688 Results Found

Novel antimicrobial strategies are urgently required because of the rising threat of multi drug resistant bacterial strains and the infections caused by them. Among the available target structures, the so-called penicillin binding proteins are of par...

This paper introduces a joint industries–academia–academia research project started by researchers in several automobile companies and universities working on a single theme. Our first target was to find a zeolite for NH₃-SCR, that is, ze...

The detection of water changes in plant stems by non-destructive online methods has become a hot spot in studying the physiological activity of plant water. In this paper, the ultrasonic radio-frequency echo (RFID) technique was used to detect water...

One important question in earthquake prediction is whether a moderate or large earthquake will be followed by an even bigger one. Through temporal b-value evolution analysis, the traffic light system can be used to estimate if an earthquake is a fore...

Information criteria such as the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) are commonly used for model selection. However, the current theory does not support unconventional data, so naive use of these criteria is no...

Takeuchi’s Information Criterion (TIC) was introduced as a generalization of Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) in 1976. Though TIC avoids many of AIC’s strict requirements and assumptions, it is only rarely used. One of the reaso...

Many studies have achieved efficient and accurate methods for identifying crop lodging under homogeneous field surroundings. However, under complex field conditions, such as diverse fertilization methods, different crop growth stages, and various sow...

The ultrasonic sensor method is the most significant and widely accepted technique for measuring liquid levels in tanks. Ultrasonic waves are particularly advantageous in the case of explosive, flammable, or aggressive liquids because of the possibil...

This paper reports on polysilicon piezo-resistors that are fabricated at a low thermal budget using aluminium-induced-crystallization (AIC) of ultra-high-vacuum e-beam evaporated silicon films. By in-situ phosphorus doping of precursor amorphous sili...

The most widely used forms of model selection criteria, the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), are expressed in terms of synthetic indicators of the residual distribution: the variance and the mean-square...

Considerable amounts of research have discussed “No Excuses” charter schools preparing traditionally disadvantaged students for higher education. Yet, no scholarly work has identified or investigated U.S. academically intensive charter sc...

We propose a simple algorithm for improving the MDL (minimum description length) estimator of the number of sources of signals impinging on multiple sensors. The algorithm is based on the norms of vectors whose elements are the normalized and nonline...

The cognitive radio wireless sensor network (CR-WSN) has gained worldwide attention in recent years for its potential applications. Reliable spectrum sensing is the premise for opportunistic access to sensor nodes. However, as a result of the radio f...

Presently, among the global ocean energy technologies, the most conventional one is the wave energy power generation device based on the oscillating water column (OWC) wave energy converter. Given the fluctuation and randomness of waves and the compl...

Data acquisition systems have shown the need of wideband spectrum monitoring for many years. This paper describes and discusses a recently proposed architecture aimed at acquiring efficiently wideband signals, named the Analog-to-Information Converte...

A new first break picking for three-component (3C) vertical seismic profiling (VSP) data is proposed to improve the estimation accuracy of first arrivals, which adopts gesture detection calibration and polarization analysis based on the eigenvalue of...

To suppress noise in signals, a denoising method called AIC–SVD is proposed on the basis of the singular value decomposition (SVD) and the Akaike information criterion (AIC). First, the Hankel matrix is chosen as the trajectory matrix of the si...

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) threaten lake ecosystems and public health. Early HAB detection is possible by monitoring chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration. Ground-based Chl-a data have limited spatial and temporal coverage but can be geo-registered wi...

Background: Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is indispensable for disentangling charge-transfer, capacitive, and diffusive phenomena, yet reproducible parameter estimation and objective model selection remain unsettled. Methods: We derive...

This study introduces a novel approach to enhance variable selection in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), especially in stochastic environments where efficiency estimation is inherently complex. To address these challenges, we propose a game cross-DEA...

As current interventions for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) rarely induce cure, more effective drugs are needed. Short-term treatment of woodchucks with the novel immunomodulator AIC649, a parapoxvirus-based stimulator of toll-like receptor 9 dependent an...

The accuracy of ultra-rapid orbits is a key parameter for the performance of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) real-time or near real-time precise positioning applications. The quality of the current BeiDou demonstration system (BDS) ultra-ra...

The major drawback of photovoltaic (PV) systems is their dependence on environmental conditions, such as solar radiation and temperature. Because of this dependency, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control methods are used in PV systems in order...

It is a relatively well-known fact that in problems of Bayesian model selection, improper priors should, in general, be avoided. In this paper we will derive and discuss a collection of four proper uniform priors which lie on an ascending scale of in...

The Bayesian information criterion (BIC), the Akaike information criterion (AIC), and some other indicators derived from them are widely used for model selection. In their original form, they contain the likelihood of the data given the models. Unfor...

Future stock prices depend on many internal and external factors that are not easy to evaluate. In this paper, we use the Hidden Markov Model, (HMM), to predict a daily stock price of three active trading stocks: Apple, Google, and Facebook, based on...

The Gutenberg–Richter b value describes the ratio between large and small events. A number of studies have suggested that the b value decreases before large earthquakes. In this study, we investigate the temporal variation of the b value of an...

Retroreflective materials have the property of directional reflection, reflecting light strongly in the direction of the light source, and have been used for road traffic signs. In recent years, retroreflective materials have been used in entertainme...

The underground pressure disaster caused by the exploitation of deep mineral resources has become a major hidden danger restricting the safe production of mines. Microseismic monitoring technology is a universally recognized means of underground pres...

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease that eventually leads to heart failure and potentially death for some patients. There are many unique advantages to treating pulmonary diseases directly and non-invasively by inhalation aerosols an...

The Weibull probability distribution has been widely applied to characterize wind speeds for wind energy resources. Wind power generation modeling is different, however, due in particular to power curve limitations, wind turbine control methods, and...

Evapotranspiration (ET) is a major component of the water budget in Bottomland Hardwood Forests (BHFs) and is driven by a complex intertwined suite of meteorological variables. The understanding of these interdependencies leading to seasonal variatio...

As societies confront rapid demographic aging, developing inclusive and age-friendly environments has become a central challenge in urban and housing research. This study proposes an integrated conceptual framework for Aging in Community, extending t...

Frequency analysis has long been an important theme of hydrology research. Although meteorological techniques (physical approaches) such as radar nowcasting, remote sensing, and forecasting heavy rainfall events using meteorological simulation models...

Implementation of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for electricity production requires effective current generation from waste products via robust cathode reduction. Three cathode types using dissolved oxygen cathodes (DOCs), ferricyanide cathodes (FeCs)...

This study focuses on multiple linear regression models relating six climate indices (temperature humidity THI, environmental stress ESI, equivalent temperature index ETI, heat load HLI, modified HLI (HLI _new), and respiratory rate predictor RRP) wit...

As the number of cancer survivors increases, cardiac management in anthracycline-treated patients has become more important. We planned to conduct a prospective multicenter registry study for comprehensive echocardiographic and biomarker data collect...

The acoustic emission (AE) technique is one of the most widely used in the field of structural monitoring. Its popularity mainly stems from the fact that it belongs to the category of non-destructive techniques (NDT) and allows the passive monitoring...

Single and double exponential models fitted to step length symmetry series are used to evaluate the timecourse of adaptation and de-adaptation in instrumented split-belt treadmill tasks. Whilst the nonlinear regression literature has developed substa...

This study investigates wind speed prediction using advanced machine learning techniques, comparing the performance of Vanilla long short-term memory (LSTM) and convolutional neural network (CNN) models, alongside the application of extreme value the...

Meta-analysis techniques allow researchers to aggregate effect sizes—like standardized mean difference(s), correlation(s), or odds ratio(s)—of different studies. This leads to overall effect-size estimates and their confidence intervals....

Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) has shown effectiveness in determining the depth of surface-open cracks in concrete structures. The type of transducer and the algorithm for extracting the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal significantly impact the...

This study aimed to identify and explore the hospital admission risk factors associated with the length of stay (LoS) by applying a relatively novel statistical method for count data using predictors among COVID-19 patients in Bologna, Italy. The sec...

Environmental Sound Recognition has become a relevant application for smart cities. Such an application, however, demands the use of trained machine learning classifiers in order to categorize a limited set of audio categories. Although classical mac...

MaxEnt is a popular maximum entropy-based algorithm originally developed for modelling species distribution, but increasingly used for land-cover classification. In this article, we used MaxEnt as a single-class land-cover classification and explored...

This article was prepared for the Special Issue on Resampling methods for statistical inference of the 2020s. Modern algorithms such as random forests and deep learning are automatic machines for producing prediction rules from training data. Resampl...

Streptomyces bacteria produce a plethora of secondary metabolites including the majority of medically important antibiotics. The onset of secondary metabolism is correlated with morphological differentiation and controlled by a complex regulatory net...

The attention to environmental impacts of cement production has grown fast in recent decades. The cement industry is a significant greenhouse gases emitter mainly due to the calcinations of raw materials and the combustions of fuels. This paper inves...

Statistical hypothesis testing, as formalized by 20th century statisticians and taught in college statistics courses, has been a cornerstone of 100 years of scientific progress. Nevertheless, the methodology is increasingly questioned in many scienti...

The two-parameter logistic (2PL) item response model is typically estimated using an unbounded distribution for the trait $\theta$. In this article, alternative specifications of the 2PL models are investigated that consider a bounded or a positively...