, Mac C. Mugumaoderha, Julien L. Colaux, Mohamed Aatach and Stoyan Gaydardzhiev
Minerals 2025, 15(8), 828; https://doi.org/10.3390/min15080828 (registering DOI) - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
The contact details of the author Alidor Shikika have been updated [...] Full article
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1 pages, 126 KiB  
Retraction
RETRACTED: Brikaa et al. Resolving Indeterminacy Approach to Solve Multi-Criteria Zero-Sum Matrix Games with Intuitionistic Fuzzy Goals. Mathematics 2020, 8, 305
by M. G. Brikaa, Zhoushun Zheng and El-Saeed Ammar
Mathematics 2025, 13(15), 2502; https://doi.org/10.3390/math13152502 - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
The journal retracts the article “Resolving Indeterminacy Approach to Solve Multi-Criteria Zero-Sum Matrix Games with Intuitionistic Fuzzy Goals” [...] Full article
1 pages, 126 KiB  
Correction
Correction: Wang et al. Effects of Retinol and Retinyl Palmitate on UV-Induced Skin Ageing and Therapeutic Enhancement. Cosmetics 2025, 12, 68
by Yuan Wang, Xin Nie, Jiangming Zhong, Jing Wang, Lanyue Zhang and Peng Shu
Cosmetics 2025, 12(4), 162; https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics12040162 - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
In the publication [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Cosmetic Dermatology)
28 pages, 1795 KiB  
Article
From Policy to Prices: How Carbon Markets Transmit Shocks Across Energy and Labor Systems
by Cristiana Tudor, Aura Girlovan, Robert Sova, Javier Sierra and Georgiana Roxana Stancu
Energies 2025, 18(15), 4125; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18154125 (registering DOI) - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
This paper examines the changing role of emissions trading systems (ETSs) within the macro-financial framework of energy markets, emphasizing price dynamics and systemic spillovers. Utilizing monthly data from seven ETS jurisdictions spanning January 2021 to December 2024 (N = 287 observations after log [...] Read more.
This paper examines the changing role of emissions trading systems (ETSs) within the macro-financial framework of energy markets, emphasizing price dynamics and systemic spillovers. Utilizing monthly data from seven ETS jurisdictions spanning January 2021 to December 2024 (N = 287 observations after log transformation and first differencing), which includes four auction-based markets (United States, Canada, United Kingdom, South Korea), two secondary markets (China, New Zealand), and a government-set fixed-price scheme (Germany), this research estimates a panel vector autoregression (PVAR) employing a Common Correlated Effects (CCE) model and augments it with machine learning analysis utilizing XGBoost and explainable AI methodologies. The PVAR-CEE reveals numerous unexpected findings related to carbon markets: ETS returns exhibit persistence with an autoregressive coefficient of −0.137 after a four-month lag, while increasing inflation results in rising ETS after the same period. Furthermore, ETSs generate spillover effects in the real economy, as elevated ETSs today forecast a 0.125-point reduction in unemployment one month later and a 0.0173 increase in inflation after two months. Impulse response analysis indicates that exogenous shocks, including Brent oil prices, policy uncertainty, and financial volatility, are swiftly assimilated by ETS pricing, with effects dissipating completely within three to eight months. XGBoost models ascertain that policy uncertainty and Brent oil prices are the most significant predictors of one-month-ahead ETSs, whereas ESG factors are relevant only beyond certain thresholds and in conditions of low policy uncertainty. These findings establish ETS markets as dynamic transmitters of macroeconomic signals, influencing energy management, labor changes, and sustainable finance under carbon pricing frameworks. Full article
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3 pages, 475 KiB  
Correction
Correction: Thu et al. Effect of Probiotics in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biology 2023, 12, 280
by May S. Thu, Thunnicha Ondee, Tanawin Nopsopon, Izzati A. K. Farzana, Joanne L. Fothergill, Nattiya Hirankarn, Barry J. Campbell and Krit Pongpirul
Biology 2025, 14(8), 991; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology14080991 (registering DOI) - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
There was an error in the original publication [...] Full article
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17 pages, 462 KiB  
Article
Fingerprint-Based Secure Query Scheme for Databases over Symmetric Mirror Servers
by Yu Zhang, Rui Zhu, Yin Li and Wenjv Hu
Symmetry 2025, 17(8), 1227; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17081227 - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
The Karp and Rabin (KR) fingerprint is a special hash-like function widely utilized for efficient string matching. Recently, Sharma et al.leveraged its linear and symmetric properties to facilitate private database queries. However, their approach mainly protects encrypted or secret-shared databases rather than public [...] Read more.
The Karp and Rabin (KR) fingerprint is a special hash-like function widely utilized for efficient string matching. Recently, Sharma et al.leveraged its linear and symmetric properties to facilitate private database queries. However, their approach mainly protects encrypted or secret-shared databases rather than public databases, where only the query privacy is required. In this paper, we focus explicitly on privacy-preserving queries over public read-only databases. We propose a novel fingerprint-based keyword query scheme using the distributed point function (DPF), which effectively hides users’ data access patterns across two symmetric mirror servers. Moreover, we provide a rigorous analysis of the false positive probability inherent in fingerprinting and discuss strategies for its minimization. Our scheme achieves efficiency close to plaintext methods, significantly reducing deployment complexity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Computer)
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17 pages, 432 KiB  
Article
Anomalous Drug Transport in Biological Tissues: A Caputo Fractional Approach with Non-Classical Boundary Modeling
by Ahmed Ghezal, Ahmed A. Al Ghafli and Hassan J. Al Salman
Fractal Fract. 2025, 9(8), 508; https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract9080508 (registering DOI) - 4 Aug 2025
Abstract
This paper focuses on the numerical modeling of drug diffusion in biological tissues using fractional time-dependent parabolic equations with non-local boundary conditions. The model includes a Caputo fractional derivative to capture the non-local effects and memory inherent in biological processes, such as drug [...] Read more.
This paper focuses on the numerical modeling of drug diffusion in biological tissues using fractional time-dependent parabolic equations with non-local boundary conditions. The model includes a Caputo fractional derivative to capture the non-local effects and memory inherent in biological processes, such as drug absorption and transport. The theoretical framework of the problem is based on the work of Alhazzani, et al.,which demonstrates the solution’s goodness, existence, and uniqueness. Building on this foundation, we present a robust numerical method designed to deal with the complexity of fractional derivatives and non-local interactions at the boundaries of biological tissues. Numerical simulations reveal how fractal order and non-local boundary conditions affect the drug concentration distribution over time, providing valuable insights into drug delivery dynamics in biological systems. The results underscore the potential of fractal models to accurately represent diffusion processes in heterogeneous and complex biological environments. Full article
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